CVE-2025-38640 (GCVE-0-2025-38640)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-22 16:00 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:03
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
bpf: Disable migration in nf_hook_run_bpf().
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
bpf: Disable migration in nf_hook_run_bpf().
syzbot reported that the netfilter bpf prog can be called without
migration disabled in xmit path.
Then the assertion in __bpf_prog_run() fails, triggering the splat
below. [0]
Let's use bpf_prog_run_pin_on_cpu() in nf_hook_run_bpf().
[0]:
BUG: assuming non migratable context at ./include/linux/filter.h:703
in_atomic(): 0, irqs_disabled(): 0, migration_disabled() 0 pid: 5829, name: sshd-session
3 locks held by sshd-session/5829:
#0: ffff88807b4e4218 (sk_lock-AF_INET){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: lock_sock include/net/sock.h:1667 [inline]
#0: ffff88807b4e4218 (sk_lock-AF_INET){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: tcp_sendmsg+0x20/0x50 net/ipv4/tcp.c:1395
#1: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: rcu_lock_acquire include/linux/rcupdate.h:331 [inline]
#1: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: rcu_read_lock include/linux/rcupdate.h:841 [inline]
#1: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: __ip_queue_xmit+0x69/0x26c0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:470
#2: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: rcu_lock_acquire include/linux/rcupdate.h:331 [inline]
#2: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: rcu_read_lock include/linux/rcupdate.h:841 [inline]
#2: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: nf_hook+0xb2/0x680 include/linux/netfilter.h:241
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5829 Comm: sshd-session Not tainted 6.16.0-rc6-syzkaller-00002-g155a3c003e55 #0 PREEMPT(full)
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/07/2025
Call Trace:
<TASK>
__dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]
dump_stack_lvl+0x16c/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120
__cant_migrate kernel/sched/core.c:8860 [inline]
__cant_migrate+0x1c7/0x250 kernel/sched/core.c:8834
__bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:703 [inline]
bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:725 [inline]
nf_hook_run_bpf+0x83/0x1e0 net/netfilter/nf_bpf_link.c:20
nf_hook_entry_hookfn include/linux/netfilter.h:157 [inline]
nf_hook_slow+0xbb/0x200 net/netfilter/core.c:623
nf_hook+0x370/0x680 include/linux/netfilter.h:272
NF_HOOK_COND include/linux/netfilter.h:305 [inline]
ip_output+0x1bc/0x2a0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:433
dst_output include/net/dst.h:459 [inline]
ip_local_out net/ipv4/ip_output.c:129 [inline]
__ip_queue_xmit+0x1d7d/0x26c0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:527
__tcp_transmit_skb+0x2686/0x3e90 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:1479
tcp_transmit_skb net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:1497 [inline]
tcp_write_xmit+0x1274/0x84e0 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:2838
__tcp_push_pending_frames+0xaf/0x390 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:3021
tcp_push+0x225/0x700 net/ipv4/tcp.c:759
tcp_sendmsg_locked+0x1870/0x42b0 net/ipv4/tcp.c:1359
tcp_sendmsg+0x2e/0x50 net/ipv4/tcp.c:1396
inet_sendmsg+0xb9/0x140 net/ipv4/af_inet.c:851
sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:712 [inline]
__sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:727 [inline]
sock_write_iter+0x4aa/0x5b0 net/socket.c:1131
new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
vfs_write+0x6c7/0x1150 fs/read_write.c:686
ksys_write+0x1f8/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7fe7d365d407
Code: 48 89 fa 4c 89 df e8 38 aa 00 00 8b 93 08 03 00 00 59 5e 48 83 f8 fc 74 1a 5b c3 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 48 8b 44 24 10 0f 05 <5b> c3 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 83 e2 39 83 fa 08 75 de e8 23 ff ff ff
RSP:
Severity
7.8 (High)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
fd9c663b9ad67dedfc9a3fd3429ddd3e83782b4d , < ee2502485702e4398cd74dbfb288bfa111d25e62
(git)
Affected: fd9c663b9ad67dedfc9a3fd3429ddd3e83782b4d , < 62f6175d145e00fc999fd2fcbffad3f59253c66a (git) Affected: fd9c663b9ad67dedfc9a3fd3429ddd3e83782b4d , < e0199c28167a8a4adec036005a8df268b2b68529 (git) Affected: fd9c663b9ad67dedfc9a3fd3429ddd3e83782b4d , < 0a356da16fb933abbeeb7aea038c351f3342cd3f (git) Affected: fd9c663b9ad67dedfc9a3fd3429ddd3e83782b4d , < 17ce3e5949bc37557305ad46316f41c7875d6366 (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
6.4
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.4 (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.102 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.42 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.15.10 , ≤ 6.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.16.1 , ≤ 6.16.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
{
"containers": {
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"net/netfilter/nf_bpf_link.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "ee2502485702e4398cd74dbfb288bfa111d25e62",
"status": "affected",
"version": "fd9c663b9ad67dedfc9a3fd3429ddd3e83782b4d",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "62f6175d145e00fc999fd2fcbffad3f59253c66a",
"status": "affected",
"version": "fd9c663b9ad67dedfc9a3fd3429ddd3e83782b4d",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "e0199c28167a8a4adec036005a8df268b2b68529",
"status": "affected",
"version": "fd9c663b9ad67dedfc9a3fd3429ddd3e83782b4d",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "0a356da16fb933abbeeb7aea038c351f3342cd3f",
"status": "affected",
"version": "fd9c663b9ad67dedfc9a3fd3429ddd3e83782b4d",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "17ce3e5949bc37557305ad46316f41c7875d6366",
"status": "affected",
"version": "fd9c663b9ad67dedfc9a3fd3429ddd3e83782b4d",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"net/netfilter/nf_bpf_link.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.4"
},
{
"lessThan": "6.4",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.102",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.42",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.15.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.15.10",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.16.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.16.1",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.17",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.6.102",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.4",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.12.42",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.4",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.15.10",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.4",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.16.1",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.4",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.17",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.4",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Disable migration in nf_hook_run_bpf().\n\nsyzbot reported that the netfilter bpf prog can be called without\nmigration disabled in xmit path.\n\nThen the assertion in __bpf_prog_run() fails, triggering the splat\nbelow. [0]\n\nLet\u0027s use bpf_prog_run_pin_on_cpu() in nf_hook_run_bpf().\n\n[0]:\nBUG: assuming non migratable context at ./include/linux/filter.h:703\nin_atomic(): 0, irqs_disabled(): 0, migration_disabled() 0 pid: 5829, name: sshd-session\n3 locks held by sshd-session/5829:\n #0: ffff88807b4e4218 (sk_lock-AF_INET){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: lock_sock include/net/sock.h:1667 [inline]\n #0: ffff88807b4e4218 (sk_lock-AF_INET){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: tcp_sendmsg+0x20/0x50 net/ipv4/tcp.c:1395\n #1: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: rcu_lock_acquire include/linux/rcupdate.h:331 [inline]\n #1: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: rcu_read_lock include/linux/rcupdate.h:841 [inline]\n #1: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: __ip_queue_xmit+0x69/0x26c0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:470\n #2: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: rcu_lock_acquire include/linux/rcupdate.h:331 [inline]\n #2: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: rcu_read_lock include/linux/rcupdate.h:841 [inline]\n #2: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: nf_hook+0xb2/0x680 include/linux/netfilter.h:241\nCPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5829 Comm: sshd-session Not tainted 6.16.0-rc6-syzkaller-00002-g155a3c003e55 #0 PREEMPT(full)\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/07/2025\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]\n dump_stack_lvl+0x16c/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120\n __cant_migrate kernel/sched/core.c:8860 [inline]\n __cant_migrate+0x1c7/0x250 kernel/sched/core.c:8834\n __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:703 [inline]\n bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:725 [inline]\n nf_hook_run_bpf+0x83/0x1e0 net/netfilter/nf_bpf_link.c:20\n nf_hook_entry_hookfn include/linux/netfilter.h:157 [inline]\n nf_hook_slow+0xbb/0x200 net/netfilter/core.c:623\n nf_hook+0x370/0x680 include/linux/netfilter.h:272\n NF_HOOK_COND include/linux/netfilter.h:305 [inline]\n ip_output+0x1bc/0x2a0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:433\n dst_output include/net/dst.h:459 [inline]\n ip_local_out net/ipv4/ip_output.c:129 [inline]\n __ip_queue_xmit+0x1d7d/0x26c0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:527\n __tcp_transmit_skb+0x2686/0x3e90 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:1479\n tcp_transmit_skb net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:1497 [inline]\n tcp_write_xmit+0x1274/0x84e0 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:2838\n __tcp_push_pending_frames+0xaf/0x390 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:3021\n tcp_push+0x225/0x700 net/ipv4/tcp.c:759\n tcp_sendmsg_locked+0x1870/0x42b0 net/ipv4/tcp.c:1359\n tcp_sendmsg+0x2e/0x50 net/ipv4/tcp.c:1396\n inet_sendmsg+0xb9/0x140 net/ipv4/af_inet.c:851\n sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:712 [inline]\n __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:727 [inline]\n sock_write_iter+0x4aa/0x5b0 net/socket.c:1131\n new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]\n vfs_write+0x6c7/0x1150 fs/read_write.c:686\n ksys_write+0x1f8/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738\n do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]\n do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\nRIP: 0033:0x7fe7d365d407\nCode: 48 89 fa 4c 89 df e8 38 aa 00 00 8b 93 08 03 00 00 59 5e 48 83 f8 fc 74 1a 5b c3 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 48 8b 44 24 10 0f 05 \u003c5b\u003e c3 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 83 e2 39 83 fa 08 75 de e8 23 ff ff ff\nRSP:"
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:L - Exploitation requires local access to the bpf() syscall to load and link a BPF_PROG_TYPE_NETFILTER program plus a local socket write to drive the process-context transmit path through the hook; per kernel scoring guidance both netfilter and BPF attach surfaces are Local.\nAC:L - The invariant violation is deterministic on any CONFIG_PREEMPTION kernel (the distro default via PREEMPT_DYNAMIC/PREEMPT_RCU) \u2014 attach on NF_INET_LOCAL_OUT and one sendmsg() reproduces it, as syzbot confirmed with a C reproducer; the follow-on per-CPU free-list race is fully attacker-driven via sched_setaffinity, thread count and traffic rate, so both sides are under attacker control.\nPR:L - Loading and linking the netfilter program is gated by bpf_capable()/bpf_net_capable(), which this project consistently treats as an unprivileged-reachable capability (delegable via BPF tokens and routinely granted to BPF tooling); additionally, on any host where an admin has legitimately attached a netfilter BPF link, an ordinary local user drives the migratable-context execution with plain socket traffic.\nUI:N - The attacker performs every step \u2014 program load, link attach, and packet transmission \u2014 with no action by any other user or administrator.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel BPF per-CPU allocator and map state within the same kernel security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - Racing two CPUs on the same bpf_mem_cache free_llist can return one object to two allocation sites, yielding type confusion over attacker-shaped map values and a use-after-free read primitive over kernel heap contents.\nI:H - The same free-list and htab extra_elems corruption gives a write primitive through a stale/doubly-owned element, and per-CPU map values are mutated on the wrong CPU concurrently \u2014 memory corruption exploitable for control-flow hijacking.\nA:H - The bug produces a kernel splat with TAINT_WARN on debug kernels and, more seriously, allocator free-list corruption that leads to oops or panic; it is triggerable repeatedly on every outgoing packet."
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:03:38.510Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ee2502485702e4398cd74dbfb288bfa111d25e62"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/62f6175d145e00fc999fd2fcbffad3f59253c66a"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e0199c28167a8a4adec036005a8df268b2b68529"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0a356da16fb933abbeeb7aea038c351f3342cd3f"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/17ce3e5949bc37557305ad46316f41c7875d6366"
}
],
"title": "bpf: Disable migration in nf_hook_run_bpf().",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-38640",
"datePublished": "2025-08-22T16:00:46.760Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:24.030Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:03:38.510Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2025-38640",
"date": "2026-09-14",
"epss": "0.00169",
"percentile": "0.06545"
},
"microsoft_vex": {
"current_release_date": "2025-09-03T23:09:33.000Z",
"cve": "CVE-2025-38640",
"id": "msrc_CVE-2025-38640",
"initial_release_date": "2025-08-02T00:00:00.000Z",
"product_status:fixed": "1",
"product_status:known_affected": "2",
"source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "bpf: Disable migration in nf_hook_run_bpf().",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2025/msrc_cve-2025-38640.json",
"version": "1"
},
"nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-38640\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2025-08-22T16:15:38.007\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-07-30T06:23:32.500\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nbpf: Disable migration in nf_hook_run_bpf().\\n\\nsyzbot reported that the netfilter bpf prog can be called without\\nmigration disabled in xmit path.\\n\\nThen the assertion in __bpf_prog_run() fails, triggering the splat\\nbelow. [0]\\n\\nLet\u0027s use bpf_prog_run_pin_on_cpu() in nf_hook_run_bpf().\\n\\n[0]:\\nBUG: assuming non migratable context at ./include/linux/filter.h:703\\nin_atomic(): 0, irqs_disabled(): 0, migration_disabled() 0 pid: 5829, name: sshd-session\\n3 locks held by sshd-session/5829:\\n #0: ffff88807b4e4218 (sk_lock-AF_INET){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: lock_sock include/net/sock.h:1667 [inline]\\n #0: ffff88807b4e4218 (sk_lock-AF_INET){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: tcp_sendmsg+0x20/0x50 net/ipv4/tcp.c:1395\\n #1: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: rcu_lock_acquire include/linux/rcupdate.h:331 [inline]\\n #1: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: rcu_read_lock include/linux/rcupdate.h:841 [inline]\\n #1: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: __ip_queue_xmit+0x69/0x26c0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:470\\n #2: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: rcu_lock_acquire include/linux/rcupdate.h:331 [inline]\\n #2: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: rcu_read_lock include/linux/rcupdate.h:841 [inline]\\n #2: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: nf_hook+0xb2/0x680 include/linux/netfilter.h:241\\nCPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5829 Comm: sshd-session Not tainted 6.16.0-rc6-syzkaller-00002-g155a3c003e55 #0 PREEMPT(full)\\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/07/2025\\nCall Trace:\\n \u003cTASK\u003e\\n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]\\n dump_stack_lvl+0x16c/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120\\n __cant_migrate kernel/sched/core.c:8860 [inline]\\n __cant_migrate+0x1c7/0x250 kernel/sched/core.c:8834\\n __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:703 [inline]\\n bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:725 [inline]\\n nf_hook_run_bpf+0x83/0x1e0 net/netfilter/nf_bpf_link.c:20\\n nf_hook_entry_hookfn include/linux/netfilter.h:157 [inline]\\n nf_hook_slow+0xbb/0x200 net/netfilter/core.c:623\\n nf_hook+0x370/0x680 include/linux/netfilter.h:272\\n NF_HOOK_COND include/linux/netfilter.h:305 [inline]\\n ip_output+0x1bc/0x2a0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:433\\n dst_output include/net/dst.h:459 [inline]\\n ip_local_out net/ipv4/ip_output.c:129 [inline]\\n __ip_queue_xmit+0x1d7d/0x26c0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:527\\n __tcp_transmit_skb+0x2686/0x3e90 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:1479\\n tcp_transmit_skb net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:1497 [inline]\\n tcp_write_xmit+0x1274/0x84e0 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:2838\\n __tcp_push_pending_frames+0xaf/0x390 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:3021\\n tcp_push+0x225/0x700 net/ipv4/tcp.c:759\\n tcp_sendmsg_locked+0x1870/0x42b0 net/ipv4/tcp.c:1359\\n tcp_sendmsg+0x2e/0x50 net/ipv4/tcp.c:1396\\n inet_sendmsg+0xb9/0x140 net/ipv4/af_inet.c:851\\n sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:712 [inline]\\n __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:727 [inline]\\n sock_write_iter+0x4aa/0x5b0 net/socket.c:1131\\n new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]\\n vfs_write+0x6c7/0x1150 fs/read_write.c:686\\n ksys_write+0x1f8/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738\\n do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]\\n do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94\\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\\nRIP: 0033:0x7fe7d365d407\\nCode: 48 89 fa 4c 89 df e8 38 aa 00 00 8b 93 08 03 00 00 59 5e 48 83 f8 fc 74 1a 5b c3 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 48 8b 44 24 10 0f 05 \u003c5b\u003e c3 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 83 e2 39 83 fa 08 75 de e8 23 ff ff ff\\nRSP:\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: bpf: Deshabilitar la migraci\u00f3n en nf_hook_run_bpf(). syzbot inform\u00f3 que el programa bpf de netfilter puede ejecutarse sin deshabilitar la migraci\u00f3n en la ruta de transmisi\u00f3n. En ese caso, la aserci\u00f3n en __bpf_prog_run() falla, lo que genera el siguiente error. [0] Let\u0027s use bpf_prog_run_pin_on_cpu() in nf_hook_run_bpf(). [0]: BUG: assuming non migratable context at ./include/linux/filter.h:703 in_atomic(): 0, irqs_disabled(): 0, migration_disabled() 0 pid: 5829, name: sshd-session 3 locks held by sshd-session/5829: #0: ffff88807b4e4218 (sk_lock-AF_INET){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: lock_sock include/net/sock.h:1667 [inline] #0: ffff88807b4e4218 (sk_lock-AF_INET){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: tcp_sendmsg+0x20/0x50 net/ipv4/tcp.c:1395 #1: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: rcu_lock_acquire include/linux/rcupdate.h:331 [inline] #1: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: rcu_read_lock include/linux/rcupdate.h:841 [inline] #1: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: __ip_queue_xmit+0x69/0x26c0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:470 #2: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: rcu_lock_acquire include/linux/rcupdate.h:331 [inline] #2: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: rcu_read_lock include/linux/rcupdate.h:841 [inline] #2: ffffffff8e5c4e00 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: nf_hook+0xb2/0x680 include/linux/netfilter.h:241 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5829 Comm: sshd-session Not tainted 6.16.0-rc6-syzkaller-00002-g155a3c003e55 #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/07/2025 Call Trace: __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x16c/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120 __cant_migrate kernel/sched/core.c:8860 [inline] __cant_migrate+0x1c7/0x250 kernel/sched/core.c:8834 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:703 [inline] bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:725 [inline] nf_hook_run_bpf+0x83/0x1e0 net/netfilter/nf_bpf_link.c:20 nf_hook_entry_hookfn include/linux/netfilter.h:157 [inline] nf_hook_slow+0xbb/0x200 net/netfilter/core.c:623 nf_hook+0x370/0x680 include/linux/netfilter.h:272 NF_HOOK_COND include/linux/netfilter.h:305 [inline] ip_output+0x1bc/0x2a0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:433 dst_output include/net/dst.h:459 [inline] ip_local_out net/ipv4/ip_output.c:129 [inline] __ip_queue_xmit+0x1d7d/0x26c0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:527 __tcp_transmit_skb+0x2686/0x3e90 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:1479 tcp_transmit_skb net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:1497 [inline] tcp_write_xmit+0x1274/0x84e0 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:2838 __tcp_push_pending_frames+0xaf/0x390 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c:3021 tcp_push+0x225/0x700 net/ipv4/tcp.c:759 tcp_sendmsg_locked+0x1870/0x42b0 net/ipv4/tcp.c:1359 tcp_sendmsg+0x2e/0x50 net/ipv4/tcp.c:1396 inet_sendmsg+0xb9/0x140 net/ipv4/af_inet.c:851 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:712 [inline] __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:727 [inline] sock_write_iter+0x4aa/0x5b0 net/socket.c:1131 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x6c7/0x1150 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x1f8/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fe7d365d407 Code: 48 89 fa 4c 89 df e8 38 aa 00 00 8b 93 08 03 00 00 59 5e 48 83 f8 fc 74 1a 5b c3 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 48 8b 44 24 10 0f 05 \u0026lt;5b\u0026gt; c3 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 83 e2 39 83 fa 08 75 de e8 23 ff ff ff RSP:\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/netfilter/nf_bpf_link.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"fd9c663b9ad67dedfc9a3fd3429ddd3e83782b4d\",\"lessThan\":\"ee2502485702e4398cd74dbfb288bfa111d25e62\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"fd9c663b9ad67dedfc9a3fd3429ddd3e83782b4d\",\"lessThan\":\"62f6175d145e00fc999fd2fcbffad3f59253c66a\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"fd9c663b9ad67dedfc9a3fd3429ddd3e83782b4d\",\"lessThan\":\"e0199c28167a8a4adec036005a8df268b2b68529\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"fd9c663b9ad67dedfc9a3fd3429ddd3e83782b4d\",\"lessThan\":\"0a356da16fb933abbeeb7aea038c351f3342cd3f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"fd9c663b9ad67dedfc9a3fd3429ddd3e83782b4d\",\"lessThan\":\"17ce3e5949bc37557305ad46316f41c7875d6366\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/netfilter/nf_bpf_link.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"6.4\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"6.4\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.102\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.42\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.15.10\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.16.1\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.16.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.17\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.9},{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":5.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":3.6}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"NVD-CWE-noinfo\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.4\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.6.102\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"5BCA0ECA-F7A2-42B6-A438-0891D46073AD\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.7\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.12.42\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"EA7AA5E6-4376-4A85-A021-6ACC5FF801C3\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.13\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.15.10\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"5890C690-B295-40C2-9121-FF5F987E5142\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.16\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.16.1\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"58182352-D7DF-4CC9-841E-03C1D852C3FB\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0a356da16fb933abbeeb7aea038c351f3342cd3f\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/17ce3e5949bc37557305ad46316f41c7875d6366\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/62f6175d145e00fc999fd2fcbffad3f59253c66a\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e0199c28167a8a4adec036005a8df268b2b68529\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ee2502485702e4398cd74dbfb288bfa111d25e62\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]}]}}",
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Low",
"current_release_date": "2026-07-30T10:08:45+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-38640",
"id": "CVE-2025-38640",
"initial_release_date": "2025-08-22T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_affected": "184",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "90",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: Linux kernel: Denial of Service in BPF netfilter due to improper migration handling",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-38640.json",
"version": "3"
},
"suse_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-08-28T16:59:52Z",
"cve": "CVE-2025-38640",
"id": "CVE-2025-38640",
"initial_release_date": "2025-08-22T23:28:44Z",
"product_status:first_fixed": "2",
"product_status:known_affected": "399",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "405",
"product_status:recommended": "472",
"source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
"status": "interim",
"title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-38640",
"url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-38640.json",
"version": "46"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Loading…
Loading…