CWE-798

Use of Hard-coded Credentials

The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.

CVE-2025-48491 (GCVE-0-2025-48491)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-30 03:38 – Updated: 2025-05-30 12:42
VLAI
Title
Project AI API Key Exposure in Source Code
Summary
Project AI is a platform designed to create AI agents. Prior to the pre-beta version, a hardcoded API key was present in the source code. This issue has been patched in the pre-beta version.
Severity
2.7 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
aryan6673 project-ai Affected: < pre-beta
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-48491",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-05-30T12:42:22.942621Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-05-30T12:42:33.795Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "project-ai",
          "vendor": "aryan6673",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c pre-beta"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Project AI is a platform designed to create AI agents. Prior to the pre-beta version, a hardcoded API key was present in the source code. This issue has been patched in the pre-beta version."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 2.7,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-798",
              "description": "CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-05-30T03:38:53.828Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/security/advisories/GHSA-8486-vrcp-69rv",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/security/advisories/GHSA-8486-vrcp-69rv"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/commit/142252c43f1dacb3fed99e3336f5cd863b028bc2",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/commit/142252c43f1dacb3fed99e3336f5cd863b028bc2"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/commit/1de910f353eb2a68c980149b906e7495459296ad",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/commit/1de910f353eb2a68c980149b906e7495459296ad"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/commit/54a69c3ccd301d35f3d54f4844d9910e609beb73",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/commit/54a69c3ccd301d35f3d54f4844d9910e609beb73"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/commit/7f3b93f9aa9085d5413b4019172b0e56676346d7",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/commit/7f3b93f9aa9085d5413b4019172b0e56676346d7"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/commit/8db90e3d9777850741804533ebde5824b4a5795c",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/commit/8db90e3d9777850741804533ebde5824b4a5795c"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/commit/99e0e0718edb0e59c5d3c5a69903b87c69fcfe7a",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/commit/99e0e0718edb0e59c5d3c5a69903b87c69fcfe7a"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/commit/ab67979a46b0e343dc20a95a2b65d3c4994c31e7",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/commit/ab67979a46b0e343dc20a95a2b65d3c4994c31e7"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/commit/c1fb156418d98a1e6c60bb680db57e9558785093",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/aryan6673/project-ai/commit/c1fb156418d98a1e6c60bb680db57e9558785093"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-8486-vrcp-69rv",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Project AI API Key Exposure in Source Code"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-48491",
    "datePublished": "2025-05-30T03:38:53.828Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-05-22T12:11:39.120Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-05-30T12:42:33.795Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

CVE-2025-49551 (GCVE-0-2025-49551)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-08 20:49 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:51
VLAI
Title
ColdFusion | Use of Hard-coded Credentials (CWE-798)
Summary
ColdFusion versions 2025.2, 2023.14, 2021.20 and earlier are affected by a Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability that could result in privilege escalation. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to gain unauthorized access to sensitive systems or data. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction. The vulnerable component is restricted to internal IP addresses.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials (CWE-798)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Adobe ColdFusion Affected: 0 , ≤ 2021.20 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-07-08 17:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-49551",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-07-10T03:55:40.036889Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T17:51:04.273Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "ColdFusion",
          "vendor": "Adobe",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "2021.20",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2025-07-08T17:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "ColdFusion versions 2025.2, 2023.14, 2021.20 and earlier are affected by a Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability that could result in privilege escalation. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to gain unauthorized access to sensitive systems or data. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction. The vulnerable component is restricted to internal IP addresses."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "baseScore": 8.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "environmentalScore": 8.8,
            "environmentalSeverity": "HIGH",
            "exploitCodeMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "modifiedAttackComplexity": "LOW",
            "modifiedAttackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
            "modifiedAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "modifiedConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "modifiedIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "modifiedScope": "UNCHANGED",
            "modifiedUserInteraction": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "remediationLevel": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "reportConfidence": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "temporalScore": 8.8,
            "temporalSeverity": "HIGH",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-798",
              "description": "Use of Hard-coded Credentials (CWE-798)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-07-08T20:49:34.964Z",
        "orgId": "078d4453-3bcd-4900-85e6-15281da43538",
        "shortName": "adobe"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/coldfusion/apsb25-69.html"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "ColdFusion | Use of Hard-coded Credentials (CWE-798)"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "078d4453-3bcd-4900-85e6-15281da43538",
    "assignerShortName": "adobe",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-49551",
    "datePublished": "2025-07-08T20:49:34.964Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-06-06T15:42:09.517Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T17:51:04.273Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2025-5023 (GCVE-0-2025-5023)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-10 08:34 – Updated: 2025-09-19 00:11 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Summary
Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in Mitsubishi Electric Corporation photovoltaic system monitor “EcoGuideTAB” PV-DR004J all versions and PV-DR004JA all versions allows an attacker within the Wi-Fi communication range between the units of the product (measurement unit and display unit) to disclose information such as generated power and electricity sold back to the grid stored in the product, tamper with or destroy stored or configured information in the product, or cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS) condition on the product, by using hardcoded user ID and password common to the product series obtained by exploiting CVE-2025-5022. The affected products discontinued in 2015, support ended in 2020.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-5023",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-07-10T14:03:35.221730Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-07-10T14:03:50.737Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "PV-DR004J",
          "vendor": "Mitsubishi Electric Corporation",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "All versions"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "PV-DR004JA",
          "vendor": "Mitsubishi Electric Corporation",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "All versions"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in Mitsubishi Electric Corporation photovoltaic system monitor \u201cEcoGuideTAB\u201d PV-DR004J all versions and PV-DR004JA all versions allows an attacker within the Wi-Fi communication range between the units of the product (measurement unit and display unit) to disclose information such as generated power and electricity sold back to the grid stored in the product, tamper with or destroy stored or configured information in the product, or cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS) condition on the product, by using hardcoded user ID and password common to the product series obtained by exploiting CVE-2025-5022. The affected products discontinued in 2015, support ended in 2020."
            }
          ],
          "value": "Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in Mitsubishi Electric Corporation photovoltaic system monitor \u201cEcoGuideTAB\u201d PV-DR004J all versions and PV-DR004JA all versions allows an attacker within the Wi-Fi communication range between the units of the product (measurement unit and display unit) to disclose information such as generated power and electricity sold back to the grid stored in the product, tamper with or destroy stored or configured information in the product, or cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS) condition on the product, by using hardcoded user ID and password common to the product series obtained by exploiting CVE-2025-5022. The affected products discontinued in 2015, support ended in 2020."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Information disclosure, tampering, and denial-of-service (DoS)"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.1,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-798",
              "description": "CWE-798 Use of Hard-coded Credentials",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-09-19T00:11:19.035Z",
        "orgId": "e0f77b61-78fd-4786-b3fb-1ee347a748ad",
        "shortName": "Mitsubishi"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.mitsubishielectric.com/psirt/vulnerability/pdf/2025-007_en.pdf"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "government-resource"
          ],
          "url": "https://jvn.jp/vu/JVNVU90283680/"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "tags": [
        "unsupported-when-assigned"
      ],
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "e0f77b61-78fd-4786-b3fb-1ee347a748ad",
    "assignerShortName": "Mitsubishi",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-5023",
    "datePublished": "2025-07-10T08:34:13.758Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-05-21T05:08:54.662Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-09-19T00:11:19.035Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

CVE-2025-53754 (GCVE-0-2025-53754)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-16 11:13 – Updated: 2025-07-16 15:52
VLAI
Title
Hard-coded Credentials Vulnerability in Digisol DG-GR6821AC Router
Summary
This vulnerability exists in Digisol DG-GR6821AC Router due to hard-coded Root Access Credentials in system configuration of the device firmware. An attacker with physical access could exploit this vulnerability by extracting the firmware and analyzing the binary data to obtain the stored root access credentials. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow the attacker to gain admin access to the targeted device.
Severity
5.1 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
This vulnerability is reported by Shravan Singh from Kavach IoT Security.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-53754",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-07-16T15:52:31.045391Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-07-16T15:52:41.008Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "XPON ONU Wi-Fi Router (DG-GR6821AC)",
          "vendor": "Digisol",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "V3.2.XX"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "This vulnerability is reported by Shravan Singh from Kavach IoT Security."
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "This vulnerability exists in Digisol DG-GR6821AC Router due to hard-coded Root Access Credentials in system configuration of the device firmware. An attacker with physical access could exploit this vulnerability by extracting the firmware and analyzing the binary data to obtain the stored root access credentials. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSuccessful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow the attacker to gain admin access to the targeted device.\u003cbr\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "This vulnerability exists in Digisol DG-GR6821AC Router due to hard-coded Root Access Credentials in system configuration of the device firmware. An attacker with physical access could exploit this vulnerability by extracting the firmware and analyzing the binary data to obtain the stored root access credentials. \n\nSuccessful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow the attacker to gain admin access to the targeted device."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "PHYSICAL",
            "baseScore": 5.1,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-798",
              "description": "CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-07-16T11:13:48.388Z",
        "orgId": "66834db9-ab24-42b4-be80-296b2e40335c",
        "shortName": "CERT-In"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.cert-in.org.in/s2cMainServlet?pageid=PUBVLNOTES01\u0026VLCODE=CIVN-2025-0147"
        }
      ],
      "solutions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Upgrade Digisol DG-GR6821AC Router firmware to version HG323DACv5_all_V3.2.02-250509_Digisolver\u003cbr\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Upgrade Digisol DG-GR6821AC Router firmware to version HG323DACv5_all_V3.2.02-250509_Digisolver"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Hard-coded Credentials Vulnerability in Digisol DG-GR6821AC Router",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "66834db9-ab24-42b4-be80-296b2e40335c",
    "assignerShortName": "CERT-In",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-53754",
    "datePublished": "2025-07-16T11:13:48.388Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-07-09T11:17:31.819Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-07-16T15:52:41.008Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

CVE-2025-5379 (GCVE-0-2025-5379)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-31 13:31 – Updated: 2025-06-02 15:47
VLAI
Title
NuCom NC-WR744G Console Application hard-coded credentials
Summary
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in NuCom NC-WR744G 8.5.5 Build 20200530.307. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component Console Application. The manipulation of the argument CMCCAdmin/useradmin/CUAdmin leads to hard-coded credentials. The attack can be initiated remotely. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-798 - Hard-coded Credentials
  • CWE-259 - Use of Hard-coded Password
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.310672 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.310672 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.582868 third-party-advisory
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NuCom NC-WR744G Affected: 8.5.5 Build 20200530.307
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
matuii (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-5379",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-06-02T15:28:08.424359Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-06-02T15:47:52.713Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "modules": [
            "Console Application"
          ],
          "product": "NC-WR744G",
          "vendor": "NuCom",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.5.5 Build 20200530.307"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "matuii (VulDB User)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A vulnerability classified as critical was found in NuCom NC-WR744G 8.5.5 Build 20200530.307. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component Console Application. The manipulation of the argument CMCCAdmin/useradmin/CUAdmin leads to hard-coded credentials. The attack can be initiated remotely. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way."
        },
        {
          "lang": "de",
          "value": "In NuCom NC-WR744G 8.5.5 Build 20200530.307 wurde eine Schwachstelle entdeckt. Sie wurde als kritisch eingestuft. Betroffen ist eine unbekannte Verarbeitung der Komponente Console Application. Durch Beeinflussen des Arguments CMCCAdmin/useradmin/CUAdmin mit unbekannten Daten kann eine hard-coded credentials-Schwachstelle ausgenutzt werden. Der Angriff kann \u00fcber das Netzwerk passieren."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 4.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 4.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 4,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:N/A:N",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-798",
              "description": "Hard-coded Credentials",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-259",
              "description": "Use of Hard-coded Password",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-05-31T13:31:04.543Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-310672 | NuCom NC-WR744G Console Application hard-coded credentials",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.310672"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-310672 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, TTP, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.310672"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #582868 | NuCom NC-WR744G 8.5.5 (Build:20200530.307-TEMP) Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.582868"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-05-30T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-05-30T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-05-30T13:39:55.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "NuCom NC-WR744G Console Application hard-coded credentials"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-5379",
    "datePublished": "2025-05-31T13:31:04.543Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-05-30T11:34:52.148Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-06-02T15:47:52.713Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

CVE-2025-53842 (GCVE-0-2025-53842)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-16 04:30 – Updated: 2025-07-18 14:47
VLAI
Summary
Use of hard-coded credentials issue exists in ZWX-2000CSW2-HN prior to 0.3.19 and ZWX-2000CS2-HN firmware all versions. If this vulnerability is exploited, an attacker may tamper with the settings of the device by obtaining the credentials. This vulnerability is caused by an insufficient fix for CVE-2024-39838.
Severity
4.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-798 - Use of hard-coded credentials
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-53842",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-07-18T14:47:02.598589Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-07-18T14:47:09.380Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "ZWX-2000CSW2-HN",
          "vendor": "ZEXELON CO., LTD.",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "prior to 0.3.19"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": "ZWX-2000CS2-HN",
          "vendor": "ZEXELON CO., LTD.",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "all versions"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Use of hard-coded credentials issue exists in ZWX-2000CSW2-HN prior to 0.3.19 and ZWX-2000CS2-HN firmware all versions. If this vulnerability is exploited, an attacker may tamper with the settings of the device by obtaining the credentials. This vulnerability is caused by an insufficient fix for CVE-2024-39838."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 4.5,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
            "version": "3.0"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en-US",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 6.8,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en-US",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-798",
              "description": "Use of hard-coded credentials",
              "lang": "en-US",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-07-16T04:30:36.624Z",
        "orgId": "ede6fdc4-6654-4307-a26d-3331c018e2ce",
        "shortName": "jpcert"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://zexelon.co.jp/pdf/jvn44419726.pdf"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN44419726/"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-39838"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "ede6fdc4-6654-4307-a26d-3331c018e2ce",
    "assignerShortName": "jpcert",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-53842",
    "datePublished": "2025-07-16T04:30:36.624Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-07-10T01:58:07.983Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-07-18T14:47:09.380Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

CVE-2025-54454 (GCVE-0-2025-54454)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-23 05:26 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:50
VLAI
Summary
Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server allows Authentication Bypass.This issue affects MagicINFO 9 Server: less than 21.1080.0.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-54454",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-07-30T03:55:46.695181Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T17:50:21.686Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "MagicINFO 9 Server",
          "vendor": "Samsung Electronics",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "21.1080.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server allows Authentication Bypass.\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects MagicINFO 9 Server: less than 21.1080.0.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server allows Authentication Bypass.This issue affects MagicINFO 9 Server: less than 21.1080.0."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-115",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-115 Authentication Bypass"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 9.1,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-798",
              "description": "CWE-798 Use of Hard-coded Credentials",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-07-23T05:26:26.117Z",
        "orgId": "ca193ba2-0cff-4e34-b04e-1ea07103c6fe",
        "shortName": "samsung.tv_appliance"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://security.samsungtv.com/securityUpdates"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "ca193ba2-0cff-4e34-b04e-1ea07103c6fe",
    "assignerShortName": "samsung.tv_appliance",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-54454",
    "datePublished": "2025-07-23T05:26:17.961Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-07-22T03:21:27.439Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T17:50:21.686Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2025-54455 (GCVE-0-2025-54455)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-23 05:27 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:50
VLAI
Summary
Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server allows Authentication Bypass.This issue affects MagicINFO 9 Server: less than 21.1080.0.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-54455",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-07-30T03:55:47.524352Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T17:50:21.166Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "MagicINFO 9 Server",
          "vendor": "Samsung Electronics",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "21.1080.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server allows Authentication Bypass.\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects MagicINFO 9 Server: less than 21.1080.0.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server allows Authentication Bypass.This issue affects MagicINFO 9 Server: less than 21.1080.0."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-115",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-115 Authentication Bypass"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 9.1,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-798",
              "description": "CWE-798 Use of Hard-coded Credentials",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-07-23T05:27:10.678Z",
        "orgId": "ca193ba2-0cff-4e34-b04e-1ea07103c6fe",
        "shortName": "samsung.tv_appliance"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://security.samsungtv.com/securityUpdates"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "ca193ba2-0cff-4e34-b04e-1ea07103c6fe",
    "assignerShortName": "samsung.tv_appliance",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-54455",
    "datePublished": "2025-07-23T05:27:10.678Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-07-22T03:21:27.439Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T17:50:21.166Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2025-54465 (GCVE-0-2025-54465)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-13 11:17 – Updated: 2025-08-13 13:09
VLAI
Title
Hard-coded Credentials Vulnerability in ZKTeco WL20
Summary
This vulnerability exists in ZKTeco WL20 due to hard-coded MQTT credentials and endpoints stored in plaintext within the device firmware. An attacker with physical access could exploit this vulnerability by extracting the firmware and analyzing the binary data to retrieve the hard-coded MQTT credentials and endpoints from the targeted device. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow the attacker to gain unauthorized access to the MQTT broker and manipulate the communications of the targeted device.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
This vulnerability is reported by Shravan Singh from Kavach IoT Security.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-54465",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-08-13T13:09:37.206727Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-08-13T13:09:41.836Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "WL20 Biometric Attendance System",
          "vendor": "ZKTeco Co",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c=ZLM31-FXO1-3.1.8"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "This vulnerability is reported by Shravan Singh from Kavach IoT Security."
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "This vulnerability exists in ZKTeco WL20 due to hard-coded MQTT credentials and endpoints stored in plaintext within the device firmware. An attacker with physical access could exploit this vulnerability by extracting the firmware and analyzing the binary data to retrieve the hard-coded MQTT credentials and endpoints from the targeted device.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSuccessful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow the attacker to gain unauthorized access to the MQTT broker and manipulate the communications of the targeted device.\u003cbr\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "This vulnerability exists in ZKTeco WL20 due to hard-coded MQTT credentials and endpoints stored in plaintext within the device firmware. An attacker with physical access could exploit this vulnerability by extracting the firmware and analyzing the binary data to retrieve the hard-coded MQTT credentials and endpoints from the targeted device.\n\nSuccessful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow the attacker to gain unauthorized access to the MQTT broker and manipulate the communications of the targeted device."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "PHYSICAL",
            "baseScore": 6.8,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-798",
              "description": "CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-08-13T11:17:41.081Z",
        "orgId": "66834db9-ab24-42b4-be80-296b2e40335c",
        "shortName": "CERT-In"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.cert-in.org.in/s2cMainServlet?pageid=PUBVLNOTES01\u0026VLCODE=CIVN-2025-0172"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.zkteco.com/en/Security_Bulletinsibs/20"
        }
      ],
      "solutions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Upgrade ZKTeco WL20 Biometric Attendance System firmware to version ZLM31-FXO1-4.0.3.\u003cbr\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://www.zkteco.com/en/Security_Bulletinsibs/20\"\u003ehttps://www.zkteco.com/en/Security_Bulletinsibs/20\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Upgrade ZKTeco WL20 Biometric Attendance System firmware to version ZLM31-FXO1-4.0.3.\n https://www.zkteco.com/en/Security_Bulletinsibs/20"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Hard-coded Credentials Vulnerability in ZKTeco WL20",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "66834db9-ab24-42b4-be80-296b2e40335c",
    "assignerShortName": "CERT-In",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-54465",
    "datePublished": "2025-08-13T11:17:41.081Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-07-22T08:56:34.299Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-08-13T13:09:41.836Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

CVE-2025-54872 (GCVE-0-2025-54872)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-05 23:40 – Updated: 2025-08-06 20:33
VLAI
Title
onion-site-template tor Secrets Baked Into Image
Summary
onion-site-template is a complete, scalable tor hidden service self-hosting sample. Versions which include commit 3196bd89 contain a baked-in tor image if the secrets were copied from an existing onion domain. A website could be compromised if a user shared the baked-in image, or if someone were able to acquire access to the user's device outside of a containerized environment. This is fixed by commit bc9ba0fd.
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Vessel9817 onion-site-template Affected: >= 3196bd896fed58306d42cc9f4c1e0760e8c829c9, < bc9ba0fd8cc7fbb3abc6759b351885a4501bce84
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-54872",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-08-06T16:13:57.387408Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-08-06T20:33:38.316Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "onion-site-template",
          "vendor": "Vessel9817",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 3196bd896fed58306d42cc9f4c1e0760e8c829c9, \u003c bc9ba0fd8cc7fbb3abc6759b351885a4501bce84"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "onion-site-template is a complete, scalable tor hidden service self-hosting sample. Versions which include commit 3196bd89 contain a baked-in tor image if the secrets were copied from an existing onion domain. A website could be compromised if a user shared the baked-in image, or if someone were able to acquire access to the user\u0027s device outside of a containerized environment. This is fixed by commit bc9ba0fd."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 8.7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-798",
              "description": "CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-08-05T23:40:46.900Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/Vessel9817/onion-site-template/security/advisories/GHSA-mj8m-c8w9-rw55",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/Vessel9817/onion-site-template/security/advisories/GHSA-mj8m-c8w9-rw55"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/Vessel9817/onion-site-template/commit/bc9ba0fd8cc7fbb3abc6759b351885a4501bce84",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/Vessel9817/onion-site-template/commit/bc9ba0fd8cc7fbb3abc6759b351885a4501bce84"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-mj8m-c8w9-rw55",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "onion-site-template tor Secrets Baked Into Image"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-54872",
    "datePublished": "2025-08-05T23:40:46.900Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-07-31T17:23:33.473Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-08-06T20:33:38.316Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
  • In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
  • Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
  • The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
  • Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
  • Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable

An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.

CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords

An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.

Back to CWE stats page