CVE-2026-98626 (GCVE-0-2026-98626)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-18 15:19 – Updated: 2026-10-19 09:22
VLAI
Title
bpf: Restrict CO-RE poisoning to relocatable instructions
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Restrict CO-RE poisoning to relocatable instructions CO-RE relocation records can name any instruction offset. When a relocation cannot be resolved, bpf_core_patch_insn() currently poisons its target before checking whether that instruction is a valid relocation target. Malformed metadata can therefore replace jumps, calls, exits, register-source arithmetic, or non-immediate loads instead of failing at the relocation step. Handle poisoning only after the instruction has passed the same class and operand-form checks used for a resolved relocation. Route invalid forms through the existing diagnostic and return a hard error. Keep poisoning supported instructions, including both halves of a plain ldimm64, so an unresolved relocation in dead code remains valid. Extend bpf_core_poison_insn() to poison both halves of ldimm64, and return its status directly from each validated instruction case. This avoids routing the success path through a common label and leaves the helper free to report errors. The shared relocation code applies this restriction to both libbpf and in-kernel CO-RE.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6641 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f , < a8c47e62d9aea2d47a09e06c1682c59c21b92449 (git)
Affected: d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f , < d3219c229d16900cef936adad28633c98946e432 (git)
Affected: d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f , < a0b79cdfcf34b53c85bac2d3cf022fc1342eeca0 (git)
Affected: d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f , < f2a24101e89dd0804e717da7c1bd6af513698aa2 (git)
Affected: d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f , < 2d7d04357c41aa49a5ac658fcc207439f2ad6456 (git)
Affected: d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f , < 8e4cbcca1e0a2fc5e6c8edb68e0cf5f2587f9319 (git)
Affected: d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f , < 394ae398337c5f87e567f6cd63b937fc2b2f6ddc (git)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 5.6
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.6 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.222 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.189 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.158 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.112 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.55 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2.9 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.3 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "a8c47e62d9aea2d47a09e06c1682c59c21b92449",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "d3219c229d16900cef936adad28633c98946e432",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "a0b79cdfcf34b53c85bac2d3cf022fc1342eeca0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "f2a24101e89dd0804e717da7c1bd6af513698aa2",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "2d7d04357c41aa49a5ac658fcc207439f2ad6456",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "8e4cbcca1e0a2fc5e6c8edb68e0cf5f2587f9319",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "394ae398337c5f87e567f6cd63b937fc2b2f6ddc",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.6"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.6",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.222",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.189",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.158",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.112",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.55",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.2.9",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.3",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.222",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.6",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.189",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.6",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.158",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.6",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.112",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.6",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.55",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.6",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.2.9",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.6",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.3",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.6",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Restrict CO-RE poisoning to relocatable instructions\n\nCO-RE relocation records can name any instruction offset. When a\nrelocation cannot be resolved, bpf_core_patch_insn() currently poisons its\ntarget before checking whether that instruction is a valid relocation\ntarget. Malformed metadata can therefore replace jumps, calls, exits,\nregister-source arithmetic, or non-immediate loads instead of failing at\nthe relocation step.\n\nHandle poisoning only after the instruction has passed the same class and\noperand-form checks used for a resolved relocation. Route invalid forms\nthrough the existing diagnostic and return a hard error. Keep poisoning\nsupported instructions, including both halves of a plain ldimm64, so an\nunresolved relocation in dead code remains valid.\n\nExtend bpf_core_poison_insn() to poison both halves of ldimm64, and return\nits status directly from each validated instruction case. This avoids\nrouting the success path through a common label and leaves the helper free\nto report errors.\n\nThe shared relocation code applies this restriction to both libbpf and\nin-kernel CO-RE."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T09:22:54.307Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a8c47e62d9aea2d47a09e06c1682c59c21b92449"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d3219c229d16900cef936adad28633c98946e432"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a0b79cdfcf34b53c85bac2d3cf022fc1342eeca0"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f2a24101e89dd0804e717da7c1bd6af513698aa2"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2d7d04357c41aa49a5ac658fcc207439f2ad6456"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8e4cbcca1e0a2fc5e6c8edb68e0cf5f2587f9319"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/394ae398337c5f87e567f6cd63b937fc2b2f6ddc"
        }
      ],
      "title": "bpf: Restrict CO-RE poisoning to relocatable instructions",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-98626",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-18T15:19:47.832Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.361Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T09:22:54.307Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-98626",
      "date": "2026-11-11",
      "epss": "0.00212",
      "percentile": "0.11594"
    },
    "microsoft_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-11-02T01:51:21.000Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-98626",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2026-98626",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-10-20T01:03:44.000Z",
      "product_status:fixed": "1",
      "product_status:known_affected": "1",
      "product_status:under_investigation": "1",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "bpf: Restrict CO-RE poisoning to relocatable instructions",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-98626.json",
      "version": "5"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "product": "Linux",
                "programFiles": [
                  "tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c"
                ],
                "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                "vendor": "Linux",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "lessThan": "a8c47e62d9aea2d47a09e06c1682c59c21b92449",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "d3219c229d16900cef936adad28633c98946e432",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "a0b79cdfcf34b53c85bac2d3cf022fc1342eeca0",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "f2a24101e89dd0804e717da7c1bd6af513698aa2",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "2d7d04357c41aa49a5ac658fcc207439f2ad6456",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "8e4cbcca1e0a2fc5e6c8edb68e0cf5f2587f9319",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "394ae398337c5f87e567f6cd63b937fc2b2f6ddc",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "d7a252708dbc950ca2064310217e8b9f85846e2f",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "defaultStatus": "affected",
                "product": "Linux",
                "programFiles": [
                  "tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c"
                ],
                "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                "vendor": "Linux",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "5.6"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "5.6",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "0",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "5.15.222",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.1.189",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.6.158",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.12.112",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.18.55",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "7.2.9",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "7.3",
                    "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Restrict CO-RE poisoning to relocatable instructions\n\nCO-RE relocation records can name any instruction offset. When a\nrelocation cannot be resolved, bpf_core_patch_insn() currently poisons its\ntarget before checking whether that instruction is a valid relocation\ntarget. Malformed metadata can therefore replace jumps, calls, exits,\nregister-source arithmetic, or non-immediate loads instead of failing at\nthe relocation step.\n\nHandle poisoning only after the instruction has passed the same class and\noperand-form checks used for a resolved relocation. Route invalid forms\nthrough the existing diagnostic and return a hard error. Keep poisoning\nsupported instructions, including both halves of a plain ldimm64, so an\nunresolved relocation in dead code remains valid.\n\nExtend bpf_core_poison_insn() to poison both halves of ldimm64, and return\nits status directly from each validated instruction case. This avoids\nrouting the success path through a common label and leaves the helper free\nto report errors.\n\nThe shared relocation code applies this restriction to both libbpf and\nin-kernel CO-RE."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-98626",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-19T10:19:26.820",
        "metrics": {},
        "published": "2026-10-18T16:17:15.640",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2d7d04357c41aa49a5ac658fcc207439f2ad6456"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/394ae398337c5f87e567f6cd63b937fc2b2f6ddc"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8e4cbcca1e0a2fc5e6c8edb68e0cf5f2587f9319"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a0b79cdfcf34b53c85bac2d3cf022fc1342eeca0"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a8c47e62d9aea2d47a09e06c1682c59c21b92449"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d3219c229d16900cef936adad28633c98946e432"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f2a24101e89dd0804e717da7c1bd6af513698aa2"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Received"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-11-07T11:31:09+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-98626",
      "id": "CVE-2026-98626",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-10-18T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "203",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: bpf: Restrict CO-RE poisoning to relocatable instructions",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-98626.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "low",
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-22T16:36:25Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-98626",
      "id": "CVE-2026-98626",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-10-22T16:36:25Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "231",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "117",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-98626",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/2026/cve-2026-98626.json",
      "version": "2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON
How durations are calculated

Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.

Loading timeline…




    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.