{
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              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2024-46787",
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                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
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                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
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          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
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        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
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          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
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          ],
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nuserfaultfd: fix checks for huge PMDs\n\nPatch series \"userfaultfd: fix races around pmd_trans_huge() check\", v2.\n\nThe pmd_trans_huge() code in mfill_atomic() is wrong in three different\nways depending on kernel version:\n\n1. The pmd_trans_huge() check is racy and can lead to a BUG_ON() (if you hit\n   the right two race windows) - I\u0027ve tested this in a kernel build with\n   some extra mdelay() calls. See the commit message for a description\n   of the race scenario.\n   On older kernels (before 6.5), I think the same bug can even\n   theoretically lead to accessing transhuge page contents as a page table\n   if you hit the right 5 narrow race windows (I haven\u0027t tested this case).\n2. As pointed out by Qi Zheng, pmd_trans_huge() is not sufficient for\n   detecting PMDs that don\u0027t point to page tables.\n   On older kernels (before 6.5), you\u0027d just have to win a single fairly\n   wide race to hit this.\n   I\u0027ve tested this on 6.1 stable by racing migration (with a mdelay()\n   patched into try_to_migrate()) against UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE - on my x86\n   VM, that causes a kernel oops in ptlock_ptr().\n3. On newer kernels (\u003e=6.5), for shmem mappings, khugepaged is allowed\n   to yank page tables out from under us (though I haven\u0027t tested that),\n   so I think the BUG_ON() checks in mfill_atomic() are just wrong.\n\nI decided to write two separate fixes for these (one fix for bugs 1+2, one\nfix for bug 3), so that the first fix can be backported to kernels\naffected by bugs 1+2.\n\n\nThis patch (of 2):\n\nThis fixes two issues.\n\nI discovered that the following race can occur:\n\n  mfill_atomic                other thread\n  ============                ============\n                              \u003czap PMD\u003e\n  pmdp_get_lockless() [reads none pmd]\n  \u003cbail if trans_huge\u003e\n  \u003cif none:\u003e\n                              \u003cpagefault creates transhuge zeropage\u003e\n    __pte_alloc [no-op]\n                              \u003czap PMD\u003e\n  \u003cbail if pmd_trans_huge(*dst_pmd)\u003e\n  BUG_ON(pmd_none(*dst_pmd))\n\nI have experimentally verified this in a kernel with extra mdelay() calls;\nthe BUG_ON(pmd_none(*dst_pmd)) triggers.\n\nOn kernels newer than commit 0d940a9b270b (\"mm/pgtable: allow\npte_offset_map[_lock]() to fail\"), this can\u0027t lead to anything worse than\na BUG_ON(), since the page table access helpers are actually designed to\ndeal with page tables concurrently disappearing; but on older kernels\n(\u003c=6.4), I think we could probably theoretically race past the two\nBUG_ON() checks and end up treating a hugepage as a page table.\n\nThe second issue is that, as Qi Zheng pointed out, there are other types\nof huge PMDs that pmd_trans_huge() can\u0027t catch: devmap PMDs and swap PMDs\n(in particular, migration PMDs).\n\nOn \u003c=6.4, this is worse than the first issue: If mfill_atomic() runs on a\nPMD that contains a migration entry (which just requires winning a single,\nfairly wide race), it will pass the PMD to pte_offset_map_lock(), which\nassumes that the PMD points to a page table.\n\nBreakage follows: First, the kernel tries to take the PTE lock (which will\ncrash or maybe worse if there is no \"struct page\" for the address bits in\nthe migration entry PMD - I think at least on X86 there usually is no\ncorresponding \"struct page\" thanks to the PTE inversion mitigation, amd64\nlooks different).\n\nIf that didn\u0027t crash, the kernel would next try to write a PTE into what\nit wrongly thinks is a page table.\n\nAs part of fixing these issues, get rid of the check for pmd_trans_huge()\nbefore __pte_alloc() - that\u0027s redundant, we\u0027re going to have to check for\nthat after the __pte_alloc() anyway.\n\nBackport note: pmdp_get_lockless() is pmd_read_atomic() in older kernels."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached through the `userfaultfd(2)` syscall (or `/dev/userfaultfd`) followed by `UFFDIO_REGISTER` and `UFFDIO_COPY`/`UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE` ioctls on the attacker\u0027s own address space. This requires local execution on the target system; there is no remote or adjacent network path into `mm/userfaultfd.c`.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race entirely from their own threads \u2014 one thread spins on `UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE`/`UFFDIO_COPY` while another drives `MADV_DONTNEED`/THP faults or forces PMD migration via `move_pages()`, NUMA balancing, or compaction \u2014 and the operation can be retried in a tight loop with no lockout or rate limit. The commit author characterizes the migration variant as \"a single, fairly wide race,\" and THP is enabled in essentially all production kernel configurations.\nPR:L - `userfaultfd_syscall_allowed()` returns true unconditionally when `UFFD_USER_MODE_ONLY` is set, so any unprivileged local user obtains a userfaultfd regardless of `CAP_SYS_PTRACE` or the `vm.unprivileged_userfaultfd` sysctl; on kernels in the affected range below 5.11 the syscall was unrestricted or defaulted to permitted. `validate_dst_vma()` only requires the target VMA to be uffd-registered, which the attacker does to their own mapping.\nUI:N - The attacker\u0027s own threads perform every step \u2014 creating the uffd, registering the VMA, and racing the ioctl against PMD teardown/migration. No victim action or interaction is involved.\nS:U - The corruption occurs in kernel page-table handling for the attacker\u0027s own mm and stays within the kernel\u0027s security authority, which is the standard local privilege-escalation scope. No hypervisor, IOMMU, or other trust boundary is crossed.\nC:H - On kernels \u22646.4 the kernel passes a migration/huge PMD to `pte_offset_map_lock()` and then writes a PTE into memory that is actually transhuge page contents the attacker has mapped, disclosing kernel-generated physical addresses and PTE flags. The resulting page-table-injection primitive can be leveraged into arbitrary physical memory reads.\nI:H - `set_pte_at()` writes a PTE into non-page-table memory at an attacker-influenced location, and `spin_lock()` is taken on a wild `ptlock_ptr()` derived from attacker-influenced PFN bits \u2014 both are kernel write primitives. Injecting attacker-controlled data into a structure used as a page table is a well-known route to arbitrary write and full control-flow hijack.\nA:H - The race reliably reaches `BUG_ON(pmd_none(*dst_pmd))`, which the author experimentally verified, and the migration-PMD variant produced a confirmed kernel oops in `ptlock_ptr()` on 6.1 stable. Either outcome is a kernel panic/oops, and it can be triggered repeatedly by any local user."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:38:33.153Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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      "references": [
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3c6b4bcf37845c9359aed926324bed66bdd2448d"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/98cc18b1b71e23fe81a5194ed432b20c2d81a01a"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/71c186efc1b2cf1aeabfeff3b9bd5ac4c5ac14d8"
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      ],
      "title": "userfaultfd: fix checks for huge PMDs",
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  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2024-46787",
    "datePublished": "2024-09-18T07:12:43.264Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-09-11T15:12:18.278Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:38:33.153Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
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}

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                "id": "CVE-2024-50047",
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                  {
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                "timestamp": "2024-10-22T13:23:59.456851Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
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          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T20:43:16.334Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
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        "references": [
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html"
          },
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00001.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "fs/smb/client/smb2ops.c",
            "fs/smb/client/smb2pdu.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
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            "fs/smb/client/smb2pdu.c"
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          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.4"
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
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              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.237",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.181",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.128",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.57",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.11.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.11.4",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
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                  "vulnerable": true
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                {
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                },
                {
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                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12",
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                  "vulnerable": true
                }
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              "operator": "OR"
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsmb: client: fix UAF in async decryption\n\nDoing an async decryption (large read) crashes with a\nslab-use-after-free way down in the crypto API.\n\nReproducer:\n    # mount.cifs -o ...,seal,esize=1 //srv/share /mnt\n    # dd if=/mnt/largefile of=/dev/null\n    ...\n    [  194.196391] ==================================================================\n    [  194.196844] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in gf128mul_4k_lle+0xc1/0x110\n    [  194.197269] Read of size 8 at addr ffff888112bd0448 by task kworker/u77:2/899\n    [  194.197707]\n    [  194.197818] CPU: 12 UID: 0 PID: 899 Comm: kworker/u77:2 Not tainted 6.11.0-lku-00028-gfca3ca14a17a-dirty #43\n    [  194.198400] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.16.2-3-gd478f380-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014\n    [  194.199046] Workqueue: smb3decryptd smb2_decrypt_offload [cifs]\n    [  194.200032] Call Trace:\n    [  194.200191]  \u003cTASK\u003e\n    [  194.200327]  dump_stack_lvl+0x4e/0x70\n    [  194.200558]  ? gf128mul_4k_lle+0xc1/0x110\n    [  194.200809]  print_report+0x174/0x505\n    [  194.201040]  ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x10/0x10\n    [  194.201352]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n    [  194.201604]  ? __virt_addr_valid+0xdf/0x1c0\n    [  194.201868]  ? gf128mul_4k_lle+0xc1/0x110\n    [  194.202128]  kasan_report+0xc8/0x150\n    [  194.202361]  ? gf128mul_4k_lle+0xc1/0x110\n    [  194.202616]  gf128mul_4k_lle+0xc1/0x110\n    [  194.202863]  ghash_update+0x184/0x210\n    [  194.203103]  shash_ahash_update+0x184/0x2a0\n    [  194.203377]  ? __pfx_shash_ahash_update+0x10/0x10\n    [  194.203651]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n    [  194.203877]  ? crypto_gcm_init_common+0x1ba/0x340\n    [  194.204142]  gcm_hash_assoc_remain_continue+0x10a/0x140\n    [  194.204434]  crypt_message+0xec1/0x10a0 [cifs]\n    [  194.206489]  ? __pfx_crypt_message+0x10/0x10 [cifs]\n    [  194.208507]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n    [  194.209205]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n    [  194.209925]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n    [  194.210443]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n    [  194.211037]  decrypt_raw_data+0x15f/0x250 [cifs]\n    [  194.212906]  ? __pfx_decrypt_raw_data+0x10/0x10 [cifs]\n    [  194.214670]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n    [  194.215193]  smb2_decrypt_offload+0x12a/0x6c0 [cifs]\n\nThis is because TFM is being used in parallel.\n\nFix this by allocating a new AEAD TFM for async decryption, but keep\nthe existing one for synchronous READ cases (similar to what is done\nin smb3_calc_signature()).\n\nAlso remove the calls to aead_request_set_callback() and\ncrypto_wait_req() since it\u0027s always going to be a synchronous operation."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 9.8,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsunrpc: fix one UAF issue caused by sunrpc kernel tcp socket\n\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in tcp_write_timer_handler+0x156/0x3e0\nRead of size 1 at addr ffff888111f322cd by task swapper/0/0\n\nCPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.12.0-rc4-dirty #7\nHardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1\nCall Trace:\n \u003cIRQ\u003e\n dump_stack_lvl+0x68/0xa0\n print_address_description.constprop.0+0x2c/0x3d0\n print_report+0xb4/0x270\n kasan_report+0xbd/0xf0\n tcp_write_timer_handler+0x156/0x3e0\n tcp_write_timer+0x66/0x170\n call_timer_fn+0xfb/0x1d0\n __run_timers+0x3f8/0x480\n run_timer_softirq+0x9b/0x100\n handle_softirqs+0x153/0x390\n __irq_exit_rcu+0x103/0x120\n irq_exit_rcu+0xe/0x20\n sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x76/0x90\n \u003c/IRQ\u003e\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20\nRIP: 0010:default_idle+0xf/0x20\nCode: 4c 01 c7 4c 29 c2 e9 72 ff ff ff 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90\n 90 90 90 90 f3 0f 1e fa 66 90 0f 00 2d 33 f8 25 00 fb f4 \u003cfa\u003e c3 cc cc cc\n cc 66 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 90 90 90 90 90\nRSP: 0018:ffffffffa2007e28 EFLAGS: 00000242\nRAX: 00000000000f3b31 RBX: 1ffffffff4400fc7 RCX: ffffffffa09c3196\nRDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffffffff9f00590f\nRBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: ffffed102360835d\nR10: ffff88811b041aeb R11: 0000000000000001 R12: 0000000000000000\nR13: ffffffffa202d7c0 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 00000000000147d0\n default_idle_call+0x6b/0xa0\n cpuidle_idle_call+0x1af/0x1f0\n do_idle+0xbc/0x130\n cpu_startup_entry+0x33/0x40\n rest_init+0x11f/0x210\n start_kernel+0x39a/0x420\n x86_64_start_reservations+0x18/0x30\n x86_64_start_kernel+0x97/0xa0\n common_startup_64+0x13e/0x141\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\n\nAllocated by task 595:\n kasan_save_stack+0x24/0x50\n kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30\n __kasan_slab_alloc+0x87/0x90\n kmem_cache_alloc_noprof+0x12b/0x3f0\n copy_net_ns+0x94/0x380\n create_new_namespaces+0x24c/0x500\n unshare_nsproxy_namespaces+0x75/0xf0\n ksys_unshare+0x24e/0x4f0\n __x64_sys_unshare+0x1f/0x30\n do_syscall_64+0x70/0x180\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n\nFreed by task 100:\n kasan_save_stack+0x24/0x50\n kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30\n kasan_save_free_info+0x3b/0x60\n __kasan_slab_free+0x54/0x70\n kmem_cache_free+0x156/0x5d0\n cleanup_net+0x5d3/0x670\n process_one_work+0x776/0xa90\n worker_thread+0x2e2/0x560\n kthread+0x1a8/0x1f0\n ret_from_fork+0x34/0x60\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n\nReproduction script:\n\nmkdir -p /mnt/nfsshare\nmkdir -p /mnt/nfs/netns_1\nmkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb\nmount /dev/sdb /mnt/nfsshare\nsystemctl restart nfs-server\nchmod 777 /mnt/nfsshare\nexportfs -i -o rw,no_root_squash *:/mnt/nfsshare\n\nip netns add netns_1\nip link add name veth_1_peer type veth peer veth_1\nifconfig veth_1_peer 11.11.0.254 up\nip link set veth_1 netns netns_1\nip netns exec netns_1 ifconfig veth_1 11.11.0.1\n\nip netns exec netns_1 /root/iptables -A OUTPUT -d 11.11.0.254 -p tcp \\\n\t--tcp-flags FIN FIN  -j DROP\n\n(note: In my environment, a DESTROY_CLIENTID operation is always sent\n immediately, breaking the nfs tcp connection.)\nip netns exec netns_1 timeout -s 9 300 mount -t nfs -o proto=tcp,vers=4.1 \\\n\t11.11.0.254:/mnt/nfsshare /mnt/nfs/netns_1\n\nip netns del netns_1\n\nThe reason here is that the tcp socket in netns_1 (nfs side) has been\nshutdown and closed (done in xs_destroy), but the FIN message (with ack)\nis discarded, and the nfsd side keeps sending retransmission messages.\nAs a result, when the tcp sock in netns_1 processes the received message,\nit sends the message (FIN message) in the sending queue, and the tcp timer\nis re-established. When the network namespace is deleted, the net structure\naccessed by tcp\u0027s timer handler function causes problems.\n\nTo fix this problem, let\u0027s hold netns refcnt for the tcp kernel socket as\ndone in other modules. This is an ugly hack which can easily be backported\nto earlier kernels. A proper fix which cleans up the interfaces will\nfollow, but may not be so easy to backport."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - Triggering the UAF requires local operations \u2014 creating a network namespace via unshare(CLONE_NEWNET), establishing a sunrpc TCP transport in it, and destroying the namespace so cleanup_net() frees the struct net. A remote peer only controls the enabling condition (withholding the FIN ACK so the retransmit timer stays armed); it cannot initiate the namespace teardown that constitutes the free.\nAC:L - The upstream reproducer is a deterministic script: the attacker controls both sides \u2014 keeping the TCP retransmit timer armed (drop the FIN, or use a peer that never ACKs) and the timing of the netns deletion. No condition depends on chance or on state the attacker cannot influence.\nPR:L - The freeing half of the UAF is driven by the ordinary, unprivileged unshare(CLONE_NEWNET) syscall path shown in the KASAN allocation trace, and in containerized deployments the namespace-confined \"root\" that creates the netns, mounts NFS, and tears the netns down is an unprivileged principal on the host. Choosing the higher severity where privilege attribution is ambiguous, this is Low rather than High.\nUI:N - The entire sequence \u2014 namespace creation, RPC transport setup, blocking the FIN, and namespace deletion \u2014 is performed by the attacker\u0027s own processes. No action by a separate victim user is needed.\nS:U - The use-after-free corrupts kernel memory and is exploited within the kernel\u0027s own security authority; there is no crossing into a different security scope such as a hypervisor or IOMMU boundary.\nC:H - tcp_retransmit_timer() reads sysctl fields and the net-\u003emib percpu pointer out of the freed struct net; with the net_namespace slab object reclaimed by attacker-groomed allocations this becomes a controlled read primitive, and per guidance any use-after-free is scored High.\nI:H - __NET_INC_STATS() dereferences and increments through a percpu pointer loaded from the freed struct net, giving a write through an attacker-influenceable stale pointer; a use-after-free of a groomable slab object is exploitable for heap manipulation and control-flow hijacking.\nA:H - The confirmed observable effect is a KASAN slab-use-after-free in tcp_write_timer_handler() executing in softirq/IRQ context on the idle CPU, which readily oopses or panics the machine."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:44:16.587Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0ca87e5063757132a044d35baba40a7d4bb25394"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/694ccb05b79ee5f5a9f14c2f80d2635d3bb8bdc3"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/61c0a5eac96836de5e3a5897eccdc63162a94936"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3f23f96528e8fcf8619895c4c916c52653892ec1"
        }
      ],
      "title": "sunrpc: fix one UAF issue caused by sunrpc kernel tcp socket",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2024-53168",
    "datePublished": "2024-12-27T13:49:14.165Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-11-19T17:17:25.005Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:44:16.587Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "LOCAL",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 7.8,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2024-56551",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-03-06T16:07:43.843421Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-416",
                "description": "CWE-416 Use After Free",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-03-06T16:14:32.718Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T20:49:24.909Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00001.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_device.c",
            "drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_vce.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "3cc1116de10953f0265a05d9f351b02a9ec3b497",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d38ceaf99ed015f2a0b9af3499791bd3a3daae21",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "05b1b33936b71e5f189a813a517f72e8a27fcb2f",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d38ceaf99ed015f2a0b9af3499791bd3a3daae21",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "3990ef742c064e22189b954522930db04fc6b1a7",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d38ceaf99ed015f2a0b9af3499791bd3a3daae21",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6383199ada42d30562b4249c393592a2a9c38165",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d38ceaf99ed015f2a0b9af3499791bd3a3daae21",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "b61badd20b443eabe132314669bb51a263982e5c",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d38ceaf99ed015f2a0b9af3499791bd3a3daae21",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_device.c",
            "drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_vce.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.2",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.181",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.127",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.64",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.4",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.13",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.181",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.2",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.127",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.2",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.64",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.2",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.4",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.2",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.13",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.2",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/amdgpu: fix usage slab after free\n\n[  +0.000021] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in drm_sched_entity_flush+0x6cb/0x7a0 [gpu_sched]\n[  +0.000027] Read of size 8 at addr ffff8881b8605f88 by task amd_pci_unplug/2147\n\n[  +0.000023] CPU: 6 PID: 2147 Comm: amd_pci_unplug Not tainted 6.10.0+ #1\n[  +0.000016] Hardware name: ASUS System Product Name/ROG STRIX B550-F GAMING (WI-FI), BIOS 1401 12/03/2020\n[  +0.000016] Call Trace:\n[  +0.000008]  \u003cTASK\u003e\n[  +0.000009]  dump_stack_lvl+0x76/0xa0\n[  +0.000017]  print_report+0xce/0x5f0\n[  +0.000017]  ? drm_sched_entity_flush+0x6cb/0x7a0 [gpu_sched]\n[  +0.000019]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n[  +0.000015]  ? kasan_complete_mode_report_info+0x72/0x200\n[  +0.000016]  ? drm_sched_entity_flush+0x6cb/0x7a0 [gpu_sched]\n[  +0.000019]  kasan_report+0xbe/0x110\n[  +0.000015]  ? drm_sched_entity_flush+0x6cb/0x7a0 [gpu_sched]\n[  +0.000023]  __asan_report_load8_noabort+0x14/0x30\n[  +0.000014]  drm_sched_entity_flush+0x6cb/0x7a0 [gpu_sched]\n[  +0.000020]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n[  +0.000013]  ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x30\n[  +0.000016]  ? __pfx_drm_sched_entity_flush+0x10/0x10 [gpu_sched]\n[  +0.000020]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n[  +0.000013]  ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x30\n[  +0.000013]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n[  +0.000013]  ? enable_work+0x124/0x220\n[  +0.000015]  ? __pfx_enable_work+0x10/0x10\n[  +0.000013]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n[  +0.000014]  ? free_large_kmalloc+0x85/0xf0\n[  +0.000016]  drm_sched_entity_destroy+0x18/0x30 [gpu_sched]\n[  +0.000020]  amdgpu_vce_sw_fini+0x55/0x170 [amdgpu]\n[  +0.000735]  ? __kasan_check_read+0x11/0x20\n[  +0.000016]  vce_v4_0_sw_fini+0x80/0x110 [amdgpu]\n[  +0.000726]  amdgpu_device_fini_sw+0x331/0xfc0 [amdgpu]\n[  +0.000679]  ? mutex_unlock+0x80/0xe0\n[  +0.000017]  ? __pfx_amdgpu_device_fini_sw+0x10/0x10 [amdgpu]\n[  +0.000662]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n[  +0.000014]  ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x30\n[  +0.000013]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n[  +0.000013]  ? mutex_unlock+0x80/0xe0\n[  +0.000016]  amdgpu_driver_release_kms+0x16/0x80 [amdgpu]\n[  +0.000663]  drm_minor_release+0xc9/0x140 [drm]\n[  +0.000081]  drm_release+0x1fd/0x390 [drm]\n[  +0.000082]  __fput+0x36c/0xad0\n[  +0.000018]  __fput_sync+0x3c/0x50\n[  +0.000014]  __x64_sys_close+0x7d/0xe0\n[  +0.000014]  x64_sys_call+0x1bc6/0x2680\n[  +0.000014]  do_syscall_64+0x70/0x130\n[  +0.000014]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n[  +0.000014]  ? irqentry_exit_to_user_mode+0x60/0x190\n[  +0.000015]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n[  +0.000014]  ? irqentry_exit+0x43/0x50\n[  +0.000012]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n[  +0.000013]  ? exc_page_fault+0x7c/0x110\n[  +0.000015]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n[  +0.000014] RIP: 0033:0x7ffff7b14f67\n[  +0.000013] Code: ff e8 0d 16 02 00 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 00 f3 0f 1e fa 64 8b 04 25 18 00 00 00 85 c0 75 10 b8 03 00 00 00 0f 05 \u003c48\u003e 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 41 c3 48 83 ec 18 89 7c 24 0c e8 73 ba f7 ff\n[  +0.000026] RSP: 002b:00007fffffffe378 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000003\n[  +0.000019] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007ffff7b14f67\n[  +0.000014] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00007ffff7f6f47a RDI: 0000000000000003\n[  +0.000014] RBP: 00007fffffffe3a0 R08: 0000555555569890 R09: 0000000000000000\n[  +0.000014] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007fffffffe5c8\n[  +0.000013] R13: 00005555555552a9 R14: 0000555555557d48 R15: 00007ffff7ffd040\n[  +0.000020]  \u003c/TASK\u003e\n\n[  +0.000016] Allocated by task 383 on cpu 7 at 26.880319s:\n[  +0.000014]  kasan_save_stack+0x28/0x60\n[  +0.000008]  kasan_save_track+0x18/0x70\n[  +0.000007]  kasan_save_alloc_info+0x38/0x60\n[  +0.000007]  __kasan_kmalloc+0xc1/0xd0\n[  +0.000007]  kmalloc_trace_noprof+0x180/0x380\n[  +0.000007]  drm_sched_init+0x411/0xec0 [gpu_sched]\n[  +0.000012]  amdgpu_device_init+0x695f/0xa610 [amdgpu]\n[  +0.000658]  amdgpu_driver_load_kms+0x1a/0x120 [amdgpu]\n[  +0.000662]  amdgpu_pci_p\n---truncated---"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is reached only through local kernel paths \u2014 a `close(2)` on the `/dev/dri/card*` DRM file descriptor driving `drm_release` \u2192 `amdgpu_driver_release_kms` \u2192 `amdgpu_device_fini_sw` \u2014 with no network or remote-peer input involved. No physical device interaction is needed since PCI unbind/removal and driver unload are software-initiated on the local host.\nAC:L - This is a deterministic ordering defect, not a race: `drm_sched_fini()` frees the `drm_sched_rq` objects and `drm_sched_entity_flush()` dereferences the stale `entity-\u003erq` later in the same thread, so it triggers on every teardown of an affected ASIC. Heap reclaim of the 64-byte object is aided by the wide window spanning all of `amdgpu_device_ip_fini()` and by the attacker controlling when the last fd is closed.\nPR:L - The use-after-free executes in the context of an unprivileged process\u0027s `close()` of its DRM fd, and `/dev/dri/card*`/`renderD*` are accessible to ordinary users in the video/render groups on desktop, kiosk, and container hosts. That same unprivileged user can groom kmalloc-64 concurrently to reclaim the freed `drm_sched_rq` with controlled contents, so no administrative capability is required to reach or weaponize the corrupted path.\nUI:N - No victim action is required \u2014 the corruption occurs automatically within the driver\u0027s own cleanup sequence once the release path runs, in the attacker\u0027s own process context. There is no prompt, file open, or mount performed by another user.\nS:U - The freed `drm_sched_rq` and the resulting corruption are entirely within the kernel\u0027s own memory and security authority. No hypervisor, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The bug is a slab use-after-free that yields an attacker-influenceable `struct drm_gpu_scheduler *` read from reclaimed memory (`sched = entity-\u003erq-\u003esched`), which is then dereferenced \u2014 giving a controlled-address read primitive that can be leveraged to disclose arbitrary kernel memory and defeat KASLR.\nI:H - The stale `rq` is written through as well: `spin_lock(\u0026rq-\u003elock)`, `rq-\u003ecurrent_entity = NULL`, `list_del_init()`, and `rb_erase()` all mutate freed memory, and `atomic_dec(rq-\u003esched-\u003escore)` plus the wait-queue manipulation in `wait_event_killable(sched-\u003ejob_scheduled, ...)` provide arbitrary-address decrement and list-linkage writes usable for control-flow hijacking.\nA:H - Even without exploitation the stale pointer dereference and list/rbtree operations on freed slab memory reliably produce a kernel oops or panic, as demonstrated by the KASAN slab-use-after-free report during the pci_unplug test. The crash occurs in a non-recoverable teardown path."
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\npps: Fix a use-after-free\n\nOn a board running ntpd and gpsd, I\u0027m seeing a consistent use-after-free\nin sys_exit() from gpsd when rebooting:\n\n    pps pps1: removed\n    ------------[ cut here ]------------\n    kobject: \u0027(null)\u0027 (00000000db4bec24): is not initialized, yet kobject_put() is being called.\n    WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 440 at lib/kobject.c:734 kobject_put+0x120/0x150\n    CPU: 2 UID: 299 PID: 440 Comm: gpsd Not tainted 6.11.0-rc6-00308-gb31c44928842 #1\n    Hardware name: Raspberry Pi 4 Model B Rev 1.1 (DT)\n    pstate: 60000005 (nZCv daif -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)\n    pc : kobject_put+0x120/0x150\n    lr : kobject_put+0x120/0x150\n    sp : ffffffc0803d3ae0\n    x29: ffffffc0803d3ae0 x28: ffffff8042dc9738 x27: 0000000000000001\n    x26: 0000000000000000 x25: ffffff8042dc9040 x24: ffffff8042dc9440\n    x23: ffffff80402a4620 x22: ffffff8042ef4bd0 x21: ffffff80405cb600\n    x20: 000000000008001b x19: ffffff8040b3b6e0 x18: 0000000000000000\n    x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: 696e6920746f6e20\n    x14: 7369203a29343263 x13: 205d303434542020 x12: 0000000000000000\n    x11: 0000000000000000 x10: 0000000000000000 x9 : 0000000000000000\n    x8 : 0000000000000000 x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : 0000000000000000\n    x5 : 0000000000000000 x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : 0000000000000000\n    x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : 0000000000000000\n    Call trace:\n     kobject_put+0x120/0x150\n     cdev_put+0x20/0x3c\n     __fput+0x2c4/0x2d8\n     ____fput+0x1c/0x38\n     task_work_run+0x70/0xfc\n     do_exit+0x2a0/0x924\n     do_group_exit+0x34/0x90\n     get_signal+0x7fc/0x8c0\n     do_signal+0x128/0x13b4\n     do_notify_resume+0xdc/0x160\n     el0_svc+0xd4/0xf8\n     el0t_64_sync_handler+0x140/0x14c\n     el0t_64_sync+0x190/0x194\n    ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n\n...followed by more symptoms of corruption, with similar stacks:\n\n    refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.\n    kernel BUG at lib/list_debug.c:62!\n    Kernel panic - not syncing: Oops - BUG: Fatal exception\n\nThis happens because pps_device_destruct() frees the pps_device with the\nembedded cdev immediately after calling cdev_del(), but, as the comment\nabove cdev_del() notes, fops for previously opened cdevs are still\ncallable even after cdev_del() returns. I think this bug has always\nbeen there: I can\u0027t explain why it suddenly started happening every time\nI reboot this particular board.\n\nIn commit d953e0e837e6 (\"pps: Fix a use-after free bug when\nunregistering a source.\"), George Spelvin suggested removing the\nembedded cdev. That seems like the simplest way to fix this, so I\u0027ve\nimplemented his suggestion, using __register_chrdev() with pps_idr\nbecoming the source of truth for which minor corresponds to which\ndevice.\n\nBut now that pps_idr defines userspace visibility instead of cdev_add(),\nwe need to be sure the pps-\u003edev refcount can\u0027t reach zero while\nuserspace can still find it again. So, the idr_remove() call moves to\npps_unregister_cdev(), and pps_idr now holds a reference to pps-\u003edev.\n\n    pps_core: source serial1 got cdev (251:1)\n    \u003c...\u003e\n    pps pps1: removed\n    pps_core: unregistering pps1\n    pps_core: deallocating pps1"
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached through local file descriptor operations \u2014 a TIOCSETD ioctl on a tty/pty to register and unregister the PPS source, plus open()/close() on the /dev/ppsN character device. No network or remote input is involved.\nAC:L - The attacker controls every step of the sequence (create pty, set N_PPS ldisc, open /dev/ppsN, tear down the ldisc, close the fd), and the use-after-free in __fput()\u0027s cdev_put() follows deterministically from that ordering with no race the attacker cannot control. The reporter observed it reproduce consistently on every reboot, and the sequence can be repeated indefinitely to groom the heap.\nPR:L - No capability is checked anywhere on the path \u2014 TIOCSETD/N_PPS requires no privilege, pps_cdev_open()/pps_cdev_release() have no capable() call, and only PPS_SETPARAMS/PPS_KC_BIND need CAP_SYS_TIME. An unprivileged local account with access to /dev/ppsN (granted by the standard udev rules shipped on the GPS/NTP, telecom and industrial timing systems where PPS is deployed, so gpsd/chrony/ntpsec can run non-root) can drive the entire sequence.\nUI:N - The attacker performs all steps itself from a single process using its own pty and its own file descriptors; no action by any other user or administrator is required.\nS:U - The freed object, the corrupted memory, and the resulting code execution all reside in the kernel of the same host \u2014 this is a standard local privilege-escalation primitive with no crossing of a VM, IOMMU, or sandbox authority boundary.\nC:H - The use-after-free lets the attacker reclaim the freed struct pps_device from a generic kmalloc cache and have the kernel dereference attacker-supplied pointers from it (cdev-\u003eowner, kobj-\u003ektype, kobj-\u003ename), yielding an arbitrary kernel read primitive and full disclosure of kernel memory.\nI:H - kobject_cleanup() performs an indirect call through t-\u003erelease read out of the freed object, and cdev_purge() does list_del_init() on freed list heads \u2014 giving an arbitrary function-pointer call, an arbitrary unlink write, and an arbitrary kfree(), all sufficient for control-flow hijacking and privilege escalation.\nA:H - Even without exploitation the bug reliably corrupts the kernel \u2014 the reporter documented kobject_put() warnings, \"refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free\", \"kernel BUG at lib/list_debug.c:62\" and \"Kernel panic - not syncing: Oops - BUG: Fatal exception\", a complete denial of service triggerable at will."
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