CVE-2023-45648 (GCVE-0-2023-45648)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-10 18:38 – Updated: 2025-10-29 12:00
VLAI
Title
Apache Tomcat: Trailer header parsing too lenient
Summary
Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat.Tomcat from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M11, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.13, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.81 and from 8.5.0 through 8.5.93 did not correctly parse HTTP trailer headers. A specially crafted, invalid trailer header could cause Tomcat to treat a single request as multiple requests leading to the possibility of request smuggling when behind a reverse proxy. Older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.0-M12 onwards, 10.1.14 onwards, 9.0.81 onwards or 8.5.94 onwards, which fix the issue.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache Tomcat Affected: 11.0.0-M1 , ≤ 11.0.0-M11 (semver)
Affected: 10.1.0-M1 , ≤ 10.1.13 (semver)
Affected: 9.0.0-M1 , ≤ 9.0.81 (semver)
Affected: 8.5.0 , ≤ 8.5.93 (semver)
Unknown: 3 , < 8.5.0 (semver)
Unknown: 10.0.0-M1 , ≤ 10.0.27 (semver)
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apache tomcat Affected: 11.0.0-m1 , ≤ 11.0.0-m11 (semver)
Affected: 10.1.0-m1 , ≤ 10.1.13 (semver)
Affected: 9.0.0-m1 , ≤ 9.0.81 (semver)
Affected: 8.5.0 , ≤ 8.5.93 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Keran Mu and Jianjun Chen from Tsinghua University and Zhongguancun Laboratory
Show details on NVD website
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      "descriptions": "[{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat.Tomcat\\u00a0from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M11, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.13, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.81 and from 8.5.0 through 8.5.93 did not correctly parse HTTP trailer headers. A specially \\ncrafted, invalid trailer header could cause Tomcat to treat a single \\nrequest as multiple requests leading to the possibility of request \\nsmuggling when behind a reverse proxy.\\n\\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.0-M12 onwards, 10.1.14 onwards, 9.0.81 onwards or 8.5.94 onwards, which fix the issue.\\n\\n\"}, {\"lang\": \"es\", \"value\": \"Vulnerabilidad de validaci\\u00f3n de entrada incorrecta en Apache Tomcat.Tomcat desde 11.0.0-M1 hasta 11.0.0-M11, desde 10.1.0-M1 hasta 10.1.13, desde 9.0.0-M1 hasta 9.0.81 y desde 8.5.0 hasta 8.5 .93 no analizaron correctamente los encabezados de las colas HTTP. Un encabezado de avance no v\\u00e1lido y especialmente manipulado podr\\u00eda hacer que Tomcat trate una sola solicitud como solicitudes m\\u00faltiples, lo que genera la posibilidad de contrabando de solicitudes cuando est\\u00e1 detr\\u00e1s de un proxy inverso. Se recomienda a los usuarios actualizar a la versi\\u00f3n 11.0.0-M12 en adelante, 10.1.14 en adelante, 9.0.81 en adelante o 8.5.94 en adelante, que solucionan el problema.\"}]",
      "id": "CVE-2023-45648",
      "lastModified": "2024-11-21T08:27:08.117",
      "metrics": "{\"cvssMetricV31\": [{\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"cvssData\": {\"version\": \"3.1\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N\", \"baseScore\": 5.3, \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"integrityImpact\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"NONE\"}, \"exploitabilityScore\": 3.9, \"impactScore\": 1.4}]}",
      "published": "2023-10-10T19:15:09.690",
      "references": "[{\"url\": \"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/10/10/10\", \"source\": \"security@apache.org\", \"tags\": [\"Mailing List\", \"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.apache.org/thread/2pv8yz1pyp088tsxfb7ogltk9msk0jdp\", \"source\": \"security@apache.org\", \"tags\": [\"Vendor Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/10/msg00020.html\", \"source\": \"security@apache.org\", \"tags\": [\"Mailing List\", \"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20231103-0007/\", \"source\": \"security@apache.org\"}, {\"url\": \"https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5521\", \"source\": \"security@apache.org\", \"tags\": [\"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5522\", \"source\": \"security@apache.org\", \"tags\": [\"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/10/10/10\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Mailing List\", \"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.apache.org/thread/2pv8yz1pyp088tsxfb7ogltk9msk0jdp\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Vendor Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/10/msg00020.html\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Mailing List\", \"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20231103-0007/\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"}, {\"url\": \"https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5521\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Third Party Advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5522\", \"source\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"tags\": [\"Third Party Advisory\"]}]",
      "sourceIdentifier": "security@apache.org",
      "vulnStatus": "Modified",
      "weaknesses": "[{\"source\": \"security@apache.org\", \"type\": \"Primary\", \"description\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"CWE-20\"}]}, {\"source\": \"nvd@nist.gov\", \"type\": \"Secondary\", \"description\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"NVD-CWE-Other\"}]}]"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2023-45648\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security@apache.org\",\"published\":\"2023-10-10T19:15:09.690\",\"lastModified\":\"2025-08-07T11:15:27.957\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat.Tomcat\u00a0from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M11, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.13, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.81 and from 8.5.0 through 8.5.93 did not correctly parse HTTP trailer headers. 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A specially \\ncrafted, invalid trailer header could cause Tomcat to treat a single \\nrequest as multiple requests leading to the possibility of request \\nsmuggling when behind a reverse proxy.\\n\\nOlder, EOL versions may also be affected.\\n\\n\\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.0-M12 onwards, 10.1.14 onwards, 9.0.81 onwards or 8.5.94 onwards, which fix the issue.\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat.\u003cp\u003eTomcat\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan style=\\\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\\\"\u003efrom 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M11, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.13, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.81 and from 8.5.0 through 8.5.93\u003c/span\u003e did not correctly parse HTTP trailer headers. 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      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2023-45648\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-10-29T12:00:47.484Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2023-10-10T11:31:15.664Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09\", \"datePublished\": \"2023-10-10T18:38:34.097Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"apache\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.1"
    }
  }
}


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Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.