GHSA-8WPR-639P-CCRJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-30 15:32 – Updated: 2025-12-30 15:32
VLAI?
Summary
Nest has a Fastify URL Encoding Middleware Bypass (TOCTOU)
Details

A NestJS application is vulnerable if it meets all of the following criteria:

  1. Platform: Uses @nestjs/platform-fastify.
  2. Security Mechanism: Relies on NestMiddleware (via MiddlewareConsumer) for security checks (authentication, authorization, etc.), or through app.use()
  3. Routing: Applies middleware to specific routes using string paths or controllers (e.g., .forRoutes('admin')). Example Vulnerable Config:
// app.module.ts
export class AppModule implements NestModule {
  configure(consumer: MiddlewareConsumer) {
    consumer
      .apply(AuthMiddleware) // Security check
      .forRoutes('admin');   // Vulnerable: Path-based restriction
  }
}

Attack Vector:

  • Target Route: /admin
  • Middleware Path: admin
  • Attack Request: GET /%61dmin
  • Result: Middleware is skipped (no match on %61dmin), but controller for /admin is executed.

Consequences:

  • Authentication Bypass: Unauthenticated users can access protected routes.
  • Authorization Bypass: Restricted administrative endpoints become accessible to lower-privileged users.
  • Input Validation Bypass: Middleware performing sanitization or validation can be skipped.

Patches

Patched in @nestjs/platform-fastify@11.1.11

Resources

Credit goes to Hacktron AI for reporting this issue.

Severity ?
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c 11.1.10"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@nestjs/platform-fastify"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "11.1.11"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-69211"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-367"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-12-30T15:32:44Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-29T16:15:44Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A NestJS application is vulnerable if it meets all of the following criteria:\n\n1. Platform: Uses `@nestjs/platform-fastify`.\n2. Security Mechanism: Relies on `NestMiddleware` (via `MiddlewareConsumer`) for security checks (authentication, authorization, etc.), or through `app.use()`\n3. Routing: Applies middleware to specific routes using string paths or controllers (e.g., `.forRoutes(\u0027admin\u0027)`).\nExample Vulnerable Config:\n\n```ts\n// app.module.ts\nexport class AppModule implements NestModule {\n  configure(consumer: MiddlewareConsumer) {\n    consumer\n      .apply(AuthMiddleware) // Security check\n      .forRoutes(\u0027admin\u0027);   // Vulnerable: Path-based restriction\n  }\n}\n```\n\nAttack Vector:\n\n- Target Route: `/admin`\n- Middleware Path: `admin`\n- Attack Request: `GET /%61dmin`\n- Result: Middleware is skipped (no match on `%61dmin`), but controller for `/admin` is executed.\n\nConsequences:\n\n- Authentication Bypass: Unauthenticated users can access protected routes.\n- Authorization Bypass: Restricted administrative endpoints become accessible to lower-privileged users.\n- Input Validation Bypass: Middleware performing sanitization or validation can be skipped.\n\n### Patches\n\nPatched in `@nestjs/platform-fastify@11.1.11`\n\n### Resources\n\nCredit goes to Hacktron AI for reporting this issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-8wpr-639p-ccrj",
  "modified": "2025-12-30T15:32:44Z",
  "published": "2025-12-30T15:32:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nestjs/nest/security/advisories/GHSA-8wpr-639p-ccrj"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69211"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nestjs/nest/commit/c4cedda15a05aafec1e6045b36b0335ab850e771"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/nestjs/nest"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Nest has a Fastify URL Encoding Middleware Bypass (TOCTOU)"
}


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  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



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