CWE-284

Improper Access Control

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

CVE-2024-37882 (GCVE-0-2024-37882)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-14 15:28 – Updated: 2024-08-02 03:57
VLAI
Title
Nextcloud Server can reshare read&share only folder with more permissions
Summary
Nextcloud Server is a self hosted personal cloud system. A recipient of a share with read&share permissions could reshare the item with more permissions. It is recommended that the Nextcloud Server is upgraded to 26.0.13 or 27.1.8 or 28.0.4 and that the Nextcloud Enterprise Server is upgraded to 26.0.13 or 27.1.8 or 28.0.4.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nextcloud security-advisories Affected: >= 26.0.0, < 26.0.13
Affected: >= 27.0.0, < 27.1.8
Affected: >= 28.0.0, < 28.0.4
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-37883 (GCVE-0-2024-37883)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-14 15:33 – Updated: 2024-08-02 03:57
VLAI
Title
Nextcloud Deck can access comments and attachments of deleted cards
Summary
Nextcloud Deck is a kanban style organization tool aimed at personal planning and project organization for teams integrated with Nextcloud. A user with access to a deck board was able to access comments and attachments of already deleted cards. It is recommended that the Nextcloud Deck app is upgraded to 1.6.6 or 1.7.5 or 1.8.7 or 1.9.6 or 1.11.3 or 1.12.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nextcloud security-advisories Affected: >= 1.6.0, < 1.6.6
Affected: >= 1.7.0, < 1.7.5
Affected: >= 1.8.0, < 1.8.7
Affected: >= 1.9.0, < 1.9.6
Affected: >= 1.10.0, < 1.11.3
Affected: >= 1.11.0, < 1.12.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-37884 (GCVE-0-2024-37884)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-14 15:36 – Updated: 2024-09-03 16:01
VLAI
Title
Nextcloud Server's users can delete old versions of read-only shared files
Summary
Nextcloud Server is a self hosted personal cloud system. A malicious user was able to send delete requests for old versions of files they only got shared with read permissions. It is recommended that the Nextcloud Server is upgraded to 26.0.12 or 27.1.7 or 28.0.3 and that the Nextcloud Enterprise Server is upgraded to 26.0.12 or 27.1.7 or 28.0.3.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nextcloud security-advisories Affected: >= 26.0.0, < 26.0.13
Affected: >= 27.0.0, < 27.1.8
Affected: >= 28.0.0, < 28.0.4
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-37887 (GCVE-0-2024-37887)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-14 15:48 – Updated: 2024-08-02 03:57
VLAI
Title
Nextcloud Server's events information leaked with shared calendars on recurrence exceptions
Summary
Nextcloud Server is a self hosted personal cloud system. Private shared calendar events' recurrence exceptions can be read by sharees. It is recommended that the Nextcloud Server is upgraded to 27.1.10 or 28.0.6 or 29.0.1 and that the Nextcloud Enterprise Server is upgraded to 27.1.10 or 28.0.6 or 29.0.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nextcloud security-advisories Affected: >= 27.0.0, < 27.1.10
Affected: >= 27.0.0, < 28.0.6
Affected: >= 27.0.0, < 29.0.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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        }
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          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/nextcloud/security-advisories/security/advisories/GHSA-h4xv-cjpm-j595"
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          "name": "https://github.com/nextcloud/server/pull/45309",
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        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
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      "title": "Nextcloud Server\u0027s events information leaked with shared calendars on recurrence exceptions"
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CVE-2024-37905 (GCVE-0-2024-37905)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-28 17:09 – Updated: 2024-08-02 04:04
VLAI
Title
Improper Access Control and Incorrect Authorization in github.com/goauthentik/authentik
Summary
authentik is an open-source Identity Provider that emphasizes flexibility and versatility. Authentik API-Access-Token mechanism can be exploited to gain admin user privileges. A successful exploit of the issue will result in a user gaining full admin access to the Authentik application, including resetting user passwords and more. This issue has been patched in version(s) 2024.2.4, 2024.4.2 and 2024.6.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
goauthentik authentik Affected: < 2024.6.0
Affected: < 2024.4.2
Affected: < 2024.2.4
Create a notification for this product.
goauthentik authentik Affected: 0 , < 2024.6.0 (custom)
Affected: 0 , < 2024.4.2 (custom)
Affected: 0 , < 2024.2.4 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:goauthentik:authentik:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
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CVE-2024-37993 (GCVE-0-2024-37993)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-10 09:36 – Updated: 2024-09-10 15:04
VLAI
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC Reader RF610R CMIIT (6GT2811-6BC10-2AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF610R ETSI (6GT2811-6BC10-0AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF610R FCC (6GT2811-6BC10-1AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF615R CMIIT (6GT2811-6CC10-2AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF615R ETSI (6GT2811-6CC10-0AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF615R FCC (6GT2811-6CC10-1AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF650R ARIB (6GT2811-6AB20-4AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF650R CMIIT (6GT2811-6AB20-2AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF650R ETSI (6GT2811-6AB20-0AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF650R FCC (6GT2811-6AB20-1AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF680R ARIB (6GT2811-6AA10-4AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF680R CMIIT (6GT2811-6AA10-2AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF680R ETSI (6GT2811-6AA10-0AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF680R FCC (6GT2811-6AA10-1AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF685R ARIB (6GT2811-6CA10-4AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF685R CMIIT (6GT2811-6CA10-2AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF685R ETSI (6GT2811-6CA10-0AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF685R FCC (6GT2811-6CA10-1AA0) (All versions < V4.2), SIMATIC RF1140R (6GT2831-6CB00) (All versions < V1.1), SIMATIC RF1170R (6GT2831-6BB00) (All versions < V1.1), SIMATIC RF166C (6GT2002-0EE20) (All versions < V2.2), SIMATIC RF185C (6GT2002-0JE10) (All versions < V2.2), SIMATIC RF186C (6GT2002-0JE20) (All versions < V2.2), SIMATIC RF186CI (6GT2002-0JE50) (All versions < V2.2), SIMATIC RF188C (6GT2002-0JE40) (All versions < V2.2), SIMATIC RF188CI (6GT2002-0JE60) (All versions < V2.2), SIMATIC RF360R (6GT2801-5BA30) (All versions < V2.2). The affected applications do not authenticated the creation of Ajax2App instances. This could allow an unauthenticated attacker to cause a denial of service condition.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF610R CMIIT Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF610R ETSI Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF610R FCC Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF615R CMIIT Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF615R ETSI Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF615R FCC Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF650R ARIB Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF650R CMIIT Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF650R ETSI Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF650R FCC Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF680R ARIB Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF680R CMIIT Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF680R ETSI Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF680R FCC Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF685R ARIB Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF685R CMIIT Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF685R ETSI Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Reader RF685R FCC Affected: 0 , < V4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC RF1140R Affected: 0 , < V1.1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC RF1170R Affected: 0 , < V1.1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC RF166C Affected: 0 , < V2.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC RF185C Affected: 0 , < V2.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC RF186C Affected: 0 , < V2.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC RF186CI Affected: 0 , < V2.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC RF188C Affected: 0 , < V2.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC RF188CI Affected: 0 , < V2.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC RF360R Affected: 0 , < V2.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
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          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
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          "vendor": "Siemens",
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          "value": "A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC Reader RF610R CMIIT (6GT2811-6BC10-2AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF610R ETSI (6GT2811-6BC10-0AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF610R FCC (6GT2811-6BC10-1AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF615R CMIIT (6GT2811-6CC10-2AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF615R ETSI (6GT2811-6CC10-0AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF615R FCC (6GT2811-6CC10-1AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF650R ARIB (6GT2811-6AB20-4AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF650R CMIIT (6GT2811-6AB20-2AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF650R ETSI (6GT2811-6AB20-0AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF650R FCC (6GT2811-6AB20-1AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF680R ARIB (6GT2811-6AA10-4AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF680R CMIIT (6GT2811-6AA10-2AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF680R ETSI (6GT2811-6AA10-0AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF680R FCC (6GT2811-6AA10-1AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF685R ARIB (6GT2811-6CA10-4AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF685R CMIIT (6GT2811-6CA10-2AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF685R ETSI (6GT2811-6CA10-0AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC Reader RF685R FCC (6GT2811-6CA10-1AA0) (All versions \u003c V4.2), SIMATIC RF1140R (6GT2831-6CB00) (All versions \u003c V1.1), SIMATIC RF1170R (6GT2831-6BB00) (All versions \u003c V1.1), SIMATIC RF166C (6GT2002-0EE20) (All versions \u003c V2.2), SIMATIC RF185C (6GT2002-0JE10) (All versions \u003c V2.2), SIMATIC RF186C (6GT2002-0JE20) (All versions \u003c V2.2), SIMATIC RF186CI (6GT2002-0JE50) (All versions \u003c V2.2), SIMATIC RF188C (6GT2002-0JE40) (All versions \u003c V2.2), SIMATIC RF188CI (6GT2002-0JE60) (All versions \u003c V2.2), SIMATIC RF360R (6GT2801-5BA30) (All versions \u003c V2.2). The affected applications do not authenticated the creation of Ajax2App instances. This could allow an unauthenticated attacker to cause a denial of service condition."
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CVE-2024-38016 (GCVE-0-2024-38016)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-19 17:09 – Updated: 2024-12-31 23:03
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Office Visio Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Microsoft Office Visio Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 Affected: 16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise Affected: 16.0.1 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Office 2019 Affected: 19.0.0 , < https://aka.ms/OfficeSecurityReleases (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Microsoft Visio 2016 Affected: 16.0.1 , < 16.0.5465.1001 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2024-09-19 07:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-38061 (GCVE-0-2024-38061)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-09 17:02 – Updated: 2026-02-10 23:34
VLAI
Title
DCOM Remote Cross-Session Activation Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
DCOM Remote Cross-Session Activation Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 Affected: 10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.6054 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2019 Affected: 10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.6054 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.6054 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2022 Affected: 10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.2582 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 version 21H2 Affected: 10.0.0 , < 10.0.22000.3079 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 21H2 Affected: 10.0.19043.0 , < 10.0.19044.4651 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H2 Affected: 10.0.22621.0 , < 10.0.22621.3880 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 22H2 Affected: 10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.4651 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H3 Affected: 10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.3880 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 23H2 Affected: 10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.3880 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1009 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1507 Affected: 10.0.10240.0 , < 10.0.10240.20710 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1607 Affected: 10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7159 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2016 Affected: 10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7159 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7159 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 Affected: 6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27219 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) Affected: 6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27219 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 Affected: 6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.24975 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) Affected: 6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.24975 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 Affected: 6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22074 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) Affected: 6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22074 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2024-07-09 07:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-38100 (GCVE-0-2024-38100)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-09 17:02 – Updated: 2026-02-10 23:34
VLAI
Title
Windows File Explorer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Windows File Explorer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Windows Server 2019 Affected: 10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.6054 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.6054 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2022 Affected: 10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.2582 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1009 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2016 Affected: 10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7159 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.7159 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2024-07-09 07:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-38162 (GCVE-0-2024-38162)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-08-13 17:30 – Updated: 2025-07-10 16:33
VLAI
Title
Azure Connected Machine Agent Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Azure Connected Machine Agent Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Azure Connected Machine Agent Affected: 1.0.0 , < 1.44 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2024-08-13 07:00
Show details on NVD website

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            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en-US",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-284",
              "description": "CWE-284: Improper Access Control",
              "lang": "en-US",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-07-10T16:33:38.167Z",
        "orgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
        "shortName": "microsoft"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "Azure Connected Machine Agent Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-38162"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Azure Connected Machine Agent Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
    "assignerShortName": "microsoft",
    "cveId": "CVE-2024-38162",
    "datePublished": "2024-08-13T17:30:24.968Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-06-11T22:36:08.211Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-07-10T16:33:38.167Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Mitigation ID: MIT-1

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Description:

  • Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation ID: MIT-46

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

Description:

  • Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts

An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.

CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion

An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.

CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.

CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate

An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.

CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof

An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.

CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure

An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.

CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration

An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.

CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment

An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.

CAPEC-550: Install New Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.

CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.

CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.

CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers

When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.

CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable

An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.

CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File

An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.

CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot

An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.

CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon

Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.

CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.

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