CVE-2026-31778 (GCVE-0-2026-31778)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-01 14:15 – Updated: 2026-05-11 22:15
VLAI
Title
ALSA: caiaq: fix stack out-of-bounds read in init_card
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: caiaq: fix stack out-of-bounds read in init_card The loop creates a whitespace-stripped copy of the card shortname where `len < sizeof(card->id)` is used for the bounds check. Since sizeof(card->id) is 16 and the local id buffer is also 16 bytes, writing 16 non-space characters fills the entire buffer, overwriting the terminating nullbyte. When this non-null-terminated string is later passed to snd_card_set_id() -> copy_valid_id_string(), the function scans forward with `while (*nid && ...)` and reads past the end of the stack buffer, reading the contents of the stack. A USB device with a product name containing many non-ASCII, non-space characters (e.g. multibyte UTF-8) will reliably trigger this as follows: BUG: KASAN: stack-out-of-bounds in copy_valid_id_string sound/core/init.c:696 [inline] BUG: KASAN: stack-out-of-bounds in snd_card_set_id_no_lock+0x698/0x74c sound/core/init.c:718 The off-by-one has been present since commit bafeee5b1f8d ("ALSA: snd_usb_caiaq: give better shortname") from June 2009 (v2.6.31-rc1), which first introduced this whitespace-stripping loop. The original code never accounted for the null terminator when bounding the copy. Fix this by changing the loop bound to `sizeof(card->id) - 1`, ensuring at least one byte remains as the null terminator.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: bafeee5b1f8d32cbf791c322b40a6fa91d8ccf7a , < 02d9c5b0b5553a391448b6d655262bd829f90234 (git)
Affected: bafeee5b1f8d32cbf791c322b40a6fa91d8ccf7a , < 3f7f8bae0d52cbd07ab04b76b6aac89ef98ee9f6 (git)
Affected: bafeee5b1f8d32cbf791c322b40a6fa91d8ccf7a , < 66194c2575a4f567577ae70b1d7561163ce791a6 (git)
Affected: bafeee5b1f8d32cbf791c322b40a6fa91d8ccf7a , < a82c1bce2d1299dd3c686a8fe48cf75b79a403c7 (git)
Affected: bafeee5b1f8d32cbf791c322b40a6fa91d8ccf7a , < 3178b62e2e31bab39f63d4c8e54bf4ee0a425627 (git)
Affected: bafeee5b1f8d32cbf791c322b40a6fa91d8ccf7a , < 3afa2e67f3523a980a2f90fd63c22322ac2b9ce0 (git)
Affected: bafeee5b1f8d32cbf791c322b40a6fa91d8ccf7a , < 7594a6464873d90fd229e5b94cdd3b92c9feabed (git)
Affected: bafeee5b1f8d32cbf791c322b40a6fa91d8ccf7a , < 45424e871abf2a152e247a9cff78359f18dd95c0 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 2.6.31
Unaffected: 0 , < 2.6.31 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.253 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.203 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.168 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.134 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.81 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.22 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.19.12 , ≤ 6.19.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.0 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nALSA: caiaq: fix stack out-of-bounds read in init_card\n\nThe loop creates a whitespace-stripped copy of the card shortname\nwhere `len \u003c sizeof(card-\u003eid)` is used for the bounds check. Since\nsizeof(card-\u003eid) is 16 and the local id buffer is also 16 bytes,\nwriting 16 non-space characters fills the entire buffer,\noverwriting the terminating nullbyte.\n\nWhen this non-null-terminated string is later passed to\nsnd_card_set_id() -\u003e copy_valid_id_string(), the function scans\nforward with `while (*nid \u0026\u0026 ...)` and reads past the end of the\nstack buffer, reading the contents of the stack.\n\nA USB device with a product name containing many non-ASCII, non-space\ncharacters (e.g. multibyte UTF-8) will reliably trigger this as follows:\n\n  BUG: KASAN: stack-out-of-bounds in copy_valid_id_string\n       sound/core/init.c:696 [inline]\n  BUG: KASAN: stack-out-of-bounds in snd_card_set_id_no_lock+0x698/0x74c\n       sound/core/init.c:718\n\nThe off-by-one has been present since commit bafeee5b1f8d (\"ALSA:\nsnd_usb_caiaq: give better shortname\") from June 2009 (v2.6.31-rc1),\nwhich first introduced this whitespace-stripping loop. The original\ncode never accounted for the null terminator when bounding the copy.\n\nFix this by changing the loop bound to `sizeof(card-\u003eid) - 1`,\nensuring at least one byte remains as the null terminator."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-31778",
        "lastModified": "2026-06-17T10:34:26.740",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.1,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "NONE",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 5.2,
              "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
              "type": "Primary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-05-01T15:16:41.190",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/02d9c5b0b5553a391448b6d655262bd829f90234"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3178b62e2e31bab39f63d4c8e54bf4ee0a425627"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3afa2e67f3523a980a2f90fd63c22322ac2b9ce0"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3f7f8bae0d52cbd07ab04b76b6aac89ef98ee9f6"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/45424e871abf2a152e247a9cff78359f18dd95c0"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/66194c2575a4f567577ae70b1d7561163ce791a6"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7594a6464873d90fd229e5b94cdd3b92c9feabed"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a82c1bce2d1299dd3c686a8fe48cf75b79a403c7"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-125"
              }
            ],
            "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
            "type": "Primary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-06-28T11:38:50+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-31778",
      "id": "CVE-2026-31778",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-05-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "274",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: ALSA: caiaq: fix stack out-of-bounds read in init_card",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-31778.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-31T13:42:23Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-31778",
      "id": "CVE-2026-31778",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-05-05T01:46:07Z",
      "product_status:first_fixed": "2",
      "product_status:known_affected": "643",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "15",
      "product_status:recommended": "287",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-31778",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-31778.json",
      "version": "8"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.