CVE-2025-15469 (GCVE-0-2025-15469)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-27 16:01 – Updated: 2026-01-29 14:54
VLAI
Title
'openssl dgst' one-shot codepath silently truncates inputs >16MB
Summary
Issue summary: The 'openssl dgst' command-line tool silently truncates input data to 16MB when using one-shot signing algorithms and reports success instead of an error. Impact summary: A user signing or verifying files larger than 16MB with one-shot algorithms (such as Ed25519, Ed448, or ML-DSA) may believe the entire file is authenticated while trailing data beyond 16MB remains unauthenticated. When the 'openssl dgst' command is used with algorithms that only support one-shot signing (Ed25519, Ed448, ML-DSA-44, ML-DSA-65, ML-DSA-87), the input is buffered with a 16MB limit. If the input exceeds this limit, the tool silently truncates to the first 16MB and continues without signaling an error, contrary to what the documentation states. This creates an integrity gap where trailing bytes can be modified without detection if both signing and verification are performed using the same affected codepath. The issue affects only the command-line tool behavior. Verifiers that process the full message using library APIs will reject the signature, so the risk primarily affects workflows that both sign and verify with the affected 'openssl dgst' command. Streaming digest algorithms for 'openssl dgst' and library users are unaffected. The FIPS modules in 3.5 and 3.6 are not affected by this issue, as the command-line tools are outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary. OpenSSL 3.5 and 3.6 are vulnerable to this issue. OpenSSL 3.4, 3.3, 3.0, 1.1.1 and 1.0.2 are not affected by this issue.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-347 - Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OpenSSL OpenSSL Affected: 3.6.0 , < 3.6.1 (semver)
Affected: 3.5.0 , < 3.5.5 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-01-27 14:00
Credits
Stanislav Fort (Aisle Research) Viktor Dukhovni
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Streaming digest algorithms for \u0027openssl dgst\u0027 and\\nlibrary users are unaffected.\\n\\nThe FIPS modules in 3.5 and 3.6 are not affected by this issue, as the\\ncommand-line tools are outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary.\\n\\nOpenSSL 3.5 and 3.6 are vulnerable to this issue.\\n\\nOpenSSL 3.4, 3.3, 3.0, 1.1.1 and 1.0.2 are not affected by this issue.\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"Issue summary: The \u0027openssl dgst\u0027 command-line tool silently truncates input\u003cbr\u003edata to 16MB when using one-shot signing algorithms and reports success instead\u003cbr\u003eof an error.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eImpact summary: A user signing or verifying files larger than 16MB with\u003cbr\u003eone-shot algorithms (such as Ed25519, Ed448, or ML-DSA) may believe the entire\u003cbr\u003efile is authenticated while trailing data beyond 16MB remains unauthenticated.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhen the \u0027openssl dgst\u0027 command is used with algorithms that only support\u003cbr\u003eone-shot signing (Ed25519, Ed448, ML-DSA-44, ML-DSA-65, ML-DSA-87), the input\u003cbr\u003eis buffered with a 16MB limit. If the input exceeds this limit, the tool\u003cbr\u003esilently truncates to the first 16MB and continues without signaling an error,\u003cbr\u003econtrary to what the documentation states. This creates an integrity gap where\u003cbr\u003etrailing bytes can be modified without detection if both signing and\u003cbr\u003everification are performed using the same affected codepath.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe issue affects only the command-line tool behavior. Verifiers that process\u003cbr\u003ethe full message using library APIs will reject the signature, so the risk\u003cbr\u003eprimarily affects workflows that both sign and verify with the affected\u003cbr\u003e\u0027openssl dgst\u0027 command. Streaming digest algorithms for \u0027openssl dgst\u0027 and\u003cbr\u003elibrary users are unaffected.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe FIPS modules in 3.5 and 3.6 are not affected by this issue, as the\u003cbr\u003ecommand-line tools are outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOpenSSL 3.5 and 3.6 are vulnerable to this issue.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOpenSSL 3.4, 3.3, 3.0, 1.1.1 and 1.0.2 are not affected by this issue.\", \"base64\": false}]}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-347\", \"description\": \"CWE-347 Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"3a12439a-ef3a-4c79-92e6-6081a721f1e5\", \"shortName\": \"openssl\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-01-27T16:01:21.597Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-15469\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-01-29T14:54:35.153Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-01-06T09:27:22.586Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"3a12439a-ef3a-4c79-92e6-6081a721f1e5\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-01-27T16:01:21.597Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"openssl\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.