CWE-444

Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')

The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.

CVE-2022-36760 (GCVE-0-2022-36760)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-01-17 19:11 – Updated: 2025-04-04 18:08
VLAI
Title
Apache HTTP Server: mod_proxy_ajp Possible request smuggling
Summary
Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling') vulnerability in mod_proxy_ajp of Apache HTTP Server allows an attacker to smuggle requests to the AJP server it forwards requests to. This issue affects Apache HTTP Server Apache HTTP Server 2.4 version 2.4.54 and prior versions.
Severity
9 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling')
  • CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache HTTP Server Affected: 2.4 , ≤ 2.4.54 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
ZeddYu_Lu from Qi'anxin Research Institute of Legendsec at Qi'anxin Group
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-38114 (GCVE-0-2022-38114)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-11-23 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-25 20:28
VLAI
Title
Client-Side Desync Vulnerability
Summary
This vulnerability occurs when a web server fails to correctly process the Content-Length of POST requests. This can lead to HTTP request smuggling or XSS.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling')
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SolarWinds SolarWinds SEM Affected: 2022.2 and previous versions , < 2022.4 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
SolarWinds would like to thank Ken Pyle of CYBIR for disclosing this vulnerability to us responsibly.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-39163 (GCVE-0-2022-39163)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-26 13:51 – Updated: 2025-08-15 15:22
VLAI
Title
IBM Cognos Controller HTTP response smuggling
Summary
IBM Cognos Controller 11.0.0 through 11.1.0 is vulnerable to a Client-Side Desync (CSD) attack where an attacker could exploit a desynchronized browser connection that could lead to further cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
ibm
References
URL Tags
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7192746 vendor-advisorypatch
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM Cognos Controller Affected: 11.0.0 , ≤ 11.0.1 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:controller:11.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:controller:11.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:controller:11.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
IBM Controller Affected: 11.1.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-42252 (GCVE-0-2022-42252)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-11-01 00:00 – Updated: 2025-05-06 15:09
VLAI
Title
Apache Tomcat request smuggling via malformed content-length
Summary
If Apache Tomcat 8.5.0 to 8.5.82, 9.0.0-M1 to 9.0.67, 10.0.0-M1 to 10.0.26 or 10.1.0-M1 to 10.1.0 was configured to ignore invalid HTTP headers via setting rejectIllegalHeader to false (the default for 8.5.x only), Tomcat did not reject a request containing an invalid Content-Length header making a request smuggling attack possible if Tomcat was located behind a reverse proxy that also failed to reject the request with the invalid header.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache Tomcat Affected: 10.1.0-M1 , ≤ 10.1.0 (maven)
Affected: 10.0.0-M1 , ≤ 10.0.26 (maven)
Affected: 9.0.0-M1 , ≤ 9.0.67 (maven)
Affected: 8.5.0 , ≤ 8.5.82 (maven)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Thanks to Sam Shahsavar who discovered this issue and reported it to the Apache Tomcat security team.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-23691 (GCVE-0-2023-23691)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-01-20 07:16 – Updated: 2025-04-02 13:38
VLAI
Summary
Dell EMC PV ME5, versions ME5.1.0.0.0 and ME5.1.0.1.0, contains a Client-side desync Vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability to force a victim's browser to desynchronize its connection with the website, typically leading to XSS and DoS.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Dell Dell PowerVault ME5 Affected: 0 , < ME5.1.1.0.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-01-17 06:30
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-25690 (GCVE-0-2023-25690)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-03-07 15:09 – Updated: 2025-12-18 15:37
VLAI
Title
Apache HTTP Server: HTTP request splitting with mod_rewrite and mod_proxy
Summary
Some mod_proxy configurations on Apache HTTP Server versions 2.4.0 through 2.4.55 allow a HTTP Request Smuggling attack. Configurations are affected when mod_proxy is enabled along with some form of RewriteRule or ProxyPassMatch in which a non-specific pattern matches some portion of the user-supplied request-target (URL) data and is then re-inserted into the proxied request-target using variable substitution. For example, something like: RewriteEngine on RewriteRule "^/here/(.*)" "http://example.com:8080/elsewhere?$1"; [P] ProxyPassReverse /here/ http://example.com:8080/ Request splitting/smuggling could result in bypass of access controls in the proxy server, proxying unintended URLs to existing origin servers, and cache poisoning. Users are recommended to update to at least version 2.4.56 of Apache HTTP Server.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache HTTP Server Affected: 2.4.0 , ≤ 2.4.55 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Lars Krapf of Adobe
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-27522 (GCVE-0-2023-27522)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-03-07 15:09 – Updated: 2025-02-13 16:45
VLAI
Title
Apache HTTP Server: mod_proxy_uwsgi HTTP response splitting
Summary
HTTP Response Smuggling vulnerability in Apache HTTP Server via mod_proxy_uwsgi. This issue affects Apache HTTP Server: from 2.4.30 through 2.4.55. Special characters in the origin response header can truncate/split the response forwarded to the client.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Responses ('HTTP Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache HTTP Server Affected: 2.4.30 , ≤ 2.4.55 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
apache http_server Affected: 2.4.30 , ≤ 2.4.55 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:apache:http_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Dimas Fariski Setyawan Putra (nyxsorcerer)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-30910 (GCVE-0-2023-30910)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-09 15:04 – Updated: 2024-09-19 13:50
VLAI
Summary
HPE MSA Controller prior to version IN210R004 could be remotely exploited to allow inconsistent interpretation of HTTP requests. 
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling')
Assigner
hpe
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Hewlett Packer Enterprise (HPE) HPE MSA Controller Affected: 0 , < IN210R004 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-33193 (GCVE-0-2023-33193)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-05-30 05:24 – Updated: 2025-01-10 19:48
VLAI
Title
Emby Server Proxy Header Spoofing Vulnerability
Summary
Emby Server is a user-installable home media server which stores and organizes a user's media files of virtually any format and makes them available for viewing at home and abroad on a broad range of client devices. This vulnerability may allow administrative access to an Emby Server system, depending on certain user account settings. By spoofing certain headers which are intended for interoperation with reverse proxy servers, it may be possible to affect the local/non-local network determination to allow logging in without password or to view a list of user accounts which may have no password configured. Impacted are all Emby Server system which are publicly accessible and where the administrator hasn't tightened the account login configuration for administrative users. This issue has been patched in Emby Server Beta version 4.8.31 and Emby Server version 4.7.12.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
EmbySupport security Affected: < 4.7.12
Affected: < 4.8.31
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-33934 (GCVE-0-2023-33934)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-09 06:58 – Updated: 2025-02-13 16:55
VLAI
Title
Apache Traffic Server: Differential fuzzing for HTTP request parsing discrepancies
Summary
Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Software Foundation Apache Traffic Server.This issue affects Apache Traffic Server: through 9.2.1.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache Traffic Server Affected: 0 , ≤ 9.2.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
apache traffic_server Affected: 8.0.0 , ≤ 8.1.7 (custom)
Affected: 9.0.0 , ≤ 9.2.1 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:apache:traffic_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Bahruz Jabiyev, Anthony Gavazzi, Engin Kirda, Kaan Onarlioglu, Adi Peleg, Harvey Tuch
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • Use a web server that employs a strict HTTP parsing procedure, such as Apache [REF-433].
Mitigation

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • Use only SSL communication.
Mitigation

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • Terminate the client session after each request.
Mitigation

Phase: System Configuration

Description:

  • Turn all pages to non-cacheable.
CAPEC-273: HTTP Response Smuggling

['An adversary manipulates and injects malicious content in the form of secret unauthorized HTTP responses, into a single HTTP response from a vulnerable or compromised back-end HTTP agent (e.g., server).', 'See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.']

CAPEC-33: HTTP Request Smuggling

['An adversary abuses the flexibility and discrepancies in the parsing and interpretation of HTTP Request messages using various HTTP headers, request-line and body parameters as well as message sizes (denoted by the end of message signaled by a given HTTP header) by different intermediary HTTP agents (e.g., load balancer, reverse proxy, web caching proxies, application firewalls, etc.) to secretly send unauthorized and malicious HTTP requests to a back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server).', 'See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.']

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