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CWE-125
Out-of-bounds Read
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
CVE-2025-54080 (GCVE-0-2025-54080)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-29 14:50 – Updated: 2025-08-29 14:58
VLAI
Title
Exiv2 Segmentation Faults in Exiv2::EpsImage::writeMetadata() via crafted EPS file
Summary
Exiv2 is a C++ library and a command-line utility to read, write, delete and modify Exif, IPTC, XMP and ICC image metadata. An out-of-bounds read was found in Exiv2 versions 0.28.5 and earlier. The out-of-bounds read is triggered when Exiv2 is used to write metadata into a crafted image file. An attacker could potentially exploit the vulnerability to cause a denial of service by crashing Exiv2, if they can trick the victim into running Exiv2 on a crafted image file. Note that this bug is only triggered when writing the metadata, which is a less frequently used Exiv2 operation than reading the metadata. The bug is fixed in version 0.28.6.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Exiv2/exiv2/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/Exiv2/exiv2/commit/e7373324277… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-54095 (GCVE-0-2025-54095)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-09 17:00 – Updated: 2026-02-20 16:00
VLAI
Title
Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
16 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27929
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27929
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23529
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23529
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25675
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25675
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22774
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22774
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8422
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8422
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7792
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7792
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.4171
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1849
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.6584
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.6584
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-09-09 07:00
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CVE-2025-54096 (GCVE-0-2025-54096)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-09 17:00 – Updated: 2026-02-20 16:00
VLAI
Title
Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
16 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27929
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27929
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23529
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23529
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25675
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25675
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22774
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22774
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8422
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8422
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7792
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7792
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.4171
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1849
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.6584
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.6584
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-09-09 07:00
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CVE-2025-54097 (GCVE-0-2025-54097)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-09 17:00 – Updated: 2026-02-20 16:00
VLAI
Title
Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
16 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27929
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27929
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23529
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23529
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25675
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25675
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22774
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22774
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8422
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8422
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7792
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7792
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.4171
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1849
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.6584
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.6584
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-09-09 07:00
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CVE-2025-54164 (GCVE-0-2025-54164)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-02 14:56 – Updated: 2026-01-02 19:17
VLAI
Title
QTS, QuTS hero
Summary
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains an administrator account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to obtain secret data.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:
QTS 5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 and later
QuTS hero h5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 and later
QuTS hero h5.3.1.3250 build 20250912 and later
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QTS |
Affected:
5.2.x , < 5.2.7.3256 build 20250913
(custom)
|
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTS hero |
Affected:
h5.2.x , < h5.2.7.3256 build 20250913
(custom)
Affected: h5.3.x , < h5.3.1.3250 build 20250912 (custom) |
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CVE-2025-54165 (GCVE-0-2025-54165)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-02 14:56 – Updated: 2026-01-02 19:16
VLAI
Title
QTS, QuTS hero
Summary
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains an administrator account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to obtain secret data.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:
QTS 5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 and later
QuTS hero h5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 and later
QuTS hero h5.3.1.3250 build 20250912 and later
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QTS |
Affected:
5.2.x , < 5.2.7.3256 build 20250913
(custom)
|
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTS hero |
Affected:
h5.2.x , < h5.2.7.3256 build 20250913
(custom)
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CVE-2025-54166 (GCVE-0-2025-54166)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-02 14:57 – Updated: 2026-01-02 19:16
VLAI
Title
QTS, QuTS hero
Summary
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains an administrator account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to obtain secret data.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:
QTS 5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 and later
QuTS hero h5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 and later
QuTS hero h5.3.1.3250 build 20250912 and later
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QTS |
Affected:
5.2.x , < 5.2.7.3256 build 20250913
(custom)
|
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTS hero |
Affected:
h5.2.x , < h5.2.7.3256 build 20250913
(custom)
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CVE-2025-54169 (GCVE-0-2025-54169)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-11 12:17 – Updated: 2026-02-11 15:09
VLAI
Title
File Station 5
Summary
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability has been reported to affect File Station 5. If a remote attacker gains a user account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to obtain secret data.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version:
File Station 5 5.5.6.5068 and later
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | File Station 5 |
Affected:
5.5.x , < 5.5.6.5068
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-54170 (GCVE-0-2025-54170)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-11 12:17 – Updated: 2026-02-11 15:43
VLAI
Title
Qsync Central
Summary
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability has been reported to affect Qsync Central. If a remote attacker gains a user account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to obtain secret data.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version:
Qsync Central 5.0.0.4 ( 2026/01/20 ) and later
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
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| QNAP Systems Inc. | Qsync Central |
Affected:
5.0.x.x , < 5.0.0.4 ( 2026/01/20 )
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CVE-2025-54186 (GCVE-0-2025-54186)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-12 20:36 – Updated: 2025-08-12 20:49
VLAI
Title
Substance3D - Modeler | Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Summary
Substance3D - Modeler versions 1.22.0 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/substan… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adobe | Substance3D - Modeler |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.22.0
(semver)
|
Date Public
2025-08-12 17:00
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Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Description:
- Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.