CVE-2021-41138 (GCVE-0-2021-41138)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-10-13 15:15 – Updated: 2024-08-04 02:59
VLAI?
Summary
Frontier is Substrate's Ethereum compatibility layer. In the newly introduced signed Frontier-specific extrinsic for `pallet-ethereum`, a large part of transaction validation logic was only called in transaction pool validation, but not in block execution. Malicious validators can take advantage of this to put invalid transactions into a block. The attack is limited in that the signature is always validated, and the majority of the validation is done again in the subsequent `pallet-evm` execution logic. However, do note that a chain ID replay attack was possible. In addition, spamming attacks are of main concerns, while they are limited by Substrate block size limits and other factors. The issue is patched in commit `146bb48849e5393004be5c88beefe76fdf009aba`.
Severity ?
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
paritytech frontier Affected: < 146bb48
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-04T02:59:31.757Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_CONFIRM",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-vj62-g63v-f8mf"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/497"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/146bb48849e5393004be5c88beefe76fdf009aba"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "frontier",
          "vendor": "paritytech",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 146bb48"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Frontier is Substrate\u0027s Ethereum compatibility layer. In the newly introduced signed Frontier-specific extrinsic for `pallet-ethereum`, a large part of transaction validation logic was only called in transaction pool validation, but not in block execution. Malicious validators can take advantage of this to put invalid transactions into a block. The attack is limited in that the signature is always validated, and the majority of the validation is done again in the subsequent `pallet-evm` execution logic. However, do note that a chain ID replay attack was possible. In addition, spamming attacks are of main concerns, while they are limited by Substrate block size limits and other factors. The issue is patched in commit `146bb48849e5393004be5c88beefe76fdf009aba`."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-20",
              "description": "CWE-20: Improper Input Validation",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2021-10-13T15:15:11",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-vj62-g63v-f8mf"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/497"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/146bb48849e5393004be5c88beefe76fdf009aba"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-vj62-g63v-f8mf",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Validity check for signed Frontier-specific extrinsic not called in block execution",
      "x_legacyV4Record": {
        "CVE_data_meta": {
          "ASSIGNER": "security-advisories@github.com",
          "ID": "CVE-2021-41138",
          "STATE": "PUBLIC",
          "TITLE": "Validity check for signed Frontier-specific extrinsic not called in block execution"
        },
        "affects": {
          "vendor": {
            "vendor_data": [
              {
                "product": {
                  "product_data": [
                    {
                      "product_name": "frontier",
                      "version": {
                        "version_data": [
                          {
                            "version_value": "\u003c 146bb48"
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    }
                  ]
                },
                "vendor_name": "paritytech"
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "data_format": "MITRE",
        "data_type": "CVE",
        "data_version": "4.0",
        "description": {
          "description_data": [
            {
              "lang": "eng",
              "value": "Frontier is Substrate\u0027s Ethereum compatibility layer. In the newly introduced signed Frontier-specific extrinsic for `pallet-ethereum`, a large part of transaction validation logic was only called in transaction pool validation, but not in block execution. Malicious validators can take advantage of this to put invalid transactions into a block. The attack is limited in that the signature is always validated, and the majority of the validation is done again in the subsequent `pallet-evm` execution logic. However, do note that a chain ID replay attack was possible. In addition, spamming attacks are of main concerns, while they are limited by Substrate block size limits and other factors. The issue is patched in commit `146bb48849e5393004be5c88beefe76fdf009aba`."
            }
          ]
        },
        "impact": {
          "cvss": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        "problemtype": {
          "problemtype_data": [
            {
              "description": [
                {
                  "lang": "eng",
                  "value": "CWE-20: Improper Input Validation"
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        },
        "references": {
          "reference_data": [
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-vj62-g63v-f8mf",
              "refsource": "CONFIRM",
              "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-vj62-g63v-f8mf"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/497",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/497"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/146bb48849e5393004be5c88beefe76fdf009aba",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "url": "https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/146bb48849e5393004be5c88beefe76fdf009aba"
            }
          ]
        },
        "source": {
          "advisory": "GHSA-vj62-g63v-f8mf",
          "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2021-41138",
    "datePublished": "2021-10-13T15:15:11",
    "dateReserved": "2021-09-15T00:00:00",
    "dateUpdated": "2024-08-04T02:59:31.757Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "fkie_nvd": {
      "configurations": "[{\"nodes\": [{\"operator\": \"OR\", \"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"vulnerable\": true, \"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:parity:frontier:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2021-09-30\", \"versionEndExcluding\": \"2021-10-13\", \"matchCriteriaId\": \"DFC2C906-5789-4816-87DF-5EB4B6760564\"}]}]}]",
      "descriptions": "[{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Frontier is Substrate\u0027s Ethereum compatibility layer. In the newly introduced signed Frontier-specific extrinsic for `pallet-ethereum`, a large part of transaction validation logic was only called in transaction pool validation, but not in block execution. Malicious validators can take advantage of this to put invalid transactions into a block. The attack is limited in that the signature is always validated, and the majority of the validation is done again in the subsequent `pallet-evm` execution logic. However, do note that a chain ID replay attack was possible. In addition, spamming attacks are of main concerns, while they are limited by Substrate block size limits and other factors. The issue is patched in commit `146bb48849e5393004be5c88beefe76fdf009aba`.\"}, {\"lang\": \"es\", \"value\": \"Frontier es la capa de compatibilidad con Ethereum de Substrate. En la reci\\u00e9n introducida extr\\u00ednseca espec\\u00edfica de Frontier para \\\"pallet-ethereum\\\", una gran parte de la l\\u00f3gica de comprobaci\\u00f3n de transacciones s\\u00f3lo se llamaba en la comprobaci\\u00f3n del conjunto de transacciones, pero no en la ejecuci\\u00f3n del bloque. Los comprobadores maliciosos pueden aprovechar esto para poner transacciones no v\\u00e1lidas en un bloque. El ataque est\\u00e1 limitado en el sentido de que la firma siempre es validada, y la mayor parte de la comprobaci\\u00f3n es realizada de nuevo en la l\\u00f3gica de ejecuci\\u00f3n posterior de \\\"pallet-evm\\\". Sin embargo, es debido tener en cuenta que es posible un ataque de repetici\\u00f3n de ID de cadena. Adem\\u00e1s, los ataques de spam son de las principales preocupaciones, mientras que est\\u00e1n limitados por los l\\u00edmites de tama\\u00f1o de bloque del sustrato y otros factores. El problema est\\u00e1 parcheado en el commit \\\"146bb48849e5393004be5c88beefe76fdf009aba\\\"\"}]",
      "id": "CVE-2021-41138",
      "lastModified": "2024-11-21T06:25:34.130",
      "metrics": "{\"cvssMetricV31\": [{\"source\": \"security-advisories@github.com\", \"type\": \"Secondary\", \"cvssData\": {\"version\": \"3.1\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N\", \"baseScore\": 5.3, \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"integrityImpact\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"NONE\"}, \"exploitabilityScore\": 3.9, \"impactScore\": 1.4}, {\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"cvssData\": {\"version\": \"3.1\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N\", \"baseScore\": 5.3, \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"integrityImpact\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"NONE\"}, \"exploitabilityScore\": 3.9, \"impactScore\": 1.4}], \"cvssMetricV2\": [{\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"cvssData\": {\"version\": \"2.0\", \"vectorString\": \"AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N\", \"baseScore\": 5.0, \"accessVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"accessComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"authentication\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"integrityImpact\": \"PARTIAL\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"NONE\"}, \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"exploitabilityScore\": 10.0, \"impactScore\": 2.9, \"acInsufInfo\": false, \"obtainAllPrivilege\": false, \"obtainUserPrivilege\": false, \"obtainOtherPrivilege\": false, \"userInteractionRequired\": false}]}",
      "published": "2021-10-13T16:15:07.847",
      "references": "[{\"url\": \"https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/146bb48849e5393004be5c88beefe76fdf009aba\", \"source\": \"security-advisories@github.com\", \"tags\": [\"Patch\", \"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/497\", \"source\": \"security-advisories@github.com\", \"tags\": [\"Patch\", \"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-vj62-g63v-f8mf\", \"source\": \"security-advisories@github.com\", \"tags\": [\"Patch\", \"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/146bb48849e5393004be5c88beefe76fdf009aba\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Patch\", \"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/497\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Patch\", \"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-vj62-g63v-f8mf\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Patch\", \"Third Party Advisory\"]}]",
      "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "vulnStatus": "Modified",
      "weaknesses": "[{\"source\": \"security-advisories@github.com\", \"type\": \"Secondary\", \"description\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"CWE-20\"}]}, {\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"description\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"CWE-20\"}]}]"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2021-41138\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"published\":\"2021-10-13T16:15:07.847\",\"lastModified\":\"2024-11-21T06:25:34.130\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"Frontier is Substrate\u0027s Ethereum compatibility layer. In the newly introduced signed Frontier-specific extrinsic for `pallet-ethereum`, a large part of transaction validation logic was only called in transaction pool validation, but not in block execution. Malicious validators can take advantage of this to put invalid transactions into a block. The attack is limited in that the signature is always validated, and the majority of the validation is done again in the subsequent `pallet-evm` execution logic. However, do note that a chain ID replay attack was possible. In addition, spamming attacks are of main concerns, while they are limited by Substrate block size limits and other factors. The issue is patched in commit `146bb48849e5393004be5c88beefe76fdf009aba`.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"Frontier es la capa de compatibilidad con Ethereum de Substrate. En la reci\u00e9n introducida extr\u00ednseca espec\u00edfica de Frontier para \\\"pallet-ethereum\\\", una gran parte de la l\u00f3gica de comprobaci\u00f3n de transacciones s\u00f3lo se llamaba en la comprobaci\u00f3n del conjunto de transacciones, pero no en la ejecuci\u00f3n del bloque. Los comprobadores maliciosos pueden aprovechar esto para poner transacciones no v\u00e1lidas en un bloque. El ataque est\u00e1 limitado en el sentido de que la firma siempre es validada, y la mayor parte de la comprobaci\u00f3n es realizada de nuevo en la l\u00f3gica de ejecuci\u00f3n posterior de \\\"pallet-evm\\\". Sin embargo, es debido tener en cuenta que es posible un ataque de repetici\u00f3n de ID de cadena. Adem\u00e1s, los ataques de spam son de las principales preocupaciones, mientras que est\u00e1n limitados por los l\u00edmites de tama\u00f1o de bloque del sustrato y otros factores. El problema est\u00e1 parcheado en el commit \\\"146bb48849e5393004be5c88beefe76fdf009aba\\\"\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N\",\"baseScore\":5.3,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"LOW\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"NONE\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":1.4},{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N\",\"baseScore\":5.3,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"LOW\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"NONE\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":1.4}],\"cvssMetricV2\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"2.0\",\"vectorString\":\"AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N\",\"baseScore\":5.0,\"accessVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"accessComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"authentication\":\"NONE\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"PARTIAL\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"NONE\"},\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"exploitabilityScore\":10.0,\"impactScore\":2.9,\"acInsufInfo\":false,\"obtainAllPrivilege\":false,\"obtainUserPrivilege\":false,\"obtainOtherPrivilege\":false,\"userInteractionRequired\":false}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-20\"}]},{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-20\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:parity:frontier:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"2021-09-30\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"2021-10-13\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"DFC2C906-5789-4816-87DF-5EB4B6760564\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/146bb48849e5393004be5c88beefe76fdf009aba\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/497\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-vj62-g63v-f8mf\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/commit/146bb48849e5393004be5c88beefe76fdf009aba\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/pull/497\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/paritytech/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-vj62-g63v-f8mf\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]}]}}"
  }
}


Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Sightings

Author Source Type Date

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.