Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-85393 (GCVE-0-2026-85393)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-03 18:54 – Updated: 2026-09-03 19:14

Title

node-forge through 1.4.0 RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Forgery via Nested DigestAlgorithm Padding

Summary

node-forge through 1.4.0 fails to validate element count in nested DigestAlgorithm sequences during RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification. Attackers can embed garbage bytes inside the DigestAlgorithm sequence to forge valid signatures for arbitrary messages using low-exponent RSA keys. This is an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-33894.

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-03 19:13 UTC

CWE

CWE-347 - Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

Assigner

VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 6430 records in the last 180 days details

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/issues/1149	issue-tracking
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge	product
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/v1.4.…	technical-description
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/v1.4.…	technical-description
https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-ppp5-5v6c-4jwp	related
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/node-forge-t…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
digitalbazaar	forge	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.4.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:digitalbazaar:forge::::::::

Date Public

2026-07-06 00:00

Credits

George Chen

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2026-85393

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-09-03 19:17 - Updated: 2026-09-24 20:43

Severity

7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-ppp5-5v6c-4jwp
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/v1.4.0/lib/asn1.js
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/v1.4.0/lib/rsa.js
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/issues/1149
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/node-forge-through-1.4.0-rsa-pkcs-1-1.5-signature-forgery-via-nested-digestalgorithm-padding
	134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0	https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-ppp5-5v6c-4jwp

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageURL": "pkg:npm/node-forge",
          "product": "forge",
          "vendor": "digitalbazaar",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "1.4.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "node-forge through 1.4.0 fails to validate element count in nested DigestAlgorithm sequences during RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification. Attackers can embed garbage bytes inside the DigestAlgorithm sequence to forge valid signatures for arbitrary messages using low-exponent RSA keys. This is an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-33894."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-85393",
  "lastModified": "2026-09-24T20:43:32.537",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "baseScore": 7.5,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 3.6,
        "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "NONE",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 8.7,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-85393",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "poc"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2026-09-03T19:13:49.956810Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-09-03T19:17:31.103",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-ppp5-5v6c-4jwp"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/v1.4.0/lib/asn1.js"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/v1.4.0/lib/rsa.js"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/issues/1149"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/node-forge-through-1.4.0-rsa-pkcs-1-1.5-signature-forgery-via-nested-digestalgorithm-padding"
    },
    {
      "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-ppp5-5v6c-4jwp"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-347"
        }
      ],
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-86W9-CPQP-85RV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-03 21:31 – Updated: 2026-10-01 21:09

Summary

node-forge RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification accepts extra nested DigestAlgorithm elements

Details

Severity

7.5 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

8.7 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "node-forge"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "1.4.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-85393"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-347"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-10-01T21:09:09Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-03T19:17:31Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "node-forge through 1.4.0 fails to validate element count in nested DigestAlgorithm sequences during RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification. Attackers can embed garbage bytes inside the DigestAlgorithm sequence to forge valid signatures for arbitrary messages using low-exponent RSA keys. This is an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-33894.",
  "id": "GHSA-86w9-cpqp-85rv",
  "modified": "2026-10-01T21:09:09Z",
  "published": "2026-09-03T21:31:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-85393"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/issues/1149"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/pull/1152"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-ppp5-5v6c-4jwp"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/v1.4.0/lib/asn1.js"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/v1.4.0/lib/rsa.js"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/node-forge-through-1.4.0-rsa-pkcs-1-1.5-signature-forgery-via-nested-digestalgorithm-padding"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "node-forge RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification accepts extra nested DigestAlgorithm elements"
}

MSRC_CVE-2026-85393

Vulnerability from csaf_microsoft - Published: 2026-09-07 01:02 - Updated: 2026-09-09 01:55

Summary

node-forge through 1.4.0 RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Forgery via Nested DigestAlgorithm Padding

Scope

1 vulnerability in this advisory, including CVE-2026-85393.

CVE-2026-85393

Known not affected: 1 product

Open the full advisory

RHSA-2026:71179

Vulnerability from csaf_redhat - Published: 2026-09-23 22:20 - Updated: 2026-10-19 11:57

Summary

Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 Container Release Update

Severity

Critical

Scope

89 vulnerabilities in this advisory, including CVE-2026-85393.

CVE-2026-85393

A flaw was found in node-forge. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to forge valid RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 signatures for arbitrary messages. The flaw occurs because the software fails to properly validate the element count in nested DigestAlgorithm sequences during signature verification. By embedding specially crafted data, an attacker can bypass signature validation, leading to potential integrity compromise.

7.5 (High)


                
                  CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Fixed: 4 products Known not affected: 114 products

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:71179

Open the full advisory

RHSA-2026:71210

Vulnerability from csaf_redhat - Published: 2026-09-23 22:49 - Updated: 2026-10-19 11:57

Summary

Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 Container Release Update

Severity

Critical

Scope

29 vulnerabilities in this advisory, including CVE-2026-85393.

CVE-2026-85393

7.5 (High)


                
                  CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Fixed: 4 products Known not affected: 98 products

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:71210

Open the full advisory

UBUNTU-CVE-2026-85393 (CVE-2026-85393)

Vulnerability from osv_ubuntu – Published: 2026-09-03 19:17 – Updated: 2026-09-16 11:43 – Source website

Details

Severity

7.5 (High)


                    
                      CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

8.7 (High)


                    
                      CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

N/A (UNKNOWN)


                    
                      medium

References

URL

Type

	https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-85393	REPORT
	https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-85393	REPORT
	https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-ppp5-5v6c-4jwp	REPORT
	https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge	REPORT
	https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/v1.4.…	REPORT
	https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/v1.4.…	REPORT
	https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/issues/1149	REPORT
	https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/node-forge-t…	REPORT

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "libjs-node-forge",
            "binary_version": "0.9.1~dfsg-1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "node-node-forge",
            "binary_version": "0.9.1~dfsg-1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:20.04:LTS",
        "name": "node-node-forge",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/node-node-forge@0.9.1~dfsg-1?arch=source\u0026distro=focal"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "0.8.5~dfsg-2",
        "0.9.1~dfsg-1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "libjs-node-forge",
            "binary_version": "1.2.1~dfsg-2"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "node-node-forge",
            "binary_version": "1.2.1~dfsg-2"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:22.04:LTS",
        "name": "node-node-forge",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/node-node-forge@1.2.1~dfsg-2?arch=source\u0026distro=jammy"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "0.10.0~dfsg-3",
        "1.2.1~dfsg-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "details": "node-forge through 1.4.0 fails to validate element count in nested DigestAlgorithm sequences during RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification. Attackers can embed garbage bytes inside the DigestAlgorithm sequence to forge valid signatures for arbitrary messages using low-exponent RSA keys. This is an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-33894.",
  "id": "UBUNTU-CVE-2026-85393",
  "modified": "2026-09-16T11:43:10Z",
  "published": "2026-09-03T19:17:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-85393"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-85393"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-ppp5-5v6c-4jwp"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/v1.4.0/lib/asn1.js"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/v1.4.0/lib/rsa.js"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/issues/1149"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/node-forge-through-1.4.0-rsa-pkcs-1-1.5-signature-forgery-via-nested-digestalgorithm-padding"
    }
  ],
  "related": [],
  "schema_version": "1.7.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    },
    {
      "score": "medium",
      "type": "Ubuntu"
    }
  ],
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2026-85393"
  ]
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-85393 (GCVE-0-2026-85393)

FKIE_CVE-2026-85393

GHSA-86W9-CPQP-85RV

MSRC_CVE-2026-85393

RHSA-2026:71179

RHSA-2026:71210

UBUNTU-CVE-2026-85393 (CVE-2026-85393)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Vulnerability timeline

Related by attack behaviour