Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-125

Out-of-bounds Read

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

CVE-2022-39392 (GCVE-0-2022-39392)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-11-10 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-23 16:39
VLAI
Title
Wasmtime vulnerable to out of bounds read/write with zero-memory-pages configuration
Summary
Wasmtime is a standalone runtime for WebAssembly. Prior to version 2.0.2, there is a bug in Wasmtime's implementation of its pooling instance allocator when the allocator is configured to give WebAssembly instances a maximum of zero pages of memory. In this configuration, the virtual memory mapping for WebAssembly memories did not meet the compiler-required configuration requirements for safely executing WebAssembly modules. Wasmtime's default settings require virtual memory page faults to indicate that wasm reads/writes are out-of-bounds, but the pooling allocator's configuration would not create an appropriate virtual memory mapping for this meaning out of bounds reads/writes can successfully read/write memory unrelated to the wasm sandbox within range of the base address of the memory mapping created by the pooling allocator. This bug is not applicable with the default settings of the `wasmtime` crate. This bug can only be triggered by setting `InstanceLimits::memory_pages` to zero. This is expected to be a very rare configuration since this means that wasm modules cannot allocate any pages of linear memory. All wasm modules produced by all current toolchains are highly likely to use linear memory, so it's expected to be unlikely that this configuration is set to zero by any production embedding of Wasmtime. This bug has been patched and users should upgrade to Wasmtime 2.0.2. This bug can be worked around by increasing the `memory_pages` allotment when configuring the pooling allocator to a value greater than zero. If an embedding wishes to still prevent memory from actually being used then the `Store::limiter` method can be used to dynamically disallow growth of memory beyond 0 bytes large. Note that the default `memory_pages` value is greater than zero.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
  • CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2022-39891 (GCVE-0-2022-39891)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-11-09 00:00 – Updated: 2025-05-01 19:30
VLAI
Summary
Heap overflow vulnerability in parse_pce function in libsavsaudio.so in Editor Lite prior to version 4.0.41.3 allows attacker to get information.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Samsung Mobile Editor Lite Affected: unspecified , < 4.0.41.3 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2022-40134 (GCVE-0-2022-40134)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-01-30 21:20 – Updated: 2025-03-27 15:26
VLAI
Summary
An information leak vulnerability in the SMI Set BIOS Password SMI Handler in some Lenovo models may allow an attacker with local access and elevated privileges to read SMM memory.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Lenovo BIOS Affected: various
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-40135 (GCVE-0-2022-40135)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-01-30 21:20 – Updated: 2025-03-27 15:26
VLAI
Summary
An information leak vulnerability in the Smart USB Protection SMI Handler in some Lenovo models may allow an attacker with local access and elevated privileges to read SMM memory.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Lenovo BIOS Affected: various
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-40136 (GCVE-0-2022-40136)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-01-30 21:20 – Updated: 2025-03-27 15:25
VLAI
Summary
An information leak vulnerability in SMI Handler used to configure platform settings over WMI in some Lenovo models may allow an attacker with local access and elevated privileges to read SMM memory.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Lenovo BIOS Affected: various
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-40636 (GCVE-0-2022-40636)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-09-15 15:26 – Updated: 2024-08-03 12:21
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ansys SpaceClaim 2022 R1. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of JT files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-17044.
Severity
7 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Ansys SpaceClaim Affected: 2022 R1
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Anonymous
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-40640 (GCVE-0-2022-40640)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-09-15 15:26 – Updated: 2024-08-03 12:21
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ansys SpaceClaim 2022 R1. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of X_B files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read before the start of an allocated data structure. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-17308.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Ansys SpaceClaim Affected: 2022 R1
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Anonymous
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-40647 (GCVE-0-2022-40647)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-09-15 15:26 – Updated: 2024-08-03 12:21
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ansys SpaceClaim 2022 R1. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of X_B files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated data structure. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-17558.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Ansys SpaceClaim Affected: 2022 R1
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Anonymous
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-40656 (GCVE-0-2022-40656)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-09-15 15:26 – Updated: 2025-01-07 18:47
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NIKON NIS-Elements Viewer 13.2.0.21165. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of ND2 files. Crafted data in a ND2 file can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-15072.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NIKON NIS-Elements Viewer Affected: 13.2.0.21165
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Tran Van Khang - khangkito (VinCSS)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-40662 (GCVE-0-2022-40662)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-09-15 15:26 – Updated: 2025-04-30 15:01
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NIKON NIS-Elements Viewer 1.2100.1483.0. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of TIF images. Crafted data in a TIF image can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-15351.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NIKON NIS-Elements Viewer Affected: 1.2100.1483.0
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Tran Van Khang - khangkito (VinCSS)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation ID: MIT-5

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Description:

  • Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers

An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.

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