CWE-532

Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File

The product writes sensitive information to a log file.

CVE-2025-26864 (GCVE-0-2025-26864)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-14 10:44 – Updated: 2025-05-19 18:41
VLAI
Title
Apache IoTDB: Exposure of Sensitive Information in IoTDB OpenID Authentication
Summary
Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor, Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File vulnerability in the OpenIdAuthorizer of Apache IoTDB. This issue affects Apache IoTDB: from 0.10.0 through 1.3.3, from 2.0.1-beta before 2.0.2. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.3.4 and 2.0.2, which fix the issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-200 - Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
  • CWE-532 - Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache IoTDB Affected: 0.10.0 , ≤ 1.3.3 (semver)
Affected: 2.0.1-beta , < 2.0.2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Kyler Katz
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-27391 (GCVE-0-2025-27391)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-09 14:42 – Updated: 2025-04-09 17:02
VLAI
Title
Apache ActiveMQ Artemis: Passwords leaking from broker properties in the debug log
Summary
Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File vulnerability in Apache ActiveMQ Artemis. All the values of the broker properties are logged when the org.apache.activemq.artemis.core.config.impl.ConfigurationImpl logger has the debug level enabled. This issue affects Apache ActiveMQ Artemis: from 1.5.1 before 2.40.0. It can be mitigated by restricting log access to only trusted users. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 2.40.0, which fixes the issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-532 - Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache ActiveMQ Artemis Affected: 1.5.1 , < 2.40.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Rafael Yanez Illescas <ryanezil@redhat.com>
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-27496 (GCVE-0-2025-27496)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-13 19:01 – Updated: 2025-03-13 19:51
VLAI
Title
Snowflake JDBC Driver client-side encryption key in DEBUG logs
Summary
Snowflake, a platform for using artificial intelligence in the context of cloud computing, has a vulnerability in the Snowflake JDBC driver ("Driver") in versions 3.0.13 through 3.23.0 of the driver. When the logging level was set to DEBUG, the Driver would log locally the client-side encryption master key of the target stage during the execution of GET/PUT commands. This key by itself does not grant access to any sensitive data without additional access authorizations, and is not logged server-side by Snowflake. Snowflake fixed the issue in version 3.23.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-532 - Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
snowflakedb snowflake-jdbc Affected: >= 3.0.13, < 3.23.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-27555 (GCVE-0-2025-27555)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-24 10:09 – Updated: 2026-03-11 15:10
VLAI
Title
Apache Airflow: Connection Secrets not masked in UI when Connection are added via Airflow cli
Summary
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SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-532 - Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache Airflow Affected: 0 , < 2.11.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
sw0rd1ight
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-30105 (GCVE-0-2025-30105)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-30 17:50 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:50
VLAI
Summary
Dell XtremIO, version(s) 6.4.0-22, contain(s) an Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Information exposure. The attacker may be able to use the exposed credentials to access the vulnerable application with privileges of the compromised account.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-532 - Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Dell XtremIO Affected: NA , < 6.4.3 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-07-29 17:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-30205 (GCVE-0-2025-30205)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-24 16:47 – Updated: 2025-03-24 17:51
VLAI
Title
kanidm-provision leaks provisioned admin credentials into the system log
Summary
kanidim-provision is a helper utility that uses kanidm's API to provision users, groups and oauth2 systems. Prior to version 1.2.0, a faulty function intrumentation in the (optional) kanidm patches provided by kandim-provision will cause the provisioned admin credentials to be leaked to the system log. This only impacts users which both use the provided patches and provision their `admin` or `idm_admin` account credentials this way. No other credentials are affected. Users should recompile kanidm with the newest patchset from tag `v1.2.0` or higher. As a workaround, the user can set the log level `KANIDM_LOG_LEVEL` to any level higher than `info`, for example `warn`.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-532 - Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
oddlama kanidm-provision Affected: < 1.2.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-30483 (GCVE-0-2025-30483)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-15 14:30 – Updated: 2025-07-15 14:44
VLAI
Summary
Dell ECS versions prior to 3.8.1.5/ ObjectScale version 4.0.0.0 contains an Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Information disclosure.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-532 - Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Dell ECS Affected: NA , < 3.8.1.5 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Dell ObjectScale Affected: 4.0.0.0 , < 4.0.0.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-07-11 17:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-30677 (GCVE-0-2025-30677)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-09 11:58 – Updated: 2025-04-09 16:03
VLAI
Title
Apache Pulsar IO Kafka Connector, Apache Pulsar IO Kafka Connect Adaptor: Sensitive information logged in Pulsar's Apache Kafka Connectors
Summary
Apache Pulsar contains multiple connectors for integrating with Apache Kafka. The Pulsar IO Apache Kafka Source Connector, Sink Connector, and Kafka Connect Adaptor Sink Connector log sensitive configuration properties in plain text in application logs. This vulnerability can lead to unintended exposure of credentials in log files, potentially allowing attackers with access to these logs to obtain Apache Kafka credentials. The vulnerability's impact is limited by the fact that an attacker would need access to the application logs to exploit this issue. This issue affects Apache Pulsar IO's Apache Kafka connectors in all versions before 3.0.11, 3.3.6, and 4.0.4. 3.0.x version users should upgrade to at least 3.0.11. 3.3.x version users should upgrade to at least 3.3.6. 4.0.x version users should upgrade to at least 4.0.4. Users operating versions prior to those listed above should upgrade to the aforementioned patched versions or newer versions.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-532 - Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache Pulsar IO Kafka Connector Affected: 2.3.0 , < 3.0.11 (semver)
Affected: 3.1.0 , < 3.3.6 (semver)
Affected: 4.0.0 , < 4.0.4 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Apache Software Foundation Apache Pulsar IO Kafka Connect Adaptor Affected: 2.3.0 , < 3.0.11 (semver)
Affected: 3.1.0 , < 3.3.6 (semver)
Affected: 4.0.0 , < 4.0.4 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Kyler Katz
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-31479 (GCVE-0-2025-31479)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-02 21:09 – Updated: 2025-04-03 14:01
VLAI
Title
canonical/get-workflow-version-action can leak a partial GITHUB_TOKEN in exception output
Summary
canonical/get-workflow-version-action is a GitHub composite action to get commit SHA that GitHub Actions reusable workflow was called with. Prior to 1.0.1, if the get-workflow-version-action step fails, the exception output may include the GITHUB_TOKEN. If the full token is included in the exception output, GitHub will automatically redact the secret from the GitHub Actions logs. However, the token may be truncated—causing part of the GITHUB_TOKEN to be displayed in plaintext in the GitHub Actions logs. Anyone with read access to the GitHub repository can view GitHub Actions logs. For public repositories, anyone can view the GitHub Actions logs. The opportunity to exploit this vulnerability is limited—the GITHUB_TOKEN is automatically revoked when the job completes. However, there is an opportunity for an attack in the time between the GITHUB_TOKEN being displayed in the logs and the completion of the job. Users using the github-token input are impacted. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.0.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-532 - Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File
Assigner
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-31514 (GCVE-0-2025-31514)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-14 15:23 – Updated: 2026-01-14 09:17
VLAI
Summary
An Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File vulnerability [CWE-532] in FortiOS 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, 7.4 all versions, 7.2 all versions, 7.0 all versions, 6.4 all versions may allow an attacker with at least read-only privileges to retrieve sensitive 2FA-related information via observing logs or via diagnose command.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Fortinet FortiProxy Affected: 7.6.0 , ≤ 7.6.3 (semver)
Affected: 7.4.0 , ≤ 7.4.12 (semver)
Affected: 7.2.0 , ≤ 7.2.15 (semver)
Affected: 7.0.0 , ≤ 7.0.22 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.6.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.6.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.6.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.22:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.21:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.20:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.19:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.18:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.17:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.16:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Fortinet FortiOS Affected: 7.6.0 , ≤ 7.6.2 (semver)
Affected: 7.4.0 , ≤ 7.4.9 (semver)
Affected: 7.2.0 , ≤ 7.2.12 (semver)
Affected: 7.0.0 , ≤ 7.0.18 (semver)
Affected: 6.4.0 , ≤ 6.4.16 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.6.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.6.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.4.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.4.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.4.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.4.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.4.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.4.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.2.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.2.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.2.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.2.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.2.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.2.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.2.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.2.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.2.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.18:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.17:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.16:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.16:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "FortiProxy",
          "vendor": "Fortinet",
          "versions": [
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              "status": "affected",
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              "versionType": "semver"
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              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.22",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.0.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
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          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "FortiOS",
          "vendor": "Fortinet",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.6.2",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.6.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.4.9",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.4.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.12",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.2.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.0.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.4.16",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.4.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "An Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File vulnerability [CWE-532] in FortiOS 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, 7.4 all versions, 7.2 all versions, 7.0 all versions, 6.4 all versions may allow an attacker with at least read-only privileges to retrieve sensitive 2FA-related information via observing logs or via diagnose command."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 2.6,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:C",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS"
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-532",
              "description": "Information disclosure",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-01-14T09:17:20.560Z",
        "orgId": "6abe59d8-c742-4dff-8ce8-9b0ca1073da8",
        "shortName": "fortinet"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-452",
          "url": "https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-452"
        }
      ],
      "solutions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Upgrade to FortiProxy version 7.6.4 or above\nUpgrade to FortiOS version 7.6.4 or above"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "6abe59d8-c742-4dff-8ce8-9b0ca1073da8",
    "assignerShortName": "fortinet",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-31514",
    "datePublished": "2025-10-14T15:23:52.883Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-03-31T09:51:06.253Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-01-14T09:17:20.560Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Mitigation

Phases: Architecture and Design, Implementation

Description:

  • Consider seriously the sensitivity of the information written into log files. Do not write secrets into the log files.
Mitigation

Phase: Distribution

Description:

  • Remove debug log files before deploying the application into production.
Mitigation

Phase: Operation

Description:

  • Protect log files against unauthorized read/write.
Mitigation

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • Adjust configurations appropriately when software is transitioned from a debug state to production.
CAPEC-215: Fuzzing for application mapping

An attacker sends random, malformed, or otherwise unexpected messages to a target application and observes the application's log or error messages returned. The attacker does not initially know how a target will respond to individual messages but by attempting a large number of message variants they may find a variant that trigger's desired behavior. In this attack, the purpose of the fuzzing is to observe the application's log and error messages, although fuzzing a target can also sometimes cause the target to enter an unstable state, causing a crash.

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