CVE-2025-40364 (GCVE-0-2025-40364)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-18 13:50 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
io_uring: fix io_req_prep_async with provided buffers
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
io_uring: fix io_req_prep_async with provided buffers
io_req_prep_async() can import provided buffers, commit the ring state
by giving up on that before, it'll be reimported later if needed.
Severity
7.8 (High)
Assigner
References
7 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a , < 233b210a678bddf8b49b02a070074a52b87e6d43
(git)
Affected: c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a , < a1b17713b32c75a90132ea2f92b1257f3bbc20f3 (git) Affected: c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a , < b86f1d51731e621e83305dc9564ae14c9ef752bf (git) Affected: c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a , < a94592ec30ff67dc36c424327f1e0a9ceeeb9bd3 (git) Affected: c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a , < 35ae7910c349fb3c60439992e2e0e79061e95382 (git) Affected: c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a , < f0ef94553868d07c1b14d7743a7e2553e5a831a3 (git) Affected: c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a , < d63b0e8a628e62ca85a0f7915230186bb92f8bb4 (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
5.19
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.19 (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.129 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.78 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.14 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.13.3 , ≤ 6.13.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.14 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
{
"containers": {
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"io_uring/io_uring.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "233b210a678bddf8b49b02a070074a52b87e6d43",
"status": "affected",
"version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "a1b17713b32c75a90132ea2f92b1257f3bbc20f3",
"status": "affected",
"version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "b86f1d51731e621e83305dc9564ae14c9ef752bf",
"status": "affected",
"version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "a94592ec30ff67dc36c424327f1e0a9ceeeb9bd3",
"status": "affected",
"version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "35ae7910c349fb3c60439992e2e0e79061e95382",
"status": "affected",
"version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "f0ef94553868d07c1b14d7743a7e2553e5a831a3",
"status": "affected",
"version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "d63b0e8a628e62ca85a0f7915230186bb92f8bb4",
"status": "affected",
"version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"io_uring/io_uring.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.19"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.19",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.1.129",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.78",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.14",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.13.3",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.14",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.1.129",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.19",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.1.129",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.19",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.6.78",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.19",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.6.78",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.19",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.12.14",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.19",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.13.3",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.19",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.14",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.19",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nio_uring: fix io_req_prep_async with provided buffers\n\nio_req_prep_async() can import provided buffers, commit the ring state\nby giving up on that before, it\u0027ll be reimported later if needed."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached exclusively through the local io_uring interface \u2014 io_uring_setup(2), io_uring_register(2) for PBUF_RING register/unregister, and io_uring_enter(2) SQE submission. No network or adjacent-network path exists into io_req_prep_async().\nAC:L - The attacker controls every element: registering the buffer ring, forcing the prep_async path via IOSQE_ASYNC/IOSQE_IO_LINK/IOSQE_IO_DRAIN on a pollable fd, and freeing the io_buffer_list with IORING_UNREGISTER_PBUF_RING at a moment of their choosing. With IOSQE_IO_LINK the stale req-\u003ebuf_list is held indefinitely while the link head is pending, making the sequence fully deterministic with no race to win.\nPR:L - There is not a single capable() or CAP_* check on any function in the path \u2014 io_register_pbuf_ring(), io_unregister_pbuf_ring(), and buffer-select submission are all unprivileged, and io_uring is enabled by default (kernel.io_uring_disabled=0). Any local unprivileged user, including one inside a container or sandbox, can trigger it.\nUI:N - The entire sequence is performed by the attacker\u0027s own process against its own io_uring instance; no victim action, mount, or file open is required.\nS:U - The corrupted io_buffer_list and the resulting privilege escalation are both within the kernel\u0027s own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or hypervisor boundary is crossed.\nC:H - __io_put_kbuf_list()/__io_put_kbuf_ring() read bl-\u003ebgid from the freed io_buffer_list and return it to userspace in the CQE IORING_CQE_F_BUFFER field, giving a repeatable 16-bit read oracle over reallocated kmalloc-64 slab contents; on 6.12+ the reallocated bl-\u003ebuf_ring pointer is dereferenced with attacker-chosen head/mask, extending this to broad kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - The stale pointer yields a write primitive \u2014 bl-\u003ehead++ on freed memory, and via io_kbuf_commit() with IOBL_INC an attacker-controlled bl-\u003ebuf_ring is dereferenced to perform buf-\u003elen -= len / buf-\u003eaddr += len, an arbitrary-address write. Heap grooming to reallocate the freed io_buffer_list makes this a viable local privilege escalation.\nA:H - Dereferencing and incrementing fields of a kfree\u0027d io_buffer_list, plus unsynchronized bl-\u003ehead updates from io-wq without uring_lock, corrupts arbitrary slab objects and reliably produces oopses, KASAN splats, or a kernel panic."
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:09:55.585Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/233b210a678bddf8b49b02a070074a52b87e6d43"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a1b17713b32c75a90132ea2f92b1257f3bbc20f3"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b86f1d51731e621e83305dc9564ae14c9ef752bf"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a94592ec30ff67dc36c424327f1e0a9ceeeb9bd3"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/35ae7910c349fb3c60439992e2e0e79061e95382"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f0ef94553868d07c1b14d7743a7e2553e5a831a3"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d63b0e8a628e62ca85a0f7915230186bb92f8bb4"
}
],
"title": "io_uring: fix io_req_prep_async with provided buffers",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-40364",
"datePublished": "2025-04-18T13:50:24.257Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.187Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:09:55.585Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2025-40364",
"date": "2026-09-28",
"epss": "0.00286",
"percentile": "0.18949"
},
"nvd": {
"cve": {
"affected": [
{
"affectedData": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"io_uring/io_uring.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "233b210a678bddf8b49b02a070074a52b87e6d43",
"status": "affected",
"version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "a1b17713b32c75a90132ea2f92b1257f3bbc20f3",
"status": "affected",
"version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "b86f1d51731e621e83305dc9564ae14c9ef752bf",
"status": "affected",
"version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "a94592ec30ff67dc36c424327f1e0a9ceeeb9bd3",
"status": "affected",
"version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "35ae7910c349fb3c60439992e2e0e79061e95382",
"status": "affected",
"version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "f0ef94553868d07c1b14d7743a7e2553e5a831a3",
"status": "affected",
"version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "d63b0e8a628e62ca85a0f7915230186bb92f8bb4",
"status": "affected",
"version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"io_uring/io_uring.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.19"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.19",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.1.129",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.78",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.14",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.13.3",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.14",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
}
],
"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "EE25DF79-9FB2-4DE2-93D0-BF8587BF37CA",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.1.129",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.19",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "0C58261F-EDFB-4A12-8CCD-F12101482030",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.6.78",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.2",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "033BB7EE-C9A2-45EA-BAC9-87BB9D951BCD",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.12.14",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.7",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "0E92CEE3-1FC3-4AFC-A513-DEDBA7414F00",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.13.3",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.13",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nio_uring: fix io_req_prep_async with provided buffers\n\nio_req_prep_async() can import provided buffers, commit the ring state\nby giving up on that before, it\u0027ll be reimported later if needed."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: io_uring: corrige io_req_prep_async con b\u00faferes proporcionados io_req_prep_async() puede importar b\u00faferes proporcionados, confirmar el estado del anillo renunciando a eso antes, se volver\u00e1 a importar m\u00e1s tarde si es necesario. "
}
],
"id": "CVE-2025-40364",
"lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:24:31.433",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"type": "Secondary"
},
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
},
"published": "2025-04-18T14:15:23.100",
"references": [
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/233b210a678bddf8b49b02a070074a52b87e6d43"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/35ae7910c349fb3c60439992e2e0e79061e95382"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a1b17713b32c75a90132ea2f92b1257f3bbc20f3"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a94592ec30ff67dc36c424327f1e0a9ceeeb9bd3"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b86f1d51731e621e83305dc9564ae14c9ef752bf"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d63b0e8a628e62ca85a0f7915230186bb92f8bb4"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"tags": [
"Patch"
],
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f0ef94553868d07c1b14d7743a7e2553e5a831a3"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"vulnStatus": "Modified",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Low",
"current_release_date": "2026-07-30T10:07:52+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-40364",
"id": "CVE-2025-40364",
"initial_release_date": "2025-04-18T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_affected": "184",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "90",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: io_uring: fix io_req_prep_async with provided buffers",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-40364.json",
"version": "3"
},
"suse_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-09-12T16:46:37Z",
"cve": "CVE-2025-40364",
"id": "CVE-2025-40364",
"initial_release_date": "2025-04-18T23:18:49Z",
"product_status:first_fixed": "2",
"product_status:known_affected": "394",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "451",
"product_status:recommended": "241",
"source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
"status": "interim",
"title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-40364",
"url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-40364.json",
"version": "52"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Loading…
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Loading…
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
Loading…