CWE-203
Observable Discrepancy
The product behaves differently or sends different responses under different circumstances in a way that is observable to an unauthorized actor.
CVE-2025-11932 (GCVE-0-2025-11932)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-21 23:01 – Updated: 2025-12-08 15:39
VLAI
Title
Timing Side-Channel in PSK Binder Verification
Summary
The server previously verified the TLS 1.3 PSK binder using a non-constant time method which could potentially leak information about the PSK binder
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-203 - Observable Discrepancy
Assigner
References
1 reference
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-11932",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-11-24T16:17:20.562949Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-24T17:57:58.160Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "wolfSSL",
"vendor": "wolfSSL",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "5.8.4",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Luigino Camastra from Aisle Research"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe server previously verified the TLS 1.3 PSK binder using a non-constant time method which could potentially leak information about the PSK binder\u003c/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "The server previously verified the TLS 1.3 PSK binder using a non-constant time method which could potentially leak information about the PSK binder"
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 2.3,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-203",
"description": "CWE-203 Observable Discrepancy",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-08T15:39:21.037Z",
"orgId": "50d2cd11-d01a-48ed-9441-5bfce9d63b27",
"shortName": "wolfSSL"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl/pull/9223"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Timing Side-Channel in PSK Binder Verification",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.5.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "50d2cd11-d01a-48ed-9441-5bfce9d63b27",
"assignerShortName": "wolfSSL",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-11932",
"datePublished": "2025-11-21T23:01:03.321Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-10-17T22:09:18.865Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-08T15:39:21.037Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-12888 (GCVE-0-2025-12888)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-21 22:50 – Updated: 2025-12-08 15:51
VLAI
Title
Constant Time Issue with Xtensa-based ESP32 and X22519
Summary
Vulnerability in X25519 constant-time cryptographic implementations due to timing side channels introduced by compiler optimizations and CPU architecture limitations, specifically with the Xtensa-based ESP32 chips. If targeting Xtensa it is recommended to use the low memory implementations of X25519, which is now turned on as the default for Xtensa.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-203 - Observable Discrepancy
Assigner
References
1 reference
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-12888",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-11-24T15:43:55.269754Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-24T15:44:21.038Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "wolfSSL",
"vendor": "wolfSSL",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "5.8.4",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Adrian Cinal"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Vulnerability in X25519 constant-time cryptographic implementations due to timing side channels introduced by compiler optimizations and CPU architecture limitations, specifically with the Xtensa-based ESP32 chips. If targeting Xtensa it is recommended to use the low memory implementations of X25519, which is now turned on as the default for Xtensa.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Vulnerability in X25519 constant-time cryptographic implementations due to timing side channels introduced by compiler optimizations and CPU architecture limitations, specifically with the Xtensa-based ESP32 chips. If targeting Xtensa it is recommended to use the low memory implementations of X25519, which is now turned on as the default for Xtensa."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-485",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-485 Signature Spoofing by Key Recreation"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
"attackVector": "PHYSICAL",
"baseScore": 1,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-203",
"description": "CWE-203 Observable Discrepancy",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-08T15:51:56.735Z",
"orgId": "50d2cd11-d01a-48ed-9441-5bfce9d63b27",
"shortName": "wolfSSL"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl/pull/9275"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Constant Time Issue with Xtensa-based ESP32 and X22519",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.5.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "50d2cd11-d01a-48ed-9441-5bfce9d63b27",
"assignerShortName": "wolfSSL",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-12888",
"datePublished": "2025-11-21T22:50:30.510Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-11-07T17:36:11.128Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-08T15:51:56.735Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-13912 (GCVE-0-2025-13912)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-11 17:09 – Updated: 2025-12-11 19:35
VLAI
Title
Potential non-constant time compiled code with Clang LLVM
Summary
Multiple constant-time implementations in wolfSSL before version 5.8.4 may be transformed into non-constant-time binary by LLVM optimizations, which can potentially result in observable timing discrepancies and lead to information disclosure through timing side-channel attacks.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-203 - Observable Discrepancy
Assigner
References
1 reference
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-13912",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-12-11T19:19:06.931568Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-11T19:35:56.056Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "wolfSSL",
"vendor": "wolfSSL",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "5.8.4",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Jing Liu"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Zhiyuan Zhang"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "LUC\u00cdA MART\u00cdNEZ GAVIER"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Gilles Barthe"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Marcel B\u00f6hme"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Multiple constant-time implementations in wolfSSL before version 5.8.4 may be transformed into non-constant-time binary by LLVM optimizations, which can potentially result in observable timing discrepancies and lead to information disclosure through timing side-channel attacks.\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Multiple constant-time implementations in wolfSSL before version 5.8.4 may be transformed into non-constant-time binary by LLVM optimizations, which can potentially result in observable timing discrepancies and lead to information disclosure through timing side-channel attacks."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"baseScore": 1,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-203",
"description": "CWE-203 Observable Discrepancy",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-11T17:09:59.098Z",
"orgId": "50d2cd11-d01a-48ed-9441-5bfce9d63b27",
"shortName": "wolfSSL"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl/pull/9148"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Potential non-constant time compiled code with Clang LLVM",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.5.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "50d2cd11-d01a-48ed-9441-5bfce9d63b27",
"assignerShortName": "wolfSSL",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-13912",
"datePublished": "2025-12-11T17:09:59.098Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-12-02T17:27:26.760Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-11T19:35:56.056Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-1396 (GCVE-0-2025-1396)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-26 07:52 – Updated: 2025-09-30 15:43
VLAI
Title
Username Enumeration in Multiple WSO2 Products with Multi-Attribute Login Enabled
Summary
A username enumeration vulnerability exists in multiple WSO2 products when Multi-Attribute Login is enabled. In this configuration, the system returns a distinct "User does not exist" error message to the login form, regardless of the validate_username setting. This behavior allows malicious actors to determine which usernames exist in the system based on observable discrepancies in the application's responses.
Exploitation of this vulnerability could aid in brute-force attacks, targeted phishing campaigns, or other social engineering techniques by confirming the validity of user identifiers within the system.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-203 - Observable Discrepancy
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WSO2 | WSO2 Identity Server |
Unknown:
0 , < 5.10.0
(custom)
Affected: 5.10.0 , < 5.10.0.346 (custom) Affected: 5.11.0 , < 5.11.0.395 (custom) Affected: 6.0.0 , < 6.0.0.231 (custom) Affected: 6.1.0 , < 6.1.0.223 (custom) |
|
| WSO2 | WSO2 Open Banking IAM |
Affected:
2.0.0 , < 2.0.0.390
(custom)
|
|
| WSO2 | WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager |
Affected:
5.10.0 , < 5.10.0.339
(custom)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-1396",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-09-30T15:43:25.782305Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-09-30T15:43:31.106Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "WSO2 Identity Server",
"vendor": "WSO2",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "5.10.0",
"status": "unknown",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.10.0.346",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.10.0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.11.0.395",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.11.0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"lessThan": "6.0.0.231",
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"lessThan": "6.1.0.223",
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.1.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "WSO2 Open Banking IAM",
"vendor": "WSO2",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "2.0.0.390",
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager",
"vendor": "WSO2",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "5.10.0.339",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.10.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eA username enumeration vulnerability exists in multiple WSO2 products when Multi-Attribute Login is enabled. In this configuration, the system returns a distinct \"User does not exist\" error message to the login form, regardless of the validate_username setting. This behavior allows malicious actors to determine which usernames exist in the system based on observable discrepancies in the application\u0027s responses.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cp\u003eExploitation of this vulnerability could aid in brute-force attacks, targeted phishing campaigns, or other social engineering techniques by confirming the validity of user identifiers within the system.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003c/b\u003e"
}
],
"value": "A username enumeration vulnerability exists in multiple WSO2 products when Multi-Attribute Login is enabled. In this configuration, the system returns a distinct \"User does not exist\" error message to the login form, regardless of the validate_username setting. This behavior allows malicious actors to determine which usernames exist in the system based on observable discrepancies in the application\u0027s responses.\n\n\nExploitation of this vulnerability could aid in brute-force attacks, targeted phishing campaigns, or other social engineering techniques by confirming the validity of user identifiers within the system."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 3.7,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-203",
"description": "CWE-203 Observable Discrepancy",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-09-26T08:19:45.872Z",
"orgId": "ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8",
"shortName": "WSO2"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2025/WSO2-2025-3983/"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cspan style=\"background-color: transparent;\"\u003eFollow the instructions given on \u003c/span\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2025/WSO2-2025-3983/#solution\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"background-color: transparent;\"\u003ehttps://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2025/WSO2-2025-3983/#solution\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e \u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Follow the instructions given on https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2025/WSO2-2025-3983/#solution https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2025/WSO2-2025-3983/#solution"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "WSO2-2025-3983",
"discovery": "INTERNAL"
},
"title": "Username Enumeration in Multiple WSO2 Products with Multi-Attribute Login Enabled",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8",
"assignerShortName": "WSO2",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-1396",
"datePublished": "2025-09-26T07:52:52.297Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-02-17T14:17:42.038Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-09-30T15:43:31.106Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2025-1468 (GCVE-0-2025-1468)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-18 11:03 – Updated: 2025-03-18 13:16
VLAI
Title
CODESYS Control V3 - OPC UA Server Authentication bypass
Summary
An unauthenticated remote attacker can gain access to sensitive information including authentication information when using CODESYS OPC UA Server with the non-default Basic128Rsa15 security policy.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-203 - Observable Discrepancy
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CODESYS | CODESYS Runtime Toolkit |
Affected:
0 , < 3.5.21.0
(semver)
|
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-1468",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-03-18T13:16:17.263313Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-18T13:16:26.068Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "CODESYS Runtime Toolkit",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.5.21.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"user": "00000000-0000-4000-9000-000000000000",
"value": "Tom Tervoort from Secura B.V."
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cspan style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003eAn unauthenticated remote attacker can gain access to sensitive information including authentication information when using CODESYS OPC UA Server with the non-default Basic128Rsa15 security policy.\u003c/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "An unauthenticated remote attacker can gain access to sensitive information including authentication information when using CODESYS OPC UA Server with the non-default Basic128Rsa15 security policy."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-203",
"description": "CWE-203 Observable Discrepancy",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-18T11:03:17.728Z",
"orgId": "270ccfa6-a436-4e77-922e-914ec3a9685c",
"shortName": "CERTVDE"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://cert.vde.com/en/advisories/VDE-2025-022"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "VDE-2025-022",
"defect": [
"CERT@VDE#641753"
],
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "CODESYS Control V3 - OPC UA Server Authentication bypass",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "270ccfa6-a436-4e77-922e-914ec3a9685c",
"assignerShortName": "CERTVDE",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-1468",
"datePublished": "2025-03-18T11:03:17.728Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-02-19T08:38:43.010Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-18T13:16:26.068Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2025-21336 (GCVE-0-2025-21336)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-14 18:04 – Updated: 2026-02-13 19:56
VLAI
Title
Windows Cryptographic Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Windows Cryptographic Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-203 - Observable Discrepancy
- CWE-noinfo Not enough information
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
25 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1507 |
Affected:
10.0.10240.0 , < 10.0.10240.20890
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7699
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.6775
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.5371
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.5371
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22621.0 , < 10.0.22621.4751
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.4751
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.4751
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.2894
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27520
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27520
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23070
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23070
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25273
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25273
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22371
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22371
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7699
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7699
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.6775
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.6775
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.3091
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1369
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.2894
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.2894
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-01-14 08:00
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-21336",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-01-14T21:15:20.313390Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"description": "CWE-noinfo Not enough information",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-01-23T21:05:20.822Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"platforms": [
"32-bit Systems",
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows 10 Version 1507",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.10240.20890",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.10240.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"32-bit Systems",
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows 10 Version 1607",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.14393.7699",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.14393.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"32-bit Systems",
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows 10 Version 1809",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.17763.6775",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.17763.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"32-bit Systems",
"ARM64-based Systems",
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows 10 Version 21H2",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.19044.5371",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.19044.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"32-bit Systems",
"ARM64-based Systems",
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows 10 Version 22H2",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.19045.5371",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.19045.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"ARM64-based Systems",
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows 11 version 22H2",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.22621.4751",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.22621.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"ARM64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows 11 version 22H3",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.22631.4751",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.22631.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows 11 Version 23H2",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.22631.4751",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.22631.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"ARM64-based Systems",
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows 11 Version 24H2",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.26100.2894",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.26100.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "6.1.7601.27520",
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.1.7601.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "6.1.7601.27520",
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.1.7601.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"32-bit Systems",
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "6.0.6003.23070",
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.0.6003.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"32-bit Systems",
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "6.0.6003.23070",
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.0.6003.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2012",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "6.2.9200.25273",
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.2.9200.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "6.2.9200.25273",
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.2.9200.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2012 R2",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "6.3.9600.22371",
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.3.9600.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "6.3.9600.22371",
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.3.9600.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2016",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.14393.7699",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.14393.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.14393.7699",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.14393.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2019",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.17763.6775",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.17763.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.17763.6775",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.17763.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2022",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.20348.3091",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.20348.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation)",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.25398.1369",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.25398.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2025",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.26100.2894",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.26100.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"x64-based Systems"
],
"product": "Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "10.0.26100.2894",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0.26100.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.17763.6775",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.17763.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.17763.6775",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.17763.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.17763.6775",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.17763.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.20348.3091",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.20348.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.19044.5371",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.19044.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.22621.4751",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.22621.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.19045.5371",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.19045.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26100.2894",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.26100.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.22631.4751",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.22631.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.22631.4751",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.22631.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.25398.1369",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.25398.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24H2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26100.2894",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.26100.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26100.2894",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.26100.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.10240.20890",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.10240.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.14393.7699",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.14393.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.14393.7699",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.14393.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.0.14393.7699",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.0.14393.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008_sp2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.0.6003.23070",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.0.6003.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008_sp2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.0.6003.23070",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.0.6003.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008_R2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.1.7601.27520",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.1.7601.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008_R2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.1.7601.27520",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.1.7601.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.2.9200.25273",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.2.9200.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.2.9200.25273",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.2.9200.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012_R2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.3.9600.22371",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.3.9600.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012_R2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.3.9600.22371",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.3.9600.0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"datePublic": "2025-01-14T08:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en-US",
"value": "Windows Cryptographic Information Disclosure Vulnerability"
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 5.6,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N/E:U/RL:O/RC:C",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en-US",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-203",
"description": "CWE-203: Observable Discrepancy",
"lang": "en-US",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-13T19:56:40.126Z",
"orgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
"shortName": "microsoft"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "Windows Cryptographic Information Disclosure Vulnerability",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21336"
}
],
"title": "Windows Cryptographic Information Disclosure Vulnerability"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
"assignerShortName": "microsoft",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-21336",
"datePublished": "2025-01-14T18:04:40.096Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-12-11T00:29:48.352Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-13T19:56:40.126Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-23182 (GCVE-0-2025-23182)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-22 15:30 – Updated: 2025-05-22 15:57
VLAI
Title
UBtech – CWE-203: Observable Discrepancy
Summary
CWE-203: Observable Discrepancy
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-203 - Observable Discrepancy
Assigner
References
1 reference
Date Public
2025-05-22 15:22
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-23182",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-05-22T15:57:47.883548Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-05-22T15:57:53.417Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Freepass",
"vendor": "UBtech",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.3.1807.1500"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Moriel Harush, Dudu Moyal"
}
],
"datePublic": "2025-05-22T15:22:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "CWE-203: Observable Discrepancy\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "CWE-203: Observable Discrepancy"
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 4.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-203",
"description": "CWE-203 Observable Discrepancy",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-05-22T15:30:03.242Z",
"orgId": "a57ee1ae-c9c1-4f40-aa7b-cf10760fde3f",
"shortName": "INCD"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.gov.il/en/departments/dynamiccollectors/cve_advisories_listing?skip=0"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "UBtech \u2013 CWE-203: Observable Discrepancy",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a57ee1ae-c9c1-4f40-aa7b-cf10760fde3f",
"assignerShortName": "INCD",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-23182",
"datePublished": "2025-05-22T15:30:03.242Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-01-12T08:45:19.975Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-05-22T15:57:53.417Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2025-24391 (GCVE-0-2025-24391)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-14 08:15 – Updated: 2025-07-14 12:58
VLAI
Title
Possible user enumeration
Summary
A vulnerability in the External Interface of OTRS allows conclusions to be drawn about the existence of user accounts through different HTTP response codes and messages. This enables an attacker to systematically identify valid email addresses.
This issue affects:
* OTRS 7.0.X
* OTRS 8.0.X
* OTRS 2023.X
* OTRS 2024.X
* OTRS 2025.X
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-203 - Observable Discrepancy
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-07-14 07:00
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-24391",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-07-14T12:57:40.250849Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-14T12:58:02.638Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"modules": [
"External Interface"
],
"product": "OTRS",
"vendor": "OTRS AG",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "7.0.x"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "8.0.x"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2023.x"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2024.x"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "2025.5.x",
"status": "affected",
"version": "2025.x",
"versionType": "Patch"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"value": "Special thanks to David Silva for reporting this vulnerability."
}
],
"datePublic": "2025-07-14T07:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "A vulnerability in the External Interface of OTRS allows conclusions to be drawn about the existence of user accounts through different HTTP response codes and messages. This enables an attacker to systematically identify valid email addresses.\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects: \u003c/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eOTRS 7.0.X\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eOTRS 8.0.X\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eOTRS 2023.X\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eOTRS 2024.X\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eOTRS 2025.X\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "A vulnerability in the External Interface of OTRS allows conclusions to be drawn about the existence of user accounts through different HTTP response codes and messages. This enables an attacker to systematically identify valid email addresses.\n\nThis issue affects: \n\n * OTRS 7.0.X\n\n * OTRS 8.0.X\n * OTRS 2023.X\n * OTRS 2024.X\n * OTRS 2025.X"
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-575",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-575 Account Footprinting"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 5.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-203",
"description": "CWE-203 Observable Discrepancy",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-14T08:15:58.668Z",
"orgId": "2e1bf29f-dc29-4ed8-830c-7b9348b6f0e8",
"shortName": "OTRS"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://otrs.com/release-notes/otrs-security-advisory-2025-07/"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Update to OTRS 2025.6.1. or later. Please note that there will be no OTRS 7 patches"
}
],
"value": "Update to OTRS 2025.6.1. or later. Please note that there will be no OTRS 7 patches"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "OSA-2025-07",
"defect": [
"Issue#3743",
"Ticket#2024121142001403"
],
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "Possible user enumeration",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "2e1bf29f-dc29-4ed8-830c-7b9348b6f0e8",
"assignerShortName": "OTRS",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-24391",
"datePublished": "2025-07-14T08:15:58.668Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-01-21T09:09:58.721Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-14T12:58:02.638Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2025-29780 (GCVE-0-2025-29780)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-14 17:26 – Updated: 2025-03-19 15:27
VLAI
Title
Post-Quantum Secure Feldman's Verifiable Secret Sharing has Timing Side-Channels in Matrix Operations
Summary
Post-Quantum Secure Feldman's Verifiable Secret Sharing provides a Python implementation of Feldman's Verifiable Secret Sharing (VSS) scheme. In versions 0.8.0b2 and prior, the `feldman_vss` library contains timing side-channel vulnerabilities in its matrix operations, specifically within the `_find_secure_pivot` function and potentially other parts of `_secure_matrix_solve`. These vulnerabilities are due to Python's execution model, which does not guarantee constant-time execution. An attacker with the ability to measure the execution time of these functions (e.g., through repeated calls with carefully crafted inputs) could potentially recover secret information used in the Verifiable Secret Sharing (VSS) scheme. The `_find_secure_pivot` function, used during Gaussian elimination in `_secure_matrix_solve`, attempts to find a non-zero pivot element. However, the conditional statement `if matrix[row][col] != 0 and row_random < min_value:` has execution time that depends on the value of `matrix[row][col]`. This timing difference can be exploited by an attacker. The `constant_time_compare` function in this file also does not provide a constant-time guarantee. The Python implementation of matrix operations in the _find_secure_pivot and _secure_matrix_solve functions cannot guarantee constant-time execution, potentially leaking information about secret polynomial coefficients. An attacker with the ability to make precise timing measurements of these operations could potentially extract secret information through statistical analysis of execution times, though practical exploitation would require significant expertise and controlled execution environments. Successful exploitation of these timing side-channels could allow an attacker to recover secret keys or other sensitive information protected by the VSS scheme. This could lead to a complete compromise of the shared secret. As of time of publication, no patched versions of Post-Quantum Secure Feldman's Verifiable Secret Sharing exist, but other mitigations are available. As acknowledged in the library's documentation, these vulnerabilities cannot be adequately addressed in pure Python. In the short term, consider using this library only in environments where timing measurements by attackers are infeasible. In the medium term, implement your own wrappers around critical operations using constant-time libraries in languages like Rust, Go, or C. In the long term, wait for the planned Rust implementation mentioned in the library documentation that will properly address these issues.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/DavidOsipov/PostQuantum-Feldma… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side-channel_attack | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.rambus.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DavidOsipov | PostQuantum-Feldman-VSS |
Affected:
<= 0.8.0b2
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-29780",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-03-17T13:53:56.748644Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-17T13:54:39.872Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "PostQuantum-Feldman-VSS",
"vendor": "DavidOsipov",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c= 0.8.0b2"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Post-Quantum Secure Feldman\u0027s Verifiable Secret Sharing provides a Python implementation of Feldman\u0027s Verifiable Secret Sharing (VSS) scheme. In versions 0.8.0b2 and prior, the `feldman_vss` library contains timing side-channel vulnerabilities in its matrix operations, specifically within the `_find_secure_pivot` function and potentially other parts of `_secure_matrix_solve`. These vulnerabilities are due to Python\u0027s execution model, which does not guarantee constant-time execution. An attacker with the ability to measure the execution time of these functions (e.g., through repeated calls with carefully crafted inputs) could potentially recover secret information used in the Verifiable Secret Sharing (VSS) scheme. The `_find_secure_pivot` function, used during Gaussian elimination in `_secure_matrix_solve`, attempts to find a non-zero pivot element. However, the conditional statement `if matrix[row][col] != 0 and row_random \u003c min_value:` has execution time that depends on the value of `matrix[row][col]`. This timing difference can be exploited by an attacker. The `constant_time_compare` function in this file also does not provide a constant-time guarantee. The Python implementation of matrix operations in the _find_secure_pivot and _secure_matrix_solve functions cannot guarantee constant-time execution, potentially leaking information about secret polynomial coefficients. An attacker with the ability to make precise timing measurements of these operations could potentially extract secret information through statistical analysis of execution times, though practical exploitation would require significant expertise and controlled execution environments. Successful exploitation of these timing side-channels could allow an attacker to recover secret keys or other sensitive information protected by the VSS scheme. This could lead to a complete compromise of the shared secret. As of time of publication, no patched versions of Post-Quantum Secure Feldman\u0027s Verifiable Secret Sharing exist, but other mitigations are available. As acknowledged in the library\u0027s documentation, these vulnerabilities cannot be adequately addressed in pure Python. In the short term, consider using this library only in environments where timing measurements by attackers are infeasible. In the medium term, implement your own wrappers around critical operations using constant-time libraries in languages like Rust, Go, or C. In the long term, wait for the planned Rust implementation mentioned in the library documentation that will properly address these issues."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"baseScore": 5.8,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-203",
"description": "CWE-203: Observable Discrepancy",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-208",
"description": "CWE-208: Observable Timing Discrepancy",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-385",
"description": "CWE-385: Covert Timing Channel",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-19T15:27:58.698Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/DavidOsipov/PostQuantum-Feldman-VSS/security/advisories/GHSA-q65w-fg65-79f4",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/DavidOsipov/PostQuantum-Feldman-VSS/security/advisories/GHSA-q65w-fg65-79f4"
},
{
"name": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side-channel_attack",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side-channel_attack"
},
{
"name": "https://www.rambus.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/TimingAttacks.pdf",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://www.rambus.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/TimingAttacks.pdf"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-q65w-fg65-79f4",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Post-Quantum Secure Feldman\u0027s Verifiable Secret Sharing has Timing Side-Channels in Matrix Operations"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-29780",
"datePublished": "2025-03-14T17:26:58.453Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-03-11T14:23:00.475Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-19T15:27:58.698Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2025-31124 (GCVE-0-2025-31124)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-31 19:38 – Updated: 2025-03-31 22:26
VLAI
Title
Zitadel allows User Enumeration by loginname attribute normalization
Summary
Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. ZITADEL administrators can enable a setting called "Ignoring unknown usernames" which helps mitigate attacks that try to guess/enumerate usernames. If enabled, ZITADEL will show the password prompt even if the user doesn't exist and report "Username or Password invalid". While the setting was correctly respected during the login flow, the user's username was normalized leading to a disclosure of the user's existence. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.71.6, 2.70.8, 2.69.9, 2.68.9, 2.67.13, 2.66.16, 2.65.7, 2.64.6, and 2.63.9.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
11 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/14de8ec… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.63.9 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.64.6 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.65.7 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.68.9 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.69.9 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.70.8 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.71.6 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| zitadel | zitadel |
Affected:
>= 2.62.0, < 2.63.9
Affected: >= 2.64.0-rc.1, < 2.64.6 Affected: >= 2.65.0-rc.1, < 2.65.7 Affected: >= 2.66.0-rc.1, < 2.66.16 Affected: >= 2.67.0-rc.1, < 2.67.13 Affected: >= 2.68.0-rc.1, < 2.68.9 Affected: >= 2.69.0-rc.1, < 2.69.9 Affected: >= 2.70.0-rc.1, < 2.70.8 Affected: >= 2.71.0-rc.1, < 2.71.6 |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-31124",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-03-31T22:26:27.377115Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-31T22:26:39.989Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "zitadel",
"vendor": "zitadel",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 2.62.0, \u003c 2.63.9"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 2.64.0-rc.1, \u003c 2.64.6"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 2.65.0-rc.1, \u003c 2.65.7"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 2.66.0-rc.1, \u003c 2.66.16"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 2.67.0-rc.1, \u003c 2.67.13"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 2.68.0-rc.1, \u003c 2.68.9"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 2.69.0-rc.1, \u003c 2.69.9"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 2.70.0-rc.1, \u003c 2.70.8"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 2.71.0-rc.1, \u003c 2.71.6"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. ZITADEL administrators can enable a setting called \"Ignoring unknown usernames\" which helps mitigate attacks that try to guess/enumerate usernames. If enabled, ZITADEL will show the password prompt even if the user doesn\u0027t exist and report \"Username or Password invalid\". While the setting was correctly respected during the login flow, the user\u0027s username was normalized leading to a disclosure of the user\u0027s existence. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.71.6, 2.70.8, 2.69.9, 2.68.9, 2.67.13, 2.66.16, 2.65.7, 2.64.6, and 2.63.9."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 5.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-203",
"description": "CWE-203: Observable Discrepancy",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-204",
"description": "CWE-204: Observable Response Discrepancy",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-200",
"description": "CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-31T19:38:12.235Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-67m4-8g4w-633q",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-67m4-8g4w-633q"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/14de8ecac2afafee4975ed7ac26f3ca4a2b0f82c",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/14de8ecac2afafee4975ed7ac26f3ca4a2b0f82c"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.63.9",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.63.9"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.64.6",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.64.6"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.65.7",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.65.7"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.66.16",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.66.16"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.67.13",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.67.13"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.68.9",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.68.9"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.69.9",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.69.9"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.70.8",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.70.8"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.71.6",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.71.6"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-67m4-8g4w-633q",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Zitadel allows User Enumeration by loginname attribute normalization"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-31124",
"datePublished": "2025-03-31T19:38:12.235Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-03-26T15:04:52.626Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-31T22:26:39.989Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
Mitigation ID: MIT-46
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
Description:
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
Mitigation ID: MIT-39
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
- If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
- Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
CAPEC-189: Black Box Reverse Engineering
An adversary discovers the structure, function, and composition of a type of computer software through black box analysis techniques. 'Black Box' methods involve interacting with the software indirectly, in the absence of direct access to the executable object. Such analysis typically involves interacting with the software at the boundaries of where the software interfaces with a larger execution environment, such as input-output vectors, libraries, or APIs. Black Box Reverse Engineering also refers to gathering physical side effects of a hardware device, such as electromagnetic radiation or sounds.