Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-79

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.

CVE-2023-29201 (GCVE-0-2023-29201)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-04-15 14:24 – Updated: 2025-02-06 19:58
VLAI
Title
org.xwiki.commons:xwiki-commons-xml Cross-site Scripting vulnerability
Summary
XWiki Commons are technical libraries common to several other top level XWiki projects. The "restricted" mode of the HTML cleaner in XWiki, introduced in version 4.2-milestone-1, only escaped `<script>` and `<style>`-tags but neither attributes that can be used to inject scripts nor other dangerous HTML tags like `<iframe>`. As a consequence, any code relying on this "restricted" mode for security is vulnerable to JavaScript injection ("cross-site scripting"/XSS). When a privileged user with programming rights visits such a comment in XWiki, the malicious JavaScript code is executed in the context of the user session. This allows server-side code execution with programming rights, impacting the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the XWiki instance. This problem has been patched in XWiki 14.6 RC1 with the introduction of a filter with allowed HTML elements and attributes that is enabled in restricted mode. There are no known workarounds apart from upgrading to a version including the fix.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
xwiki xwiki-commons Affected: >= 4.2-milestone-1, < 14.6-rc-1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-29202 (GCVE-0-2023-29202)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-04-15 14:28 – Updated: 2025-02-06 19:58
VLAI
Title
org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-macro-rss Cross-site Scripting vulnerability
Summary
XWiki Commons are technical libraries common to several other top level XWiki projects. The RSS macro that is bundled in XWiki included the content of the feed items without any cleaning in the HTML output when the parameter `content` was set to `true`. This allowed arbitrary HTML and in particular also JavaScript injection and thus cross-site scripting (XSS) by specifying an RSS feed with malicious content. With the interaction of a user with programming rights, this could be used to execute arbitrary actions in the wiki, including privilege escalation, remote code execution, information disclosure, modifying or deleting content and sabotaging the wiki. The issue has been patched in XWiki 14.6 RC1, the content of the feed is now properly cleaned before being displayed. As a workaround, if the RSS macro isn't used in the wiki, the macro can be uninstalled by deleting `WEB-INF/lib/xwiki-platform-rendering-macro-rss-XX.jar`, where `XX` is XWiki's version, in the web application's directory.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
xwiki xwiki-platform Affected: >= 1.8, <= 3.0.1
Affected: < 14.6-rc-1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-29205 (GCVE-0-2023-29205)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-04-15 15:27 – Updated: 2025-02-06 17:11
VLAI
Title
org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-xwiki vulnerable to stored cross-site scripting via HTML and raw macro
Summary
XWiki Commons are technical libraries common to several other top level XWiki projects. The HTML macro does not systematically perform a proper neutralization of script-related html tags. As a result, any user able to use the html macro in XWiki, is able to introduce an XSS attack. This can be particularly dangerous since in a standard wiki, any user is able to use the html macro directly in their own user profile page. The problem has been patched in XWiki 14.8RC1. The patch involves the HTML macros and are systematically cleaned up whenever the user does not have the script correct.
Severity
10 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
xwiki xwiki-platform Affected: < 14.8-rc-1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-29206 (GCVE-0-2023-29206)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-04-15 15:41 – Updated: 2025-02-06 17:10
VLAI
Title
org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-skin-skinx vulnerable to basic Cross-site Scripting by exploiting JSX or SSX plugins
Summary
XWiki Commons are technical libraries common to several other top level XWiki projects. There was no check in the author of a JavaScript xobject or StyleSheet xobject added in a XWiki document, so until now it was possible for a user having only Edit Right to create such object and to craft a script allowing to perform some operations when executing by a user with appropriate rights. This has been patched in XWiki 14.9-rc-1 by only executing the script if the author of it has Script rights.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
xwiki xwiki-platform Affected: >= 3.0-milestone-1, < 14.9-rc-1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-29207 (GCVE-0-2023-29207)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-04-15 15:48 – Updated: 2025-02-06 17:09
VLAI
Title
Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags (XSS) in the LiveTable Macro
Summary
XWiki Commons are technical libraries common to several other top level XWiki projects. The Livetable Macro wasn't properly sanitizing column names, thus allowing the insertion of raw HTML code including JavaScript. This vulnerability was also exploitable via the Documents Macro that is included since XWiki 3.5M1 and doesn't require script rights, this can be demonstrated with the syntax `{{documents id="example" count="5" actions="false" columns="doc.title, before<script>alert(1)</script>after"/}}`. Therefore, this can also be exploited by users without script right and in comments. With the interaction of a user with more rights, this could be used to execute arbitrary actions in the wiki, including privilege escalation, remote code execution, information disclosure, modifying or deleting content. This has been patched in XWiki 14.9, 14.4.6, and 13.10.10.
Severity
8.9 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
xwiki xwiki-platform Affected: >= 1.9-milestone-2, < 13.10.10
Affected: >= 14.0-rc-1, < 14.4.6
Affected: >= 14.5, < 14.9
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-2922 (GCVE-0-2023-2922)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-05-27 07:31 – Updated: 2024-11-21 16:07
VLAI
Title
SourceCodester Comment System GET Parameter index.php cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in SourceCodester Comment System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file index.php of the component GET Parameter Handler. The manipulation of the argument msg leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-230076.
Severity
3.5 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
3.5 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Cross Site Scripting
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.230076 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.230076 signaturepermissions-required
https://github.com/kanyl6/CVERequest/blob/main/XSS.md exploit
Impacted products
Credits
kanyulu (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-29236 (GCVE-0-2023-29236)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-04-07 11:22 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:08
VLAI
Title
WordPress Outdoor Theme <= 3.9.6 is vulnerable to Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Summary
Unauth. Reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Cththemes Outdoor theme <= 3.9.6 versions.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cththemes Outdoor Affected: n/a , ≤ 3.9.6 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
FearZzZz (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-29247 (GCVE-0-2023-29247)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-05-08 09:01 – Updated: 2024-10-15 18:26
VLAI
Title
Stored XSS on Apache Airflow
Summary
Task instance details page in the UI is vulnerable to a stored XSS.This issue affects Apache Airflow: before 2.6.0.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache Airflow Affected: 0 , < 2.6.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
taidh from VNPT - VCI kuteminh11
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-2925 (GCVE-0-2023-2925)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-05-27 08:31 – Updated: 2024-08-02 06:41
VLAI
Title
Webkul krayin crm Edit Person Page 2 cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in Webkul krayin crm 1.2.4. This affects an unknown part of the file /admin/contacts/organizations/edit/2 of the component Edit Person Page. The manipulation of the argument Organization leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-230079. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
2.4 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
2.4 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Cross Site Scripting
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.230079 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.230079 signaturepermissions-required
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1t7JwP0Qyo6ye-2dt… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Webkul krayin crm Affected: 1.2.4
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
huutuanbg97 (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-29302 (GCVE-0-2023-29302)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-15 00:00 – Updated: 2025-03-05 18:56
VLAI
Title
Adobe Experience Manager | Cross-site Scripting (Reflected XSS) (CWE-79)
Summary
Adobe Experience Manager versions 6.5.16.0 (and earlier) is affected by a reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability. If a low-privileged attacker is able to convince a victim to visit a URL referencing a vulnerable page, malicious JavaScript content may be executed within the context of the victim's browser.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Cross-site Scripting (Reflected XSS) (CWE-79)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Adobe Adobe Experience Manager Affected: 0 , ≤ 6.5.16.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-06-13 17:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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            "environmentalSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "exploitCodeMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "modifiedAttackComplexity": "LOW",
            "modifiedAttackVector": "NETWORK",
            "modifiedAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "modifiedConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "modifiedIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
            "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "modifiedScope": "CHANGED",
            "modifiedUserInteraction": "REQUIRED",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "remediationLevel": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "reportConfidence": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "scope": "CHANGED",
            "temporalScore": 5.4,
            "temporalSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-79",
              "description": "Cross-site Scripting (Reflected XSS) (CWE-79)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2024-09-18T16:57:08.754Z",
        "orgId": "078d4453-3bcd-4900-85e6-15281da43538",
        "shortName": "adobe"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/experience-manager/apsb23-31.html"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "Adobe Experience Manager | Cross-site Scripting (Reflected XSS) (CWE-79)"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "078d4453-3bcd-4900-85e6-15281da43538",
    "assignerShortName": "adobe",
    "cveId": "CVE-2023-29302",
    "datePublished": "2023-06-15T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateReserved": "2023-04-04T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-03-05T18:56:09.204Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}
Mitigation ID: MIT-4

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Description:

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
  • Examples of libraries and frameworks that make it easier to generate properly encoded output include Microsoft's Anti-XSS library, the OWASP ESAPI Encoding module, and Apache Wicket.
Mitigation

Phases: Implementation, Architecture and Design

Description:

  • Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages. Study all expected communication protocols and data representations to determine the required encoding strategies.
  • For any data that will be output to another web page, especially any data that was received from external inputs, use the appropriate encoding on all non-alphanumeric characters.
  • Parts of the same output document may require different encodings, which will vary depending on whether the output is in the:
  • etc. Note that HTML Entity Encoding is only appropriate for the HTML body.
  • Consult the XSS Prevention Cheat Sheet [REF-724] for more details on the types of encoding and escaping that are needed.
  • HTML body
  • Element attributes (such as src="XYZ")
  • URIs
  • JavaScript sections
  • Cascading Style Sheets and style property
Mitigation ID: MIT-6

Phases: Architecture and Design, Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

Description:

  • Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
Mitigation ID: MIT-15

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation ID: MIT-27

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Parameterization

Description:

  • If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
Mitigation ID: MIT-30.1

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Output Encoding

Description:

  • Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.
  • The problem of inconsistent output encodings often arises in web pages. If an encoding is not specified in an HTTP header, web browsers often guess about which encoding is being used. This can open up the browser to subtle XSS attacks.
Mitigation ID: MIT-43

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • With Struts, write all data from form beans with the bean's filter attribute set to true.
Mitigation ID: MIT-31

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

Description:

  • To help mitigate XSS attacks against the user's session cookie, set the session cookie to be HttpOnly. In browsers that support the HttpOnly feature (such as more recent versions of Internet Explorer and Firefox), this attribute can prevent the user's session cookie from being accessible to malicious client-side scripts that use document.cookie. This is not a complete solution, since HttpOnly is not supported by all browsers. More importantly, XmlHttpRequest and other powerful browser technologies provide read access to HTTP headers, including the Set-Cookie header in which the HttpOnly flag is set.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • When dynamically constructing web pages, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set based on the expected value of the parameter in the request. All input should be validated and cleansed, not just parameters that the user is supposed to specify, but all data in the request, including hidden fields, cookies, headers, the URL itself, and so forth. A common mistake that leads to continuing XSS vulnerabilities is to validate only fields that are expected to be redisplayed by the site. It is common to see data from the request that is reflected by the application server or the application that the development team did not anticipate. Also, a field that is not currently reflected may be used by a future developer. Therefore, validating ALL parts of the HTTP request is recommended.
  • Note that proper output encoding, escaping, and quoting is the most effective solution for preventing XSS, although input validation may provide some defense-in-depth. This is because it effectively limits what will appear in output. Input validation will not always prevent XSS, especially if you are required to support free-form text fields that could contain arbitrary characters. For example, in a chat application, the heart emoticon ("<3") would likely pass the validation step, since it is commonly used. However, it cannot be directly inserted into the web page because it contains the "<" character, which would need to be escaped or otherwise handled. In this case, stripping the "<" might reduce the risk of XSS, but it would produce incorrect behavior because the emoticon would not be recorded. This might seem to be a minor inconvenience, but it would be more important in a mathematical forum that wants to represent inequalities.
  • Even if you make a mistake in your validation (such as forgetting one out of 100 input fields), appropriate encoding is still likely to protect you from injection-based attacks. As long as it is not done in isolation, input validation is still a useful technique, since it may significantly reduce your attack surface, allow you to detect some attacks, and provide other security benefits that proper encoding does not address.
  • Ensure that you perform input validation at well-defined interfaces within the application. This will help protect the application even if a component is reused or moved elsewhere.
Mitigation ID: MIT-21

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

Description:

  • When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
Mitigation ID: MIT-29

Phase: Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Description:

  • Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
Mitigation ID: MIT-16

Phases: Operation, Implementation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

  • When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.
CAPEC-209: XSS Using MIME Type Mismatch

An adversary creates a file with scripting content but where the specified MIME type of the file is such that scripting is not expected. The adversary tricks the victim into accessing a URL that responds with the script file. Some browsers will detect that the specified MIME type of the file does not match the actual type of its content and will automatically switch to using an interpreter for the real content type. If the browser does not invoke script filters before doing this, the adversary's script may run on the target unsanitized, possibly revealing the victim's cookies or executing arbitrary script in their browser.

CAPEC-588: DOM-Based XSS

This type of attack is a form of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) where a malicious script is inserted into the client-side HTML being parsed by a web browser. Content served by a vulnerable web application includes script code used to manipulate the Document Object Model (DOM). This script code either does not properly validate input, or does not perform proper output encoding, thus creating an opportunity for an adversary to inject a malicious script launch a XSS attack. A key distinction between other XSS attacks and DOM-based attacks is that in other XSS attacks, the malicious script runs when the vulnerable web page is initially loaded, while a DOM-based attack executes sometime after the page loads. Another distinction of DOM-based attacks is that in some cases, the malicious script is never sent to the vulnerable web server at all. An attack like this is guaranteed to bypass any server-side filtering attempts to protect users.

CAPEC-591: Reflected XSS

This type of attack is a form of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) where a malicious script is "reflected" off a vulnerable web application and then executed by a victim's browser. The process starts with an adversary delivering a malicious script to a victim and convincing the victim to send the script to the vulnerable web application.

CAPEC-592: Stored XSS

An adversary utilizes a form of Cross-site Scripting (XSS) where a malicious script is persistently "stored" within the data storage of a vulnerable web application as valid input.

CAPEC-63: Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)

An adversary embeds malicious scripts in content that will be served to web browsers. The goal of the attack is for the target software, the client-side browser, to execute the script with the users' privilege level. An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute code and scripts. Web browsers, for example, have some simple security controls in place, but if a remote attacker is allowed to execute scripts (through injecting them in to user-generated content like bulletin boards) then these controls may be bypassed. Further, these attacks are very difficult for an end user to detect.

CAPEC-85: AJAX Footprinting

This attack utilizes the frequent client-server roundtrips in Ajax conversation to scan a system. While Ajax does not open up new vulnerabilities per se, it does optimize them from an attacker point of view. A common first step for an attacker is to footprint the target environment to understand what attacks will work. Since footprinting relies on enumeration, the conversational pattern of rapid, multiple requests and responses that are typical in Ajax applications enable an attacker to look for many vulnerabilities, well-known ports, network locations and so on. The knowledge gained through Ajax fingerprinting can be used to support other attacks, such as XSS.

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