Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2025-13591 (GCVE-0-2025-13591)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-19 16:45 – Updated: 2026-10-20 19:32

Title

Username Enumeration via Authentication Endpoint in WSO2 Identity Server Allows User Account Discovery

Summary

The authentication endpoint of WSO2 Identity Server fails to provide a consistent system response when a username does not exist in the system, allowing attackers to differentiate between valid and invalid usernames. This difference in responses can be leveraged to enumerate existing user accounts. Successful exploitation enables an attacker to discover valid usernames within the system, significantly increasing the risk of subsequent attacks such as brute force attacks on user credentials, social engineering attacks, and information leakage. The discovered usernames can be used to craft targeted phishing emails or other social engineering campaigns.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-10-20 19:31 UTC

CWE

CWE-203 - Information Exposure Through Discrepancy

Assigner

WSO2 CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 89/100 over 59 records in the last 180 days details

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security…	vendor-advisory

Impacted products

3 products

Vendor	Product	Version
WSO2	WSO2 Identity Server	Unknown: 0 , < 7.0.0 (custom) Affected: 7.0.0 , < 7.0.0.134 (custom) Affected: 7.1.0 , < 7.1.0.42 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:wso2:wso2_identity_server:::::::: cpe:2.3:a:wso2:wso2_identity_server::::::::
WSO2	WSO2 Carbon Abstract OTP Authenticator	Affected: 1.0.5 , < 1.0.5.3 (custom) Affected: 1.0.10 , < 1.0.10.2 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:wso2:wso2_carbon_abstract_otp_authenticator:::::::: cpe:2.3:a:wso2:wso2_carbon_abstract_otp_authenticator::::::::
WSO2	Email OTP Authenticator	Affected: 1.0.18 , < 1.0.18.8 (custom) Affected: 1.0.30 , < 1.0.30.5 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:wso2:email_otp_authenticator:::::::: cpe:2.3:a:wso2:email_otp_authenticator::::::::

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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                "id": "CVE-2025-13591",
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}

FKIE_CVE-2025-13591

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-10-19 17:16 - Updated: 2026-10-20 20:17

Severity

5.3 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8	https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4583/

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "WSO2 Identity Server",
          "vendor": "WSO2",
          "versions": [
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              "lessThan": "7.0.0",
              "status": "unknown",
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            },
            {
              "lessThan": "7.0.0.134",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.0.0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "7.1.0.42",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.1.0",
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          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
          "packageName": "org.wso2.carbon.identity.auth.otp.commons:org.wso2.carbon.identity.auth.otp.core",
          "product": "WSO2 Carbon Abstract OTP Authenticator",
          "vendor": "WSO2",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.0.5.3",
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              "version": "1.0.5",
              "versionType": "custom"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "1.0.10.2",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.0.10",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
          "packageName": "org.wso2.carbon.identity.local.auth.emailotp:org.wso2.carbon.identity.local.auth.emailotp",
          "product": "Email OTP Authenticator",
          "vendor": "WSO2",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.0.18.8",
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            },
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        }
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  ],
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      "type": "Secondary"
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  ]
}

GHSA-9J2J-6WWH-JWF6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-19 18:32 – Updated: 2026-10-19 18:32

Details

Successful exploitation enables an attacker to discover valid usernames within the system, significantly increasing the risk of subsequent attacks such as brute force attacks on user credentials, social engineering attacks, and information leakage. The discovered usernames can be used to craft targeted phishing emails or other social engineering campaigns.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-13591"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-203"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-10-19T17:16:59Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The authentication endpoint of WSO2 Identity Server fails to provide a consistent system response when a username does not exist in the system, allowing attackers to differentiate between valid and invalid usernames. This difference in responses can be leveraged to enumerate existing user accounts.\n\nSuccessful exploitation enables an attacker to discover valid usernames within the system, significantly increasing the risk of subsequent attacks such as brute force attacks on user credentials, social engineering attacks, and information leakage. The discovered usernames can be used to craft targeted phishing emails or other social engineering campaigns.",
  "id": "GHSA-9j2j-6wwh-jwf6",
  "modified": "2026-10-19T18:32:13Z",
  "published": "2026-10-19T18:32:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-13591"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4583"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

Order JSON

How durations are calculated

Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.

Publication & reservation Sightings KEV catalogs Other timestamps

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2025-13591 (GCVE-0-2025-13591)

FKIE_CVE-2025-13591

GHSA-9J2J-6WWH-JWF6

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Vulnerability timeline

Related by attack behaviour