CVE-2026-92786 (GCVE-0-2026-92786)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 20:32 – Updated: 2026-09-21 15:44
VLAI
Title
LightGBM through 4.7.0 Out-of-Bounds Write via Crafted Model
Summary
LightGBM through 4.7.0 fails to validate child and split array values when parsing text models, allowing attackers to write out-of-bounds memory during SHAP prediction. Attackers can craft malicious model files with invalid node references that trigger out-of-bounds writes at attacker-chosen offsets in the leaf_depth_ buffer during feature contribution computation.
Severity
8.5 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-21 15:44 UTC
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 6437 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
lightgbm-org LightGBM Affected: 0 , ≤ 4.7.0 (semver)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-10 00:00
Credits
George Chen
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-92786",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-09-21T15:44:38.629081Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-21T15:44:46.726Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "LightGBM",
          "vendor": "lightgbm-org",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "4.7.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "George Chen"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2026-07-10T00:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "LightGBM through 4.7.0 fails to validate child and split array values when parsing text models, allowing attackers to write out-of-bounds memory during SHAP prediction. Attackers can craft malicious model files with invalid node references that trigger out-of-bounds writes at attacker-chosen offsets in the leaf_depth_ buffer during feature contribution computation."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "baseScore": 8.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH"
          },
          "format": "CVSS"
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS"
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-787",
              "description": "Out-of-bounds Write",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-16T20:32:43.282Z",
        "orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
        "shortName": "VulnCheck"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "GitHub Issue #7357",
          "tags": [
            "issue-tracking"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/lightgbm-org/LightGBM/issues/7357"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "product"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/lightgbm-org/LightGBM"
        },
        {
          "name": "RecomputeLeafDepths writes at the bit-inverted child value with no bounds check",
          "tags": [
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/lightgbm-org/LightGBM/blob/v4.6.0/include/LightGBM/tree.h#L691-L698"
        },
        {
          "name": "child and split arrays are parsed with only a length check",
          "tags": [
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/lightgbm-org/LightGBM/blob/v4.6.0/src/io/tree.cpp#L750-L766"
        },
        {
          "name": "VulnCheck Advisory: LightGBM through 4.7.0 Out-of-Bounds Write via Crafted Model",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/lightgbm-through-4.7.0-out-of-bounds-write-via-crafted-model"
        }
      ],
      "title": "LightGBM through 4.7.0 Out-of-Bounds Write via Crafted Model",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "vulncheck-endgame"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
    "assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-92786",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-16T20:32:43.282Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-16T19:31:51.976Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-21T15:44:46.726Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-92786",
      "date": "2026-10-18",
      "epss": "0.00186",
      "percentile": "0.077"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "product": "LightGBM",
                "vendor": "lightgbm-org",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "4.7.0",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "0",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com"
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "LightGBM through 4.7.0 fails to validate child and split array values when parsing text models, allowing attackers to write out-of-bounds memory during SHAP prediction. Attackers can craft malicious model files with invalid node references that trigger out-of-bounds writes at attacker-chosen offsets in the leaf_depth_ buffer during feature contribution computation."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-92786",
        "lastModified": "2026-09-24T21:04:40.340",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ],
          "cvssMetricV40": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackRequirements": "NONE",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "baseScore": 8.5,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                "userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
                "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
                "version": "4.0",
                "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
              },
              "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ],
          "ssvcV203": [
            {
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "ssvcData": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-92786",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "technicalImpact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-09-21T15:44:38.629081Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-09-16T21:17:27.880",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
            "url": "https://github.com/lightgbm-org/LightGBM"
          },
          {
            "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
            "url": "https://github.com/lightgbm-org/LightGBM/blob/v4.6.0/include/LightGBM/tree.h#L691-L698"
          },
          {
            "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
            "url": "https://github.com/lightgbm-org/LightGBM/blob/v4.6.0/src/io/tree.cpp#L750-L766"
          },
          {
            "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
            "url": "https://github.com/lightgbm-org/LightGBM/issues/7357"
          },
          {
            "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
            "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/lightgbm-through-4.7.0-out-of-bounds-write-via-crafted-model"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
        "vulnStatus": "Awaiting Analysis",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-787"
              }
            ],
            "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
            "type": "Secondary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-16T12:17:44+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-92786",
      "id": "CVE-2026-92786",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-09-16T20:32:43.282000+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "5",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "4",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "LightGBM: LightGBM: Out-of-bounds write via crafted model file",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-92786.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2026-92786",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "no"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "total"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2026-09-21T15:44:38.629081Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2026-09-21T15:44:43.414Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "product": "LightGBM",
              "vendor": "lightgbm-org",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "4.7.0",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "0",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "credits": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "finder",
              "value": "George Chen"
            }
          ],
          "datePublic": "2026-07-10T00:00:00.000Z",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "LightGBM through 4.7.0 fails to validate child and split array values when parsing text models, allowing attackers to write out-of-bounds memory during SHAP prediction. Attackers can craft malicious model files with invalid node references that trigger out-of-bounds writes at attacker-chosen offsets in the leaf_depth_ buffer during feature contribution computation."
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV4_0": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackRequirements": "NONE",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "baseScore": 8.5,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                "userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
                "version": "4.0",
                "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH"
              },
              "format": "CVSS"
            },
            {
              "cvssV3_1": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "format": "CVSS"
            }
          ],
          "problemTypes": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-787",
                  "description": "Out-of-bounds Write",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-09-16T20:32:43.282Z",
            "orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
            "shortName": "VulnCheck"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "name": "GitHub Issue #7357",
              "tags": [
                "issue-tracking"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/lightgbm-org/LightGBM/issues/7357"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "product"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/lightgbm-org/LightGBM"
            },
            {
              "name": "RecomputeLeafDepths writes at the bit-inverted child value with no bounds check",
              "tags": [
                "technical-description"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/lightgbm-org/LightGBM/blob/v4.6.0/include/LightGBM/tree.h#L691-L698"
            },
            {
              "name": "child and split arrays are parsed with only a length check",
              "tags": [
                "technical-description"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/lightgbm-org/LightGBM/blob/v4.6.0/src/io/tree.cpp#L750-L766"
            },
            {
              "name": "VulnCheck Advisory: LightGBM through 4.7.0 Out-of-Bounds Write via Crafted Model",
              "tags": [
                "third-party-advisory"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/lightgbm-through-4.7.0-out-of-bounds-write-via-crafted-model"
            }
          ],
          "title": "LightGBM through 4.7.0 Out-of-Bounds Write via Crafted Model",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "vulncheck-endgame"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
        "assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
        "cveId": "CVE-2026-92786",
        "datePublished": "2026-09-16T20:32:43.282Z",
        "dateReserved": "2026-09-16T19:31:51.976Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-21T15:44:46.726Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON

Loading timeline…




    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.