GHSA-4VC4-M8QH-G8JM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-12 20:20 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:33
VLAI
Summary
Ruby SAML allows a SAML authentication bypass due to DOCTYPE handling (parser differential)
Details

Summary

An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently, the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack.

Impact

This issue may lead to authentication bypass.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "ruby-saml"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.12.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "ruby-saml"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.13.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.18.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-25291"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-347",
      "CWE-436"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-03-12T20:20:24Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-12T21:15:42Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nAn authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml due to a parser differential.\nReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently, the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack.\n\n### Impact\nThis issue may lead to authentication bypass.",
  "id": "GHSA-4vc4-m8qh-g8jm",
  "modified": "2025-11-03T21:33:11Z",
  "published": "2025-03-12T20:20:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-4vc4-m8qh-g8jm"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/omniauth/omniauth-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-hw46-3hmr-x9xv"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25291"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e76c5b36bac40aedbf1ba7ffaaf495be63328cd9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e9c1cdbd0f9afa467b585de279db0cbd0fb8ae97"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-released"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.blog/security/sign-in-as-anyone-bypassing-saml-sso-authentication-with-parser-differentials"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.12.4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.18.0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/ruby-saml/CVE-2025-25291.yml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/04/msg00011.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43374519"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portswigger.net/research/saml-roulette-the-hacker-always-wins"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250314-0010"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2024-329_GHSL-2024-330_ruby-saml"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Ruby SAML allows a SAML authentication bypass due to DOCTYPE handling (parser differential)"
}



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