CWE-706
Use of Incorrectly-Resolved Name or Reference
The product uses a name or reference to access a resource, but the name/reference resolves to a resource that is outside of the intended control sphere.
CVE-2026-41354 (GCVE-0-2026-41354)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-23 21:58 – Updated: 2026-04-24 10:58 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
OpenClaw < 2026.4.2 - Insufficient Scope in Zalo Webhook Replay Dedupe Keys
Summary
OpenClaw before 2026.4.2 contains an insufficient scope vulnerability in Zalo webhook replay dedupe keys that allows legitimate events from different conversations or senders to collide. Attackers can exploit weak deduplication scoping to cause silent message suppression and disrupt bot workflows across chat sessions.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-706 - Use of Incorrectly-Resolved Name or Reference
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/adv… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/ef7c5… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-ins… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-04-02 00:00
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-41354",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-04-24T10:57:47.218817Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-24T10:58:06.293Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"packageURL": "pkg:npm/openclaw",
"product": "OpenClaw",
"vendor": "OpenClaw",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "2026.4.2",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "2026.4.2",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:openclaw:openclaw:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "2026.4.2",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"value": "Steven Siegfried (@D0ub1e-D)"
}
],
"datePublic": "2026-04-02T00:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "OpenClaw before 2026.4.2 contains an insufficient scope vulnerability in Zalo webhook replay dedupe keys that allows legitimate events from different conversations or senders to collide. Attackers can exploit weak deduplication scoping to cause silent message suppression and disrupt bot workflows across chat sessions."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 6.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "LOW",
"baseScore": 3.7,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-706",
"description": "CWE-706: Use of Incorrectly-Resolved Name or Reference",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-23T21:58:13.871Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-rxmx-g7hr-8mx4)",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-rxmx-g7hr-8mx4"
},
{
"name": "Patch Commit",
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/ef7c553dd16ee579f1d1a363f5881a99726c1412"
},
{
"name": "VulnCheck Advisory: OpenClaw \u003c 2026.4.2 - Insufficient Scope in Zalo Webhook Replay Dedupe Keys",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-insufficient-scope-in-zalo-webhook-replay-dedupe-keys"
}
],
"tags": [
"x_open-source"
],
"title": "OpenClaw \u003c 2026.4.2 - Insufficient Scope in Zalo Webhook Replay Dedupe Keys",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-41354",
"datePublished": "2026-04-23T21:58:13.871Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-04-20T14:07:26.648Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-24T10:58:06.293Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-41402 (GCVE-0-2026-41402)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-28 18:09 – Updated: 2026-04-29 13:17 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
OpenClaw < 2026.3.31 - Webhook Replay Cache Cross-Target messageId Scope Bypass
Summary
OpenClaw before 2026.3.31 contains a scope bypass vulnerability in webhook replay cache deduplication that allows authenticated attackers to replay messages across sibling targets using the same messageId. Attackers can exploit overly broad cache keying to bypass replay protection and deliver duplicate webhook messages to unintended targets.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-706 - Use of Incorrectly-Resolved Name or Reference
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/adv… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/4d038… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-web… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-03-31 00:00
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-41402",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-04-29T13:17:15.638964Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-29T13:17:50.747Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"packageURL": "pkg:npm/openclaw",
"product": "OpenClaw",
"vendor": "OpenClaw",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "2026.3.31",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "2026.3.31",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:openclaw:openclaw:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "2026.3.31",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"value": "smaeljaish771"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "KeenSecurityLab"
}
],
"datePublic": "2026-03-31T00:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "OpenClaw before 2026.3.31 contains a scope bypass vulnerability in webhook replay cache deduplication that allows authenticated attackers to replay messages across sibling targets using the same messageId. Attackers can exploit overly broad cache keying to bypass replay protection and deliver duplicate webhook messages to unintended targets."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 2.3,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 4.2,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-706",
"description": "CWE-706: Use of Incorrectly-Resolved Name or Reference",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-28T18:09:59.445Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-hhq4-97c2-p447)",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-hhq4-97c2-p447"
},
{
"name": "Patch Commit",
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/4d038bb242c11f39e45f6a4bde400e5fd42e4ebf"
},
{
"name": "VulnCheck Advisory: OpenClaw \u003c 2026.3.31 - Webhook Replay Cache Cross-Target messageId Scope Bypass",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-webhook-replay-cache-cross-target-messageid-scope-bypass"
}
],
"tags": [
"x_open-source"
],
"title": "OpenClaw \u003c 2026.3.31 - Webhook Replay Cache Cross-Target messageId Scope Bypass",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-41402",
"datePublished": "2026-04-28T18:09:59.445Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-04-20T14:15:22.223Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-29T13:17:50.747Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-42254 (GCVE-0-2026-42254)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-26 02:38 – Updated: 2026-04-27 13:33
VLAI
Summary
Hickory DNS hickory-recursor 0.1 through 0.25.2 allows cross-zone poisoning because cached data is not directly associated with a query that triggered a response.
Severity
4 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-706 - Use of Incorrectly-Resolved Name or Reference
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hickory Project | Hickory DNS |
Affected:
0.1 , < 0.26
(custom)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-42254",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-04-27T13:18:57.831422Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-27T13:33:50.961Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"packageURL": "pkg:cargo/hickory-recursor",
"product": "Hickory DNS",
"vendor": "Hickory Project",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "0.26",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0.1",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Hickory DNS hickory-recursor 0.1 through 0.25.2 allows cross-zone poisoning because cached data is not directly associated with a query that triggered a response."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 4,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-706",
"description": "CWE-706 Use of Incorrectly-Resolved Name or Reference",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-26T03:10:54.172Z",
"orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
"shortName": "mitre"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://github.com/hickory-dns/hickory-dns/security/advisories/GHSA-83hf-93m4-rgwq"
}
],
"x_generator": {
"engine": "CVE-Request-form 0.0.1"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
"assignerShortName": "mitre",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-42254",
"datePublished": "2026-04-26T02:38:41.261Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-04-26T02:38:40.734Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-27T13:33:50.961Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
No mitigation information available for this CWE.
CAPEC-159: Redirect Access to Libraries
An adversary exploits a weakness in the way an application searches for external libraries to manipulate the execution flow to point to an adversary supplied library or code base. This pattern of attack allows the adversary to compromise the application or server via the execution of unauthorized code. An application typically makes calls to functions that are a part of libraries external to the application. These libraries may be part of the operating system or they may be third party libraries. If an adversary can redirect an application's attempts to access these libraries to other libraries that the adversary supplies, the adversary will be able to force the targeted application to execute arbitrary code. This is especially dangerous if the targeted application has enhanced privileges. Access can be redirected through a number of techniques, including the use of symbolic links, search path modification, and relative path manipulation.
CAPEC-177: Create files with the same name as files protected with a higher classification
An attacker exploits file location algorithms in an operating system or application by creating a file with the same name as a protected or privileged file. The attacker could manipulate the system if the attacker-created file is trusted by the operating system or an application component that attempts to load the original file. Applications often load or include external files, such as libraries or configuration files. These files should be protected against malicious manipulation. However, if the application only uses the name of the file when locating it, an attacker may be able to create a file with the same name and place it in a directory that the application will search before the directory with the legitimate file is searched. Because the attackers' file is discovered first, it would be used by the target application. This attack can be extremely destructive if the referenced file is executable and/or is granted special privileges based solely on having a particular name.
CAPEC-48: Passing Local Filenames to Functions That Expect a URL
This attack relies on client side code to access local files and resources instead of URLs. When the client browser is expecting a URL string, but instead receives a request for a local file, that execution is likely to occur in the browser process space with the browser's authority to local files. The attacker can send the results of this request to the local files out to a site that they control. This attack may be used to steal sensitive authentication data (either local or remote), or to gain system profile information to launch further attacks.
CAPEC-641: DLL Side-Loading
An adversary places a malicious version of a Dynamic-Link Library (DLL) in the Windows Side-by-Side (WinSxS) directory to trick the operating system into loading this malicious DLL instead of a legitimate DLL. Programs specify the location of the DLLs to load via the use of WinSxS manifests or DLL redirection and if they aren't used then Windows searches in a predefined set of directories to locate the file. If the applications improperly specify a required DLL or WinSxS manifests aren't explicit about the characteristics of the DLL to be loaded, they can be vulnerable to side-loading.