CWE-444
Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.
CVE-2024-23316 (GCVE-0-2024-23316)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-31 19:08 – Updated: 2024-08-01 22:59
VLAI
Title
PingAccess HTTP Request Desynchronization Weakness
Summary
HTTP request desynchronization in Ping Identity PingAccess, all versions prior to 8.0.1 affected allows an attacker to send specially crafted http header requests to create a request smuggling condition for proxied requests.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ping Identity | PingAccess |
Affected:
0 , < 8.0.1
(custom)
|
|
| pingidentity | pingaccess |
Affected:
0 , < 8.0.1
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:pingidentity:pingaccess:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-23452 (GCVE-0-2024-23452)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-08 09:00 – Updated: 2025-06-04 15:07
VLAI
Title
Apache bRPC: HTTP request smuggling vulnerability
Summary
Request smuggling vulnerability in HTTP server in Apache bRPC 0.9.5~1.7.0 on all platforms allows attacker to smuggle request.
Vulnerability Cause Description：
The http_parser does not comply with the RFC-7230 HTTP 1.1 specification.
Attack scenario:
If a message is received with both a Transfer-Encoding and a Content-Length header field, such a message might indicate an attempt to perform request smuggling or response splitting.
One particular attack scenario is that a bRPC made http server on the backend receiving requests in one persistent connection from frontend server that uses TE to parse request with the logic that 'chunk' is contained in the TE field. in that case an attacker can smuggle a request into the connection to the backend server.
Solution:
You can choose one solution from below:
1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.8.0, which fixes this issue. Download link: https://github.com/apache/brpc/releases/tag/1.8.0
2. Apply this patch: https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/2518
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling')
Assigner
References
4 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache bRPC |
Affected:
0.9.5 , < 1.8.0
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2024-23829 (GCVE-0-2024-23829)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-01-29 22:41 – Updated: 2025-11-03 20:36
VLAI
Title
aiohttp's HTTP parser (the python one, not llhttp) still overly lenient about separators
Summary
aiohttp is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Security-sensitive parts of the Python HTTP parser retained minor differences in allowable character sets, that must trigger error handling to robustly match frame boundaries of proxies in order to protect against injection of additional requests. Additionally, validation could trigger exceptions that were not handled consistently with processing of other malformed input. Being more lenient than internet standards require could, depending on deployment environment, assist in request smuggling. The unhandled exception could cause excessive resource consumption on the application server and/or its logging facilities. This vulnerability exists due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2023-47627. Version 3.9.2 fixes this vulnerability.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
6 references
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CVE-2024-27439 (GCVE-0-2024-27439)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-19 11:07 – Updated: 2025-02-13 17:46
VLAI
Title
Apache Wicket: Possible bypass of CSRF protection
Summary
An error in the evaluation of the fetch metadata headers could allow a bypass of the CSRF protection in Apache Wicket.
This issue affects Apache Wicket: from 9.1.0 through 9.16.0, and the milestone releases for the 10.0 series.
Apache Wicket 8.x does not support CSRF protection via the fetch metadata headers and as such is not affected.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 9.17.0 or 10.0.0, which fixes the issue.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Wicket |
Affected:
9.1.0 , ≤ 9.16.0
(semver)
Affected: 10.0.0-M1 , < 10.0.0 (semver) |
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CVE-2024-27922 (GCVE-0-2024-27922)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-06 20:33 – Updated: 2024-08-02 19:51
VLAI
Title
HTTP Handling Vulnerability in the Bare server
Summary
TOMP Bare Server implements the TompHTTP bare server. A vulnerability in versions prior to 2.0.2 relates to insecure handling of HTTP requests by the @tomphttp/bare-server-node package. This flaw potentially exposes the users of the package to manipulation of their web traffic. The impact may vary depending on the specific usage of the package but it can potentially affect any system where this package is in use. The problem has been patched in version 2.0.2. As of time of publication, no specific workaround strategies have been disclosed.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
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Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
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| tomphttp | bare-server-node |
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CVE-2024-32638 (GCVE-0-2024-32638)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-02 09:20 – Updated: 2025-02-13 17:52
VLAI
Title
Apache APISIX: Forward-Auth Request Smuggling
Summary
Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling') vulnerability in Apache APISIX when using `forward-auth` plugin.This issue affects Apache APISIX: from 3.8.0, 3.9.0.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.8.1, 3.9.1 or higher, which fixes the issue.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling')
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache APISIX |
Affected:
3.8.0 , ≤ 3.9.0
(custom)
|
|
| apache_software_foundation | Apache_APISIX |
Affected:
3.8.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache_software_foundation:Apache_APISIX:3.8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2024-34350 (GCVE-0-2024-34350)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-09 16:07 – Updated: 2024-08-02 02:51
VLAI
Title
Next.js Vulnerable to HTTP Request Smuggling
Summary
Next.js is a React framework that can provide building blocks to create web applications. Prior to 13.5.1, an inconsistent interpretation of a crafted HTTP request meant that requests are treated as both a single request, and two separate requests by Next.js, leading to desynchronized responses. This led to a response queue poisoning vulnerability in the affected Next.js versions. For a request to be exploitable, the affected route also had to be making use of the [rewrites](https://nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/next-config-js/rewrites) feature in Next.js. The vulnerability is resolved in Next.js `13.5.1` and newer.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
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CVE-2024-35161 (GCVE-0-2024-35161)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-26 09:10 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:54
VLAI
Title
Apache Traffic Server: Incomplete check for chunked trailer section allows request smuggling
Summary
Apache Traffic Server forwards malformed HTTP chunked trailer section to origin servers. This can be utilized for request smuggling and may also lead cache poisoning if the origin servers are vulnerable.
This issue affects Apache Traffic Server: from 8.0.0 through 8.1.10, from 9.0.0 through 9.2.4.
Users can set a new setting (proxy.config.http.drop_chunked_trailers) not to forward chunked trailer section.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 8.1.11 or 9.2.5, which fixes the issue.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://lists.apache.org/thread/c4mcmpblgl8kkmyt5… | vendor-advisory |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024… |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Traffic Server |
Affected:
8.0.0 , ≤ 8.1.10
(semver)
Affected: 9.0.0 , ≤ 9.2.4 (semver) |
|
| apache | traffic_server |
Affected:
8.0.0 , ≤ 8.1.10
(semver)
Affected: 9.0.0 , ≤ 9.2.4 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:apache:traffic_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-41110 (GCVE-0-2024-41110)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-24 16:49 – Updated: 2024-10-13 21:03
VLAI
Title
Moby authz zero length regression
Summary
Moby is an open-source project created by Docker for software containerization. A security vulnerability has been detected in certain versions of Docker Engine, which could allow an attacker to bypass authorization plugins (AuthZ) under specific circumstances. The base likelihood of this being exploited is low.
Using a specially-crafted API request, an Engine API client could make the daemon forward the request or response to an authorization plugin without the body. In certain circumstances, the authorization plugin may allow a request which it would have otherwise denied if the body had been forwarded to it.
A security issue was discovered In 2018, where an attacker could bypass AuthZ plugins using a specially crafted API request. This could lead to unauthorized actions, including privilege escalation. Although this issue was fixed in Docker Engine v18.09.1 in January 2019, the fix was not carried forward to later major versions, resulting in a regression. Anyone who depends on authorization plugins that introspect the request and/or response body to make access control decisions is potentially impacted.
Docker EE v19.03.x and all versions of Mirantis Container Runtime are not vulnerable.
docker-ce v27.1.1 containes patches to fix the vulnerability. Patches have also been merged into the master, 19.03, 20.0, 23.0, 24.0, 25.0, 26.0, and 26.1 release branches. If one is unable to upgrade immediately, avoid using AuthZ plugins and/or restrict access to the Docker API to trusted parties, following the principle of least privilege.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
14 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/moby/moby/commit/411e817ddf710… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/moby/moby/commit/42f40b1d6dd75… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/moby/moby/commit/65cc597cea28c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/moby/moby/commit/852759a7df454… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/moby/moby/commit/a31260625655c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/moby/moby/commit/a79fabbfe8411… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/moby/moby/commit/ae160b4edddb7… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/moby/moby/commit/ae2b3666c517c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/moby/moby/commit/cc13f95251115… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/moby/moby/commit/fc274cd2ff4cf… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.docker.com/blog/docker-security-advis… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-2024080… | |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024… |
Impacted products
12 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| moby | moby |
Affected:
>= 19.03.0, <= 19.03.15
Affected: >= 20.0.0, <= 20.10.27 Affected: >= 23.0.0, <= 23.0.14 Affected: >= 24.0.0, <= 24.0.9 Affected: >= 25.0.0, <= 25.0.5 Affected: >= 26.0.0, <= 26.0.2 Affected: >= 26.1.0, <= 26.1.14 Affected: >= 27.0.0, <= 27.0.3 Affected: = 27.1.0 |
|
| docker | moby |
Affected:
19.0.0 , ≤ 19.03.15
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:docker:moby:19.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| docker | moby |
Affected:
20.0.0 , ≤ 20.10.27
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:docker:moby:20.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| docker | moby |
Affected:
23.0.0 , ≤ 23.0.14
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:docker:moby:23.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| docker | moby |
Affected:
24.0.0 , ≤ 24.0.9
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:docker:moby:24.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| docker | moby |
Affected:
25.0.0 , ≤ 25.0.5
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:docker:moby:25.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| docker | moby |
Affected:
26.0.0 , ≤ 26.0.2
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:docker:moby:26.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| docker | moby |
Affected:
26.1.0 , ≤ 26.1.14
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:docker:moby:27.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| docker | moby |
Affected:
27.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:docker:moby:27.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| docker | moby |
Affected:
26.0.0 , ≤ 26.0.2
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:docker:moby:26.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| docker | moby |
Affected:
26.1.0 , ≤ 26.1.14
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:docker:moby:26.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| docker | moby |
Affected:
27.0.0 , ≤ 27.0.3
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:docker:moby:27.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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"status": "affected",
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{
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]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Moby is an open-source project created by Docker for software containerization. A security vulnerability has been detected in certain versions of Docker Engine, which could allow an attacker to bypass authorization plugins (AuthZ) under specific circumstances. The base likelihood of this being exploited is low.\n\nUsing a specially-crafted API request, an Engine API client could make the daemon forward the request or response to an authorization plugin without the body. In certain circumstances, the authorization plugin may allow a request which it would have otherwise denied if the body had been forwarded to it.\n\nA security issue was discovered In 2018, where an attacker could bypass AuthZ plugins using a specially crafted API request. This could lead to unauthorized actions, including privilege escalation. Although this issue was fixed in Docker Engine v18.09.1 in January 2019, the fix was not carried forward to later major versions, resulting in a regression. Anyone who depends on authorization plugins that introspect the request and/or response body to make access control decisions is potentially impacted.\n\nDocker EE v19.03.x and all versions of Mirantis Container Runtime are not vulnerable.\n\ndocker-ce v27.1.1 containes patches to fix the vulnerability. Patches have also been merged into the master, 19.03, 20.0, 23.0, 24.0, 25.0, 26.0, and 26.1 release branches. If one is unable to upgrade immediately, avoid using AuthZ plugins and/or restrict access to the Docker API to trusted parties, following the principle of least privilege."
}
],
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"baseScore": 10,
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"scope": "CHANGED",
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}
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"description": "CWE-187: Partial String Comparison",
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]
},
{
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}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
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}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
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},
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"name": "https://www.docker.com/blog/docker-security-advisory-docker-engine-authz-plugin",
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"url": "https://www.docker.com/blog/docker-security-advisory-docker-engine-authz-plugin"
}
],
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"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Moby authz zero length regression"
}
},
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"cveId": "CVE-2024-41110",
"datePublished": "2024-07-24T16:49:53.068Z",
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"dateUpdated": "2024-10-13T21:03:34.392Z",
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CVE-2024-41671 (GCVE-0-2024-41671)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-29 14:37 – Updated: 2025-11-03 22:00
VLAI
Title
twisted.web has disordered HTTP pipeline response
Summary
Twisted is an event-based framework for internet applications, supporting Python 3.6+. The HTTP 1.0 and 1.1 server provided by twisted.web could process pipelined HTTP requests out-of-order, possibly resulting in information disclosure. This vulnerability is fixed in 24.7.0rc1.
Severity
8.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/twisted/twisted/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/twisted/twisted/commit/046a164… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/twisted/twisted/commit/4a930de… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/disordered… | |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024… |
Impacted products
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T22:00:59.620Z",
"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"shortName": "CVE"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/disordered-http-pipeline-in-twistedweb-cve-2024-4167"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/twisted/twisted/security/advisories/GHSA-c8m8-j448-xjx7",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://github.com/twisted/twisted/security/advisories/GHSA-c8m8-j448-xjx7"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/twisted/twisted/commit/046a164f89a0f08d3239ecebd750360f8914df33",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://github.com/twisted/twisted/commit/046a164f89a0f08d3239ecebd750360f8914df33"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/twisted/twisted/commit/4a930de12fb67e88fefcb8822104152f42b27abc",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://github.com/twisted/twisted/commit/4a930de12fb67e88fefcb8822104152f42b27abc"
},
{
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/11/msg00028.html"
}
],
"title": "CVE Program Container"
},
{
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:twisted:twisted:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
],
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "twisted",
"vendor": "twisted",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "24.3.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2024-41671",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2024-07-29T18:59:07.878098Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-22T15:44:56.204Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "twisted",
"vendor": "twisted",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c= 24.3.0"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Twisted is an event-based framework for internet applications, supporting Python 3.6+. The HTTP 1.0 and 1.1 server provided by twisted.web could process pipelined HTTP requests out-of-order, possibly resulting in information disclosure. This vulnerability is fixed in 24.7.0rc1."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "LOW",
"baseScore": 8.3,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-444",
"description": "CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests (\u0027HTTP Request/Response Smuggling\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-07-29T14:37:08.484Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/twisted/twisted/security/advisories/GHSA-c8m8-j448-xjx7",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/twisted/twisted/security/advisories/GHSA-c8m8-j448-xjx7"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/twisted/twisted/commit/046a164f89a0f08d3239ecebd750360f8914df33",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/twisted/twisted/commit/046a164f89a0f08d3239ecebd750360f8914df33"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/twisted/twisted/commit/4a930de12fb67e88fefcb8822104152f42b27abc",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/twisted/twisted/commit/4a930de12fb67e88fefcb8822104152f42b27abc"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-c8m8-j448-xjx7",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "twisted.web has disordered HTTP pipeline response"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2024-41671",
"datePublished": "2024-07-29T14:37:08.484Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-07-18T15:21:47.485Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T22:00:59.620Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Use a web server that employs a strict HTTP parsing procedure, such as Apache [REF-433].
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Use only SSL communication.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Terminate the client session after each request.
Mitigation
Phase: System Configuration
Description:
- Turn all pages to non-cacheable.
CAPEC-273: HTTP Response Smuggling
['An adversary manipulates and injects malicious content in the form of secret unauthorized HTTP responses, into a single HTTP response from a vulnerable or compromised back-end HTTP agent (e.g., server).', 'See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.']
CAPEC-33: HTTP Request Smuggling
['An adversary abuses the flexibility and discrepancies in the parsing and interpretation of HTTP Request messages using various HTTP headers, request-line and body parameters as well as message sizes (denoted by the end of message signaled by a given HTTP header) by different intermediary HTTP agents (e.g., load balancer, reverse proxy, web caching proxies, application firewalls, etc.) to secretly send unauthorized and malicious HTTP requests to a back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server).', 'See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.']