Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2023-1428 (GCVE-0-2023-1428)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-09 10:46 – Updated: 2024-09-26 18:58

Title

Denial-of-Service in gRPC

Summary

There exists an vulnerability causing an abort() to be called in gRPC. The following headers cause gRPC's C++ implementation to abort() when called via http2: te: x (x != trailers) :scheme: x (x != http, https) grpclb_client_stats: x (x == anything) On top of sending one of those headers, a later header must be sent that gets the total header size past 8KB. We recommend upgrading past git commit 2485fa94bd8a723e5c977d55a3ce10b301b437f8 or v1.53 and above.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2024-09-26 18:57 UTC

CWE

CWE-617 - Reachable Assertion

Assigner

Google Google root

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/grpc/grpc/commit/2485fa94bd8a7…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
Google	gRPC	Affected: 1.51 , < 1.53 (custom)	guessed
grpc	grpc	Affected: 1.51.0 , < 1.53.0 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:grpc:grpc::::::::

Date Public

2023-02-28 23:00

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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GHSA-6628-Q6J9-W8VG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 21:15 – Updated: 2025-08-13 15:05

Summary

gRPC Reachable Assertion issue

Details

There exists an vulnerability causing an abort() to be called in gRPC. The following headers cause gRPC's C++ implementation to abort() when called via http2:

te: x (x != trailers)

:scheme: x (x != http, https)

grpclb_client_stats: x (x == anything)

On top of sending one of those headers, a later header must be sent that gets the total header size past 8KB. We recommend upgrading past git commit 2485fa94bd8a723e5c977d55a3ce10b301b437f8 or v1.53 and above.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

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      },
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        }
      ]
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    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-06T23:56:28Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-09T11:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
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  "id": "GHSA-6628-q6j9-w8vg",
  "modified": "2025-08-13T15:05:17Z",
  "published": "2023-07-06T21:15:08Z",
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    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/issues/33463"
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    },
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      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "gRPC Reachable Assertion issue"
}

GSD-2023-1428

Vulnerability from gsd - Updated: 2023-12-13 01:20

Details

Aliases

CVE-2023-1428

Aliases

CVE-2023-1428

JSON

To clipboard

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              }
            ],
            "operator": "OR"
          }
        ]
      },
      "cve": {
        "CVE_data_meta": {
          "ASSIGNER": "security@google.com",
          "ID": "CVE-2023-1428"
        },
        "data_format": "MITRE",
        "data_type": "CVE",
        "data_version": "4.0",
        "description": {
          "description_data": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "There exists an vulnerability causing an abort() to be called in gRPC.\u00a0\nThe following headers cause gRPC\u0027s C++ implementation to abort() when called via http2:\n\nte: x (x != trailers)\n\n:scheme: x (x != http, https)\n\ngrpclb_client_stats: x (x == anything)\n\nOn top of sending one of those headers, a later header must be sent that gets the total header size past 8KB. We recommend upgrading past git commit\u00a02485fa94bd8a723e5c977d55a3ce10b301b437f8 or v1.53 and above.\n\n"
            }
          ]
        },
        "problemtype": {
          "problemtype_data": [
            {
              "description": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "CWE-617"
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        },
        "references": {
          "reference_data": [
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/commit/2485fa94bd8a723e5c977d55a3ce10b301b437f8",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "tags": [
                "Patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/commit/2485fa94bd8a723e5c977d55a3ce10b301b437f8"
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "impact": {
        "baseMetricV3": {
          "cvssV3": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
          "impactScore": 3.6
        }
      },
      "lastModifiedDate": "2023-06-15T22:17Z",
      "publishedDate": "2023-06-09T11:15Z"
    }
  }
}

PYSEC-2026-1425

Vulnerability from pysec - Published: 2026-07-07 11:45 - Updated: 2026-07-07 17:24

Details

There exists an vulnerability causing an abort() to be called in gRPC. The following headers cause gRPC's C++ implementation to abort() when called via http2:

te: x (x != trailers)

:scheme: x (x != http, https)

grpclb_client_stats: x (x == anything)

Severity

7.5 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Impacted products

Name	purl
grpcio	pkg:pypi/grpcio

Aliases

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "grpcio",
        "purl": "pkg:pypi/grpcio"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.51.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.53.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.51.0",
        "1.51.1",
        "1.51.3",
        "1.52.0",
        "1.52.0rc1",
        "1.53.0rc2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-1428",
    "GHSA-6628-q6j9-w8vg"
  ],
  "details": "There exists an vulnerability causing an abort() to be called in gRPC.\u00a0\nThe following headers cause gRPC\u0027s C++ implementation to abort() when called via http2:\n\nte: x (x != trailers)\n\n:scheme: x (x != http, https)\n\ngrpclb_client_stats: x (x == anything)\n\nOn top of sending one of those headers, a later header must be sent that gets the total header size past 8KB. We recommend upgrading past git commit\u00a02485fa94bd8a723e5c977d55a3ce10b301b437f8 or v1.53 and above.",
  "id": "PYSEC-2026-1425",
  "modified": "2026-07-07T17:24:15.901614Z",
  "published": "2026-07-07T11:45:20.615704Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1428"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/issues/33463"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/commit/2485fa94bd8a723e5c977d55a3ce10b301b437f8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/grpc/CVE-2023-1428.yml"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://pypi.org/project/grpcio"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6628-q6j9-w8vg"
    }
  ],
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "gRPC Reachable Assertion issue"
}

RHSA-2024:10761

Vulnerability from csaf_redhat - Published: 2024-12-03 16:21 - Updated: 2026-08-14 07:12

Summary

Red Hat Security Advisory: rhc-worker-playbook security update

Severity

Important

Scope

4 vulnerabilities in this advisory, including CVE-2023-1428.

CVE-2023-1428

A flaw was found in the gRPC library. Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to a reachable assertion, causing the abort function to be called and resulting in a denial of service.

7.5 (High)


                
                  CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Fixed: 9 products

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:10761

Open the full advisory

RHSA-2024_10761

Vulnerability from csaf_redhat - Published: 2024-12-03 16:21 - Updated: 2024-12-17 19:34

Summary

Red Hat Security Advisory: rhc-worker-playbook security update

Severity

Important

Scope

4 vulnerabilities in this advisory, including CVE-2023-1428.

CVE-2023-1428

A flaw was found in the gRPC library. Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to a reachable assertion, causing the abort function to be called and resulting in a denial of service.

7.5 (High)


                
                  CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Fixed: 9 products

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:10761

Open the full advisory

ubuntu-cve-2023-1428

Vulnerability from osv_ubuntu

Published

2023-06-09 11:15

Modified

2026-05-20 15:01

Summary

Details

Severity

7.5 (High)


                    
                      CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

7.5 (High)


                    
                      CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

N/A (UNKNOWN)


                    
                      medium

References

URL

Type

	https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2023-1428	REPORT
	https://github.com/grpc/grpc/commit/2485fa94bd8a7…	REPORT
	https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-1428	REPORT

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "libgrpc0",
            "binary_version": "0.11.1-1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:16.04:LTS",
        "name": "grpc",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/grpc@0.11.1-1?arch=source\u0026distro=xenial"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "0.10.2-1",
        "0.11.1-1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "libgrpc++1",
            "binary_version": "1.3.2-1.1~build1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libgrpc3",
            "binary_version": "1.3.2-1.1~build1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "protobuf-compiler-grpc",
            "binary_version": "1.3.2-1.1~build1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:18.04:LTS",
        "name": "grpc",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/grpc@1.3.2-1.1~build1?arch=source\u0026distro=bionic"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.3.2-1",
        "1.3.2-1ubuntu1",
        "1.3.2-1.1~build1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "libgrpc++1",
            "binary_version": "1.16.1-1ubuntu5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libgrpc6",
            "binary_version": "1.16.1-1ubuntu5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "protobuf-compiler-grpc",
            "binary_version": "1.16.1-1ubuntu5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "python3-grpcio",
            "binary_version": "1.16.1-1ubuntu5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-grpc",
            "binary_version": "1.16.1-1ubuntu5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-grpc-tools",
            "binary_version": "1.16.1-1ubuntu5"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:20.04:LTS",
        "name": "grpc",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/grpc@1.16.1-1ubuntu5?arch=source\u0026distro=focal"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.16.1-1",
        "1.16.1-1ubuntu1",
        "1.16.1-1ubuntu3",
        "1.16.1-1ubuntu4",
        "1.16.1-1ubuntu5"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "libgrpc++1",
            "binary_version": "1.30.2-3build6"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libgrpc10",
            "binary_version": "1.30.2-3build6"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "protobuf-compiler-grpc",
            "binary_version": "1.30.2-3build6"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "python3-grpcio",
            "binary_version": "1.30.2-3build6"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-grpc",
            "binary_version": "1.30.2-3build6"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-grpc-tools",
            "binary_version": "1.30.2-3build6"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:22.04:LTS",
        "name": "grpc",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/grpc@1.30.2-3build6?arch=source\u0026distro=jammy"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.30.2-3",
        "1.30.2-3build1",
        "1.30.2-3build3",
        "1.30.2-3build5",
        "1.30.2-3build6"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "libgrpc++1.51t64",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-4.1build5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libgrpc29t64",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-4.1build5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "protobuf-compiler-grpc",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-4.1build5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "python3-grpcio",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-4.1build5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-grpc",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-4.1build5"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-grpc-tools",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-4.1build5"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:24.04:LTS",
        "name": "grpc",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/grpc@1.51.1-4.1build5?arch=source\u0026distro=noble"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.51.1-3build3",
        "1.51.1-3build4",
        "1.51.1-4",
        "1.51.1-4build1",
        "1.51.1-4build2",
        "1.51.1-4.1build3",
        "1.51.1-4.1build4",
        "1.51.1-4.1build5"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "libgrpc++1.51t64",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-6build1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libgrpc29t64",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-6build1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "protobuf-compiler-grpc",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-6build1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "python3-grpcio",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-6build1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-grpc",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-6build1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-grpc-tools",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-6build1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:25.10",
        "name": "grpc",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/grpc@1.51.1-6build1?arch=source\u0026distro=questing"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.51.1-6",
        "1.51.1-6build1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "libgrpc++1.51t64",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-8ubuntu1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libgrpc29t64",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-8ubuntu1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "protobuf-compiler-grpc",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-8ubuntu1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "python3-grpcio",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-8ubuntu1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-grpc",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-8ubuntu1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-grpc-tools",
            "binary_version": "1.51.1-8ubuntu1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:26.04:LTS",
        "name": "grpc",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/grpc@1.51.1-8ubuntu1?arch=source\u0026distro=resolute"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.51.1-6build1",
        "1.51.1-7",
        "1.51.1-7ubuntu2",
        "1.51.1-7ubuntu3",
        "1.51.1-8ubuntu1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "details": "There exists an vulnerability causing an abort() to be called in gRPC. The following headers cause gRPC\u0027s C++ implementation to abort() when called via http2: te: x (x != trailers) :scheme: x (x != http, https) grpclb_client_stats: x (x == anything) On top of sending one of those headers, a later header must be sent that gets the total header size past 8KB. We recommend upgrading past git commit\u00a02485fa94bd8a723e5c977d55a3ce10b301b437f8 or v1.53 and above.",
  "id": "UBUNTU-CVE-2023-1428",
  "modified": "2026-05-20T15:01:52Z",
  "published": "2023-06-09T11:15:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2023-1428"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/commit/2485fa94bd8a723e5c977d55a3ce10b301b437f8"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-1428"
    }
  ],
  "related": [],
  "schema_version": "1.7.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "medium",
      "type": "Ubuntu"
    }
  ],
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2023-1428"
  ]
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2023-1428 (GCVE-0-2023-1428)

GHSA-6628-Q6J9-W8VG

GSD-2023-1428

PYSEC-2026-1425

RHSA-2024:10761

RHSA-2024_10761

ubuntu-cve-2023-1428

Vulnerability from osv_ubuntu

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour