Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-925

Weakness Allowed

Improper Verification of Intent by Broadcast Receiver

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The Android application uses a Broadcast Receiver that receives an Intent but does not properly verify that the Intent came from an authorized source.

Certain types of Intents, identified by action string, can only be broadcast by the operating system itself, not by third-party applications. However, when an application registers to receive these implicit system intents, it is also registered to receive any explicit intents. While a malicious application cannot send an implicit system intent, it can send an explicit intent to the target application, which may assume that any received intent is a valid implicit system intent and not an explicit intent from another application.

Mapping guidance

This CWE entry is at the Variant level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.

Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.

Relationships and members
ChildOf: CWE-940 · View CWE-1000
Modes of introduction
Architecture and Design
Detection methods

Automated Static Analysis

Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)

Effectiveness: High

Notes

Maintenance

This entry will be made more comprehensive in later CWE versions.

Content history
Submission: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2013-06-24 · CWE 2.5
Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-02-18 · CWE 2.6

updated Alternate_Terms, Demonstrative_Examples, Description, References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2017-11-08 · CWE 3.0

updated Demonstrative_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2019-01-03 · CWE 3.2

updated Related_Attack_Patterns

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-02-24 · CWE 4.0

updated Applicable_Platforms, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2022-10-13 · CWE 4.9

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-04-27 · CWE 4.11

updated Detection_Factors, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-06-29 · CWE 4.12

updated Mapping_Notes

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-12-11 · CWE 4.19

updated Weakness_Ordinalities

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-04-30 · CWE 4.20

updated Observed_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-10-28 · CWE 5.0

updated Description

8 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-33173 (GCVE-0-2026-33173)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-23 23:21 – Updated: 2026-03-24 15:12
VLAI
Title
Rails Active Storage has possible content type bypass via metadata in direct uploads
Summary
Active Storage allows users to attach cloud and local files in Rails applications. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, `DirectUploadsController` accepts arbitrary metadata from the client and persists it on the blob. Because internal flags like `identified` and `analyzed` are stored in the same metadata hash, a direct-upload client can set these flags to skip MIME detection and analysis. This allows an attacker to upload arbitrary content while claiming a safe `content_type`, bypassing any validations that rely on Active Storage's automatic content type identification. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-24 14:14 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-925 - Improper Verification of Intent by Broadcast Receiver
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7763 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
rails activestorage Affected: >= 8.1.0.beta1, < 8.1.2.1
Affected: >= 8.0.0.beta1, < 8.0.4.1
Affected: < 7.2.3.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-10576 (GCVE-0-2024-10576)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-04 12:02 – Updated: 2024-12-04 21:01
VLAI
Title
Unauthorized factory reset of Infinix devices
Summary
Infinix devices contain a pre-loaded "com.transsion.agingfunction" application, that exposes an unsecured broadcast receiver. An attacker can communicate with the receiver and force the device to perform a factory reset without any Android system permissions.  After multiple attempts to contact the vendor we did not receive any answer. We suppose this issue affects all Infinix Mobile devices.
Severity
9.4 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/S:N/R:I/V:D/U:Amber
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-12-04 19:48 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-925 - Improper Verification of Intent by Broadcast Receiver
Assigner
CERT-PL CNA under the ENISA root
CNA scorecard B 81/100 over 249 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Infinix Mobile com.transsion.agingfunction Affected: 13
Create a notification for this product.
infinix_mobile com.transmission.agingfunction Affected: 13
    cpe:2.3:a:infinix_mobile:com.transmission.agingfunction:13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Szymon Chadam
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-44126 (GCVE-0-2023-44126)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-27 14:01 – Updated: 2024-09-20 19:47
VLAI
Title
Call management - Implicit intents disclose telephony data such as phone numbers, call states, contacts
Summary
The vulnerability is that the Call management ("com.android.server.telecom") app patched by LG sends a lot of LG-owned implicit broadcasts that disclose sensitive data to all third-party apps installed on the same device. Those intents include data such as call states, durations, called numbers, contacts info, etc.
Severity
3.6 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-20 18:14 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-925 - Improper Verification of Intent by Broadcast Receiver
Assigner
LGE CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard – unranked: 1 record in the last 180 days, 10 needed details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
LG Electronics LG V60 Thin Q 5G(LMV600VM) Affected: Android 8 , ≤ 13 (Android)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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GHSA-6RMR-M77C-MFQC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-27 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:55
VLAI
Details

The vulnerability is that the Call management ("com.android.server.telecom") app patched by LG sends a lot of LG-owned implicit broadcasts that disclose sensitive data to all third-party apps installed on the same device. Those intents include data such as call states, durations, called numbers, contacts info, etc.

Severity
3.6 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-44126"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-925"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-09-27T15:19:36Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The vulnerability is that the Call management (\"com.android.server.telecom\") app patched by LG sends a lot of LG-owned implicit broadcasts that disclose sensitive data to all third-party apps installed on the same device. Those intents include data such as call states, durations, called numbers, contacts info, etc.",
  "id": "GHSA-6rmr-m77c-mfqc",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T07:55:19Z",
  "published": "2023-09-27T15:30:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-44126"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lgsecurity.lge.com/bulletins/mobile#updateDetails"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-J4J9-WC5G-P586

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-02 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-02 03:30
VLAI
Details

Improper verification of intent by broadcast receiver vulnerability in ThemeStore prior to 5.3.05.2 allows local attackers to write arbitrary files to sandbox of ThemeStore.

Severity
5.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-20853"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-925"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-02T03:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Improper verification of intent by broadcast receiver vulnerability in ThemeStore prior to 5.3.05.2 allows local attackers to write arbitrary files to sandbox of ThemeStore.",
  "id": "GHSA-j4j9-wc5g-p586",
  "modified": "2024-04-02T03:30:44Z",
  "published": "2024-04-02T03:30:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20853"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/serviceWeb.smsb?year=2024\u0026month=04"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JRC4-9PRF-Q9VM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-09 06:31 – Updated: 2026-09-09 06:31
VLAI
Details

Improper verification of intent by broadcast receiver in Samsung Cloud Assistant prior to version 9.0.5 allows local attackers to disable enhanced data protection settings.

Severity
5.1 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-21106"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-925"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-09T05:17:23Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Improper verification of intent by broadcast receiver in Samsung Cloud Assistant prior to version 9.0.5 allows local attackers to disable enhanced data protection settings.",
  "id": "GHSA-jrc4-9prf-q9vm",
  "modified": "2026-09-09T06:31:39Z",
  "published": "2026-09-09T06:31:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-21106"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/serviceWeb.smsb?year=2026\u0026month=09"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-PHGF-8V5R-R8P3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-04 12:31 – Updated: 2024-12-04 12:31
VLAI
Details

Infinix devices contain a pre-loaded "com.transsion.agingfunction" application, that exposes an unsecured broadcast receiver. An attacker can communicate with the receiver and force the device to perform a factory reset without any Android system permissions. 

After multiple attempts to contact the vendor we did not receive any answer. We suppose this issue affects all Infinix Mobile devices.

Severity
9.4 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/S:N/R:I/V:D/U:Amber
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-10576"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-925"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-04T12:15:18Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Infinix devices contain a pre-loaded \"com.transsion.agingfunction\" application, that\u00a0exposes an unsecured broadcast receiver. An attacker can communicate with the receiver and force the device to perform a factory reset without any Android system permissions.\u00a0\n\nAfter multiple attempts to contact the vendor we did not receive any answer. We suppose this issue affects all Infinix Mobile devices.",
  "id": "GHSA-phgf-8v5r-r8p3",
  "modified": "2024-12-04T12:31:45Z",
  "published": "2024-12-04T12:31:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10576"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert.pl/en/posts/2024/12/CVE-2024-10576"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert.pl/posts/2024/12/CVE-2024-10576"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:N/AU:X/R:I/V:D/RE:X/U:Amber",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QCFX-2MFW-W4CG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-23 20:54 – Updated: 2026-05-13 16:15
VLAI
Summary
Rails Active Storage has possible content type bypass via metadata in direct uploads
Details

Impact

Active Storage's DirectUploadsController accepts arbitrary metadata from the client and persists it on the blob. Because internal flags like identified and analyzed are stored in the same metadata hash, a malicious direct-upload client could set these flags.

Releases

The fixed releases are available at the normal locations.

Credit

This was responsible reported by Hackerone researcher pwnie

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "activestorage"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "8.1.0.beta1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.1.2.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "activestorage"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "8.0.0.beta1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.0.4.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "activestorage"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "7.2.3.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-33173"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-925"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-23T20:54:16Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-24T00:16:28Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nActive Storage\u0027s `DirectUploadsController` accepts arbitrary metadata from the client and persists it on the blob. Because internal flags like `identified` and `analyzed` are stored in the same metadata hash, a malicious direct-upload client could set these flags.\n\n### Releases\nThe fixed releases are available at the normal locations.\n\n### Credit\nThis was responsible reported by Hackerone researcher [pwnie](https://hackerone.com/pwnie)",
  "id": "GHSA-qcfx-2mfw-w4cg",
  "modified": "2026-05-13T16:15:54Z",
  "published": "2026-03-23T20:54:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-qcfx-2mfw-w4cg"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33173"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/707c0f1f41f067fdf96d54e99d43b28dfaae7e53"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/8fcb934caadc79c8cc4ce53287046d0f67005b3e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/d9502f5214e2198245a4c1defe9cd02a7c8057d0"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/rails/rails"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v7.2.3.1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.0.4.1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.2.1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/activestorage/CVE-2026-33173.yml"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Rails Active Storage has possible content type bypass via metadata in direct uploads"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Before acting on the Intent, check the Intent Action to make sure it matches the expected System action.

CAPEC-499: Android Intent Intercept

An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, intercepts messages from a trusted Android-based application in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including denial of service, information disclosure, and data injection. An implicit intent sent from a trusted application can be received by any application that has declared an appropriate intent filter. If the intent is not protected by a permission that the malicious application lacks, then the attacker can gain access to the data contained within the intent. Further, the intent can be either blocked from reaching the intended destination, or modified and potentially forwarded along.

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