CVE-2026-99123 (GCVE-0-2026-99123)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-28 10:34 – Updated: 2026-10-31 12:43
VLAI
Title
vsock/virtio: validate packet source for connected sockets
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vsock/virtio: validate packet source for connected sockets virtio_transport_recv_pkt() looks up sockets first by the full source and destination tuple, then by destination only in the bound table. The fallback is needed for listening and connecting sockets, but sockets remain in the bound table after connect(), so it can also return a non-listening socket. The fallback does not validate the source address. In TCP_SYN_SENT, a RESPONSE from an unrelated source can transition the victim socket to TCP_ESTABLISHED while its stored remote address remains unchanged. Subsequent RW packets from that source are delivered through the same destination-only fallback. This was reproduced with capability-empty processes under different UIDs. The attacker discovered the target tuple through unprivileged AF_VSOCK sock_diag and caused the victim socket to read 16 attacker-chosen bytes; the intended peer-side socket read 0 of those 16 bytes. Add vsock_check_source() to validate the transport, source port and source CID against the peer stored in a non-listening socket. The local transport is the CID exception because its packets are generated internally with VMADDR_CID_LOCAL as their source, including connections using CID aliases. Use the helper after lock_sock() in the virtio receive path.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6639 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 06a8fc78367d070720af960dcecec917d3ae5f3b , < bda841af86cdfe7fcf4a2f4db22e27f1b852b1ff (git)
Affected: 06a8fc78367d070720af960dcecec917d3ae5f3b , < c0a3a786a5e8b5007d6a3c34721ab052399ab2ad (git)
Affected: 06a8fc78367d070720af960dcecec917d3ae5f3b , < f77fb90edca5385d0eecbfd6d2c8ef60afff24a9 (git)
Affected: 06a8fc78367d070720af960dcecec917d3ae5f3b , < ec231dd3b14e541ba1c4f842a7d152fb61037333 (git)
Affected: 06a8fc78367d070720af960dcecec917d3ae5f3b , < 6cd829de69efd9ed3a53aa2421004a0396eb2bd7 (git)
Affected: 06a8fc78367d070720af960dcecec917d3ae5f3b , < e9bf92de436ba55f33eaa55d7008e68551123cfd (git)
Affected: 06a8fc78367d070720af960dcecec917d3ae5f3b , < dee44f41f206becb41c492899c1996cfd7f82a1b (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 4.8
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.8 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.224 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.191 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.161 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.115 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.59 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2.13 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.3 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
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          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "include/net/af_vsock.h",
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            "net/vmw_vsock/virtio_transport_common.c"
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nvsock/virtio: validate packet source for connected sockets\n\nvirtio_transport_recv_pkt() looks up sockets first by the full source and\ndestination tuple, then by destination only in the bound table. The\nfallback is needed for listening and connecting sockets, but sockets remain\nin the bound table after connect(), so it can also return a non-listening\nsocket.\n\nThe fallback does not validate the source address. In TCP_SYN_SENT, a\nRESPONSE from an unrelated source can transition the victim socket to\nTCP_ESTABLISHED while its stored remote address remains unchanged.\nSubsequent RW packets from that source are delivered through the same\ndestination-only fallback.\n\nThis was reproduced with capability-empty processes under different UIDs.\nThe attacker discovered the target tuple through unprivileged AF_VSOCK\nsock_diag and caused the victim socket to read 16 attacker-chosen bytes;\nthe intended peer-side socket read 0 of those 16 bytes.\n\nAdd vsock_check_source() to validate the transport, source port and source\nCID against the peer stored in a non-listening socket. The local transport\nis the CID exception because its packets are generated internally with\nVMADDR_CID_LOCAL as their source, including connections using CID aliases.\n\nUse the helper after lock_sock() in the virtio receive path."
        }
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            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
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              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The demonstrated attacker is a local capability-empty AF_VSOCK process: SOCK_DIAG_BY_FAMILY reveals the tuple, and its loopback skb reaches the patched virtio_transport_recv_pkt() through vsock_loopback_work(). No routable network protocol carries the trigger.\nAC:L - virtio_transport_recv_pkt() deterministically falls from vsock_find_connected_socket_net() to destination-only vsock_find_bound_socket_net(); RESPONSE establishes a SYN_SENT socket and later RW packets are queued. No race or memory-layout condition is needed, and established sockets are directly vulnerable.\nPR:L - vsock_create() and the SOCK_DIAG_BY_FAMILY dump impose no capability check, while vsock_auto_bind() selects a non-reserved port without CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE. The commit reproduced exploitation between capability-empty processes under different UIDs.\nUI:N - After the target process has a connecting or connected vsock, the attacker independently enumerates its tuple and injects RESPONSE and RW packets. No victim user must approve, open, or mount attacker-supplied content.\nS:U - The flaw changes another socket\u0027s state and receive queue within the same host kernel authority; crossing a UID boundary is ordinary same-kernel access-control impact. The demonstrated path does not escape a VM or bypass an IOMMU or sandbox boundary.\nC:N - The accepted RESPONSE does not change vsk-\u003eremote_addr, and virtio_transport_send_pkt_info() continues directing victim transmissions to the stored intended peer. The unrelated source receives no victim data, and no kernel-memory read exists.\nI:H - virtio_transport_recv_connected() passes unrelated RW packets to virtio_transport_recv_enqueue(), and recvmsg later copies their attacker-chosen payload into the victim process. This permits arbitrary injection into the victim\u0027s inbound stream, as demonstrated by the 16 chosen bytes.\nA:H - The same fallback lets an unrelated VIRTIO_VSOCK_OP_RST reach virtio_transport_recv_connected(), which calls virtio_transport_do_close(); SHUTDOWN can likewise remove the socket. Unprivileged tuple enumeration lets the attacker repeat this against new connections and deny the vsock service."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-31T12:43:28.598Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dee44f41f206becb41c492899c1996cfd7f82a1b"
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      "title": "vsock/virtio: validate packet source for connected sockets",
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-99123",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-28T10:34:38.600Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.393Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-31T12:43:28.598Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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  "dataVersion": "5.2",
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      "date": "2026-11-10",
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      "cve": "CVE-2026-99123",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2026-99123",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-10-29T01:04:23.000Z",
      "product_status:fixed": "1",
      "product_status:known_affected": "2",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "vsock/virtio: validate packet source for connected sockets",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-99123.json",
      "version": "4"
    },
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                "product": "Linux",
                "programFiles": [
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            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nvsock/virtio: validate packet source for connected sockets\n\nvirtio_transport_recv_pkt() looks up sockets first by the full source and\ndestination tuple, then by destination only in the bound table. The\nfallback is needed for listening and connecting sockets, but sockets remain\nin the bound table after connect(), so it can also return a non-listening\nsocket.\n\nThe fallback does not validate the source address. In TCP_SYN_SENT, a\nRESPONSE from an unrelated source can transition the victim socket to\nTCP_ESTABLISHED while its stored remote address remains unchanged.\nSubsequent RW packets from that source are delivered through the same\ndestination-only fallback.\n\nThis was reproduced with capability-empty processes under different UIDs.\nThe attacker discovered the target tuple through unprivileged AF_VSOCK\nsock_diag and caused the victim socket to read 16 attacker-chosen bytes;\nthe intended peer-side socket read 0 of those 16 bytes.\n\nAdd vsock_check_source() to validate the transport, source port and source\nCID against the peer stored in a non-listening socket. The local transport\nis the CID exception because its packets are generated internally with\nVMADDR_CID_LOCAL as their source, including connections using CID aliases.\n\nUse the helper after lock_sock() in the virtio receive path."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-99123",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-31T13:17:56.597",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.1,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 5.2,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-10-28T11:17:31.963",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6cd829de69efd9ed3a53aa2421004a0396eb2bd7"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bda841af86cdfe7fcf4a2f4db22e27f1b852b1ff"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c0a3a786a5e8b5007d6a3c34721ab052399ab2ad"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dee44f41f206becb41c492899c1996cfd7f82a1b"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e9bf92de436ba55f33eaa55d7008e68551123cfd"
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          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ec231dd3b14e541ba1c4f842a7d152fb61037333"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f77fb90edca5385d0eecbfd6d2c8ef60afff24a9"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Received"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Low",
      "current_release_date": "2026-11-06T20:16:29+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-99123",
      "id": "CVE-2026-99123",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-10-28T10:34:38.600000+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "189",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "14",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: kernel: connection hijacking via missing packet source validation in virtio vsock",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-99123.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON
How durations are calculated

Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.

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    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.