CVE-2026-99076 (GCVE-0-2026-99076)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-23 12:23 – Updated: 2026-10-23 12:23
VLAI
Title
ipv6: udp: Create exceptions before socket matching
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: udp: Create exceptions before socket matching Currently, when ICMPv6 Packet Too Big and Redirect Message packets are locally delivered and quote a UDP packet, an exception is only created in the IPv6 exception cache if the kernel can match the UDP packet to an existing socket. This behavior allows off-path attackers to conduct a side-channel attack on the exception cache in order to discover the ephemeral port used by a connected UDP socket. Commit 4785305c05b2 ("ipv6: use siphash in rt6_exception_hash()") and commit a00df2caffed ("ipv6: make exception cache less predictible") tried to mitigate such attacks by making it harder for attackers to discover hash collisions in the exception cache and by randomizing the number of exceptions a hash bucket can hold, respectively. Unfortunately, both of the mitigations can be bypassed. Instead, mitigate such attacks by always creating an exception, even before trying to find a matching socket. Do that by calling ip6_update_pmtu() and ip6_redirect(), the helpers used when the quoted packet did not originate from a socket. This means that guesses (right or wrong) from an off-path attacker will always result in an exception being created or updated in the cache that the attacker can observe. Pass the ifindex of the ingress device and the default uid, in a similar fashion to icmpv6_err(). Unlike IPv4, an oif of 0 would not match any nexthop in ip6_redirect_nh_match() and no exception would be created in response to a Redirect Message. Note that this does not allow attackers to create exceptions that they could not create before, as both helpers can already be reached with little to no validation. For example, by sending an ICMPv6 error that quotes an ICMPv6 Echo Reply or one that quotes a UDP source port that matches a wildcard socket. Also note that in the good case (matched socket) the above scheme comes at the cost of an extra route lookup, as the no socket helpers perform their own lookup before the one performed by ip6_sk_update_pmtu() / ip6_sk_redirect(). When the two resolve to different nexthops, it also results in two exceptions being created for the same destination IP. One in the exception cache of the nexthop resolved by the no socket helpers and another in the exception cache of the nexthop used by the socket.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6637 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 2b760fcf5cfb34e8610df56d83745b2b74ae1379 , < 8c9b310c958be33ba8fb9d0e6b77811d013e10c0 (git)
Affected: 2b760fcf5cfb34e8610df56d83745b2b74ae1379 , < ac76cab50e899a7346408b8d3c3a4192c2eefb9f (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 4.15
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.15 (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2.11 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.3 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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          "programFiles": [
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nipv6: udp: Create exceptions before socket matching\n\nCurrently, when ICMPv6 Packet Too Big and Redirect Message packets are\nlocally delivered and quote a UDP packet, an exception is only created\nin the IPv6 exception cache if the kernel can match the UDP packet to an\nexisting socket.\n\nThis behavior allows off-path attackers to conduct a side-channel attack\non the exception cache in order to discover the ephemeral port used by a\nconnected UDP socket.\n\nCommit 4785305c05b2 (\"ipv6: use siphash in rt6_exception_hash()\") and\ncommit a00df2caffed (\"ipv6: make exception cache less predictible\") tried\nto mitigate such attacks by making it harder for attackers to discover\nhash collisions in the exception cache and by randomizing the number of\nexceptions a hash bucket can hold, respectively. Unfortunately, both of\nthe mitigations can be bypassed.\n\nInstead, mitigate such attacks by always creating an exception, even\nbefore trying to find a matching socket. Do that by calling\nip6_update_pmtu() and ip6_redirect(), the helpers used when the quoted\npacket did not originate from a socket.\n\nThis means that guesses (right or wrong) from an off-path attacker will\nalways result in an exception being created or updated in the cache that\nthe attacker can observe.\n\nPass the ifindex of the ingress device and the default uid, in a similar\nfashion to icmpv6_err(). Unlike IPv4, an oif of 0 would not match any\nnexthop in ip6_redirect_nh_match() and no exception would be created in\nresponse to a Redirect Message.\n\nNote that this does not allow attackers to create exceptions that they\ncould not create before, as both helpers can already be reached with\nlittle to no validation. For example, by sending an ICMPv6 error that\nquotes an ICMPv6 Echo Reply or one that quotes a UDP source port that\nmatches a wildcard socket.\n\nAlso note that in the good case (matched socket) the above scheme comes\nat the cost of an extra route lookup, as the no socket helpers perform\ntheir own lookup before the one performed by ip6_sk_update_pmtu() /\nip6_sk_redirect(). When the two resolve to different nexthops, it also\nresults in two exceptions being created for the same destination IP. One\nin the exception cache of the nexthop resolved by the no socket helpers\nand another in the exception cache of the nexthop used by the socket."
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    "datePublished": "2026-10-23T12:23:19.727Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.389Z",
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      "title": "ipv6: udp: Create exceptions before socket matching",
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            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nipv6: udp: Create exceptions before socket matching\n\nCurrently, when ICMPv6 Packet Too Big and Redirect Message packets are\nlocally delivered and quote a UDP packet, an exception is only created\nin the IPv6 exception cache if the kernel can match the UDP packet to an\nexisting socket.\n\nThis behavior allows off-path attackers to conduct a side-channel attack\non the exception cache in order to discover the ephemeral port used by a\nconnected UDP socket.\n\nCommit 4785305c05b2 (\"ipv6: use siphash in rt6_exception_hash()\") and\ncommit a00df2caffed (\"ipv6: make exception cache less predictible\") tried\nto mitigate such attacks by making it harder for attackers to discover\nhash collisions in the exception cache and by randomizing the number of\nexceptions a hash bucket can hold, respectively. Unfortunately, both of\nthe mitigations can be bypassed.\n\nInstead, mitigate such attacks by always creating an exception, even\nbefore trying to find a matching socket. Do that by calling\nip6_update_pmtu() and ip6_redirect(), the helpers used when the quoted\npacket did not originate from a socket.\n\nThis means that guesses (right or wrong) from an off-path attacker will\nalways result in an exception being created or updated in the cache that\nthe attacker can observe.\n\nPass the ifindex of the ingress device and the default uid, in a similar\nfashion to icmpv6_err(). Unlike IPv4, an oif of 0 would not match any\nnexthop in ip6_redirect_nh_match() and no exception would be created in\nresponse to a Redirect Message.\n\nNote that this does not allow attackers to create exceptions that they\ncould not create before, as both helpers can already be reached with\nlittle to no validation. For example, by sending an ICMPv6 error that\nquotes an ICMPv6 Echo Reply or one that quotes a UDP source port that\nmatches a wildcard socket.\n\nAlso note that in the good case (matched socket) the above scheme comes\nat the cost of an extra route lookup, as the no socket helpers perform\ntheir own lookup before the one performed by ip6_sk_update_pmtu() /\nip6_sk_redirect(). When the two resolve to different nexthops, it also\nresults in two exceptions being created for the same destination IP. One\nin the exception cache of the nexthop resolved by the no socket helpers\nand another in the exception cache of the nexthop used by the socket."
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        "id": "CVE-2026-99076",
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}



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