CWE-444
Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.
CVE-2023-47627 (GCVE-0-2023-47627)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-14 20:48 – Updated: 2025-11-03 20:36
VLAI
Title
Request smuggling in aiohttp
Summary
aiohttp is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. The HTTP parser in AIOHTTP has numerous problems with header parsing, which could lead to request smuggling. This parser is only used when AIOHTTP_NO_EXTENSIONS is enabled (or not using a prebuilt wheel). These bugs have been addressed in commit `d5c12ba89` which has been included in release version 3.8.6. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for these issues.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
6 references
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CVE-2023-47641 (GCVE-0-2023-47641)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-14 20:44 – Updated: 2025-11-03 20:36
VLAI
Title
Inconsistent interpretation of `Content-Length` vs. `Transfer-Encoding` in aiohttp
Summary
aiohttp is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Affected versions of aiohttp have a security vulnerability regarding the inconsistent interpretation of the http protocol. HTTP/1.1 is a persistent protocol, if both Content-Length(CL) and Transfer-Encoding(TE) header values are present it can lead to incorrect interpretation of two entities that parse the HTTP and we can poison other sockets with this incorrect interpretation. A possible Proof-of-Concept (POC) would be a configuration with a reverse proxy(frontend) that accepts both CL and TE headers and aiohttp as backend. As aiohttp parses anything with chunked, we can pass a chunked123 as TE, the frontend entity will ignore this header and will parse Content-Length. The impact of this vulnerability is that it is possible to bypass any proxy rule, poisoning sockets to other users like passing Authentication Headers, also if it is present an Open Redirect an attacker could combine it to redirect random users to another website and log the request. This vulnerability has been addressed in release 3.8.0 of aiohttp. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
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| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025… |
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CVE-2023-49584 (GCVE-0-2023-49584)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-12-12 01:35 – Updated: 2025-05-24 10:27
VLAI
Title
Client-Side Desynchronization vulnerability in SAP Fiori Launchpad
Summary
SAP Fiori launchpad - versions SAP_UI 750, SAP_UI 754, SAP_UI 755, SAP_UI 756, SAP_UI 757, SAP_UI 758, UI_700 200, SAP_BASIS 793, allows an attacker to use HTTP verb POST on read-only service causing low impact on Confidentiality of the application.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SAP_SE | SAP Fiori Launchpad |
Affected:
SAP_UI 750
Affected: SAP_UI 754 Affected: SAP_UI 755 Affected: SAP_UI 756 Affected: SAP_UI 757 Affected: SAP_UI 758 Affected: UI_700 200 Affected: SAP_BASIS 793 |
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CVE-2023-51701 (GCVE-0-2023-51701)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-01-08 13:55 – Updated: 2025-06-03 14:37
VLAI
Title
@fastify-reply-from JSON Content-Type parsing confusion
Summary
fastify-reply-from is a Fastify plugin to forward the current HTTP request to another server. A reverse proxy server built with `@fastify/reply-from` could misinterpret the incoming body by passing an header `ContentType: application/json ; charset=utf-8`. This can lead to bypass of security checks. This vulnerability has been patched in '@fastify/reply-from` version 9.6.0.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/fastify/fastify-reply-from/sec… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/fastify/fastify-reply-from/rel… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| fastify | fastify-reply-from |
Affected:
< 9.6.0
|
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CVE-2023-53878 (GCVE-0-2023-53878)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-15 20:28 – Updated: 2026-05-12 20:46
VLAI
Title
Member Login Script 3.3 Client-Side Request Desynchronization Vulnerability
Summary
Member Login Script 3.3 contains a client-side desynchronization vulnerability that allows attackers to manipulate HTTP request handling by exploiting Content-Length header parsing. Attackers can send crafted POST requests with smuggled secondary requests to potentially bypass server-side request processing controls.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/51710 | exploit |
| https://www.phpjabbers.com/member-login-script/ | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/member-login… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phpjabbers | Member Login Script |
Affected:
3.3
|
Date Public
2023-09-04 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2024-10264 (GCVE-0-2024-10264)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-20 10:10 – Updated: 2025-03-20 18:31
VLAI
Title
HTTP Request Smuggling in netease-youdao/qanything
Summary
HTTP Request Smuggling vulnerability in netease-youdao/qanything version 1.4.1 allows attackers to exploit inconsistencies in the interpretation of HTTP requests between a proxy and a server. This can lead to unauthorized access, bypassing security controls, session hijacking, data leakage, and potentially arbitrary code execution.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| netease-youdao | netease-youdao/qanything |
Affected:
unspecified , ≤ latest
(custom)
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CVE-2024-1135 (GCVE-0-2024-1135)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-16 00:00 – Updated: 2025-02-13 17:27
VLAI
Title
HTTP Request Smuggling in benoitc/gunicorn
Summary
Gunicorn fails to properly validate Transfer-Encoding headers, leading to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS) vulnerabilities. By crafting requests with conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, attackers can bypass security restrictions and access restricted endpoints. This issue is due to Gunicorn's handling of Transfer-Encoding headers, where it incorrectly processes requests with multiple, conflicting Transfer-Encoding headers, treating them as chunked regardless of the final encoding specified. This vulnerability allows for a range of attacks including cache poisoning, session manipulation, and data exposure.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| benoitc | benoitc/gunicorn |
Affected:
unspecified , ≤ latest
(custom)
|
|
| benoitc | gunicorn |
Affected:
*
cpe:2.3:a:benoitc:gunicorn:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-12397 (GCVE-0-2024-12397)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-12 09:05 – Updated: 2026-01-28 15:45
VLAI
Title
Io.quarkus.http/quarkus-http-core: quarkus http cookie smuggling
Summary
A flaw was found in Quarkus-HTTP, which incorrectly parses cookies with
certain value-delimiting characters in incoming requests. This issue could
allow an attacker to construct a cookie value to exfiltrate HttpOnly cookie
values or spoof arbitrary additional cookie values, leading to unauthorized
data access or modification. The main threat from this flaw impacts data
confidentiality and integrity.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:0900 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:3018 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8761 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-12397 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2331298 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
16 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Affected:
0 , < 5.3.4
(semver)
|
|||
| Red Hat | Cryostat 4 on RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0.5.0-6 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:cryostat:4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Cryostat 4 on RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
4.0.0-7 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:cryostat:4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | HawtIO HawtIO 4.2.0 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_hawtio:4.2::el6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Quarkus 3.15.3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:quarkus:3.15::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Cryostat 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:cryostat:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4 for Quarkus 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:camel_quarkus:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_registry:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Build of Keycloak |
cpe:/a:redhat:build_keycloak: |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of OptaPlanner 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:optaplanner:::el6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Integration Camel K 1 |
cpe:/a:redhat:integration:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Process Automation 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | streams for Apache Kafka |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:1 |
Date Public
2024-12-10 00:00
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CVE-2024-21647 (GCVE-0-2024-21647)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-01-08 13:45 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:53
VLAI
Title
HTTP Request/Response Smuggling in puma
Summary
Puma is a web server for Ruby/Rack applications built for parallelism. Prior to version 6.4.2, puma exhibited incorrect behavior when parsing chunked transfer encoding bodies in a way that allowed HTTP request smuggling. Fixed versions limits the size of chunk extensions. Without this limit, an attacker could cause unbounded resource (CPU, network bandwidth) consumption. This vulnerability has been fixed in versions 6.4.2 and 5.6.8.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/puma/puma/security/advisories/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/puma/puma/commit/5fc43d73b6ff1… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024… |
Impacted products
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CVE-2024-22279 (GCVE-0-2024-22279)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-10 19:47 – Updated: 2024-08-01 22:43
VLAI
Title
GoRouter Denial of Service Attack
Summary
Improper handling of requests in Routing Release > v0.273.0 and <= v0.297.0 allows an unauthenticated attacker to degrade
the service availability of the Cloud Foundry deployment if performed at scale.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
SSVC
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CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cloud Foundry | Routing Release |
Affected:
v0.273.0 , ≤ v0.297.0
(custom)
|
Date Public
2024-06-05 08:01
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"url": "https://www.cloudfoundry.org/blog/cve-2024-22279-gorouter-denial-of-service-attack/"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "GoRouter Denial of Service Attack",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "dcf2e128-44bd-42ed-91e8-88f912c1401d",
"assignerShortName": "vmware",
"cveId": "CVE-2024-22279",
"datePublished": "2024-06-10T19:47:43.939Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-01-08T18:43:18.959Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-01T22:43:34.216Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Use a web server that employs a strict HTTP parsing procedure, such as Apache [REF-433].
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Use only SSL communication.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Terminate the client session after each request.
Mitigation
Phase: System Configuration
Description:
- Turn all pages to non-cacheable.
CAPEC-273: HTTP Response Smuggling
['An adversary manipulates and injects malicious content in the form of secret unauthorized HTTP responses, into a single HTTP response from a vulnerable or compromised back-end HTTP agent (e.g., server).', 'See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.']
CAPEC-33: HTTP Request Smuggling
['An adversary abuses the flexibility and discrepancies in the parsing and interpretation of HTTP Request messages using various HTTP headers, request-line and body parameters as well as message sizes (denoted by the end of message signaled by a given HTTP header) by different intermediary HTTP agents (e.g., load balancer, reverse proxy, web caching proxies, application firewalls, etc.) to secretly send unauthorized and malicious HTTP requests to a back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server).', 'See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.']