cve-2019-14893
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2020-03-02 20:11
Modified
2024-08-05 00:26
Severity ?
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Summary
A flaw was discovered in FasterXML jackson-databind in all versions before 2.9.10 and 2.10.0, where it would permit polymorphic deserialization of malicious objects using the xalan JNDI gadget when used in conjunction with polymorphic type handling methods such as `enableDefaultTyping()` or when @JsonTypeInfo is using `Id.CLASS` or `Id.MINIMAL_CLASS` or in any other way which ObjectMapper.readValue might instantiate objects from unsafe sources. An attacker could use this flaw to execute arbitrary code.
References
secalert@redhat.comhttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0729Third Party Advisory
secalert@redhat.comhttps://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-14893Issue Tracking, Patch, Third Party Advisory
secalert@redhat.comhttps://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-databind/issues/2469Third Party Advisory
secalert@redhat.comhttps://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r1b103833cb5bc8466e24ff0ecc5e75b45a705334ab6a444e64e840a0%40%3Cissues.bookkeeper.apache.org%3E
secalert@redhat.comhttps://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rf1bbc0ea4a9f014cf94df9a12a6477d24a27f52741dbc87f2fd52ff2%40%3Cissues.geode.apache.org%3E
secalert@redhat.comhttps://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200327-0006/Third Party Advisory
secalert@redhat.comhttps://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.htmlThird Party Advisory
secalert@redhat.comhttps://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.htmlThird Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0729Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-14893Issue Tracking, Patch, Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-databind/issues/2469Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r1b103833cb5bc8466e24ff0ecc5e75b45a705334ab6a444e64e840a0%40%3Cissues.bookkeeper.apache.org%3E
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rf1bbc0ea4a9f014cf94df9a12a6477d24a27f52741dbc87f2fd52ff2%40%3Cissues.geode.apache.org%3E
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200327-0006/Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.htmlThird Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.htmlThird Party Advisory
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Show details on NVD website

To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-05T00:26:39.152Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "name": "RHSA-2020:0729",
            "tags": [
              "vendor-advisory",
              "x_refsource_REDHAT",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0729"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_CONFIRM",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-14893"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-databind/issues/2469"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_CONFIRM",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200327-0006/"
          },
          {
            "name": "[bookkeeper-issues] 20200729 [GitHub] [bookkeeper] padma81 opened a new issue #2387: Security vulnerabilities in the apache/bookkeeper-4.9.2 image",
            "tags": [
              "mailing-list",
              "x_refsource_MLIST",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r1b103833cb5bc8466e24ff0ecc5e75b45a705334ab6a444e64e840a0%40%3Cissues.bookkeeper.apache.org%3E"
          },
          {
            "name": "[geode-issues] 20200831 [jira] [Created] (GEODE-8471) Dependency security issues in geode-core-1.12",
            "tags": [
              "mailing-list",
              "x_refsource_MLIST",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rf1bbc0ea4a9f014cf94df9a12a6477d24a27f52741dbc87f2fd52ff2%40%3Cissues.geode.apache.org%3E"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "jackson-databind",
          "vendor": "Red Hat",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.9.10"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.10.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A flaw was discovered in FasterXML jackson-databind in all versions before 2.9.10 and 2.10.0, where it would permit polymorphic deserialization of malicious objects using the xalan JNDI gadget when used in conjunction with polymorphic type handling methods such as `enableDefaultTyping()` or when @JsonTypeInfo is using `Id.CLASS` or `Id.MINIMAL_CLASS` or in any other way which ObjectMapper.readValue might instantiate objects from unsafe sources. An attacker could use this flaw to execute arbitrary code."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-502",
              "description": "CWE-502",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-200",
              "description": "CWE-200",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2020-10-20T21:14:57",
        "orgId": "53f830b8-0a3f-465b-8143-3b8a9948e749",
        "shortName": "redhat"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "RHSA-2020:0729",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "x_refsource_REDHAT"
          ],
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0729"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-14893"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-databind/issues/2469"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200327-0006/"
        },
        {
          "name": "[bookkeeper-issues] 20200729 [GitHub] [bookkeeper] padma81 opened a new issue #2387: Security vulnerabilities in the apache/bookkeeper-4.9.2 image",
          "tags": [
            "mailing-list",
            "x_refsource_MLIST"
          ],
          "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r1b103833cb5bc8466e24ff0ecc5e75b45a705334ab6a444e64e840a0%40%3Cissues.bookkeeper.apache.org%3E"
        },
        {
          "name": "[geode-issues] 20200831 [jira] [Created] (GEODE-8471) Dependency security issues in geode-core-1.12",
          "tags": [
            "mailing-list",
            "x_refsource_MLIST"
          ],
          "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rf1bbc0ea4a9f014cf94df9a12a6477d24a27f52741dbc87f2fd52ff2%40%3Cissues.geode.apache.org%3E"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html"
        }
      ],
      "x_legacyV4Record": {
        "CVE_data_meta": {
          "ASSIGNER": "secalert@redhat.com",
          "ID": "CVE-2019-14893",
          "STATE": "PUBLIC"
        },
        "affects": {
          "vendor": {
            "vendor_data": [
              {
                "product": {
                  "product_data": [
                    {
                      "product_name": "jackson-databind",
                      "version": {
                        "version_data": [
                          {
                            "version_value": "2.9.10"
                          },
                          {
                            "version_value": "2.10.0"
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    }
                  ]
                },
                "vendor_name": "Red Hat"
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "data_format": "MITRE",
        "data_type": "CVE",
        "data_version": "4.0",
        "description": {
          "description_data": [
            {
              "lang": "eng",
              "value": "A flaw was discovered in FasterXML jackson-databind in all versions before 2.9.10 and 2.10.0, where it would permit polymorphic deserialization of malicious objects using the xalan JNDI gadget when used in conjunction with polymorphic type handling methods such as `enableDefaultTyping()` or when @JsonTypeInfo is using `Id.CLASS` or `Id.MINIMAL_CLASS` or in any other way which ObjectMapper.readValue might instantiate objects from unsafe sources. An attacker could use this flaw to execute arbitrary code."
            }
          ]
        },
        "impact": {
          "cvss": [
            [
              {
                "vectorString": "7.5/CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
                "version": "3.0"
              }
            ]
          ]
        },
        "problemtype": {
          "problemtype_data": [
            {
              "description": [
                {
                  "lang": "eng",
                  "value": "CWE-502"
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "description": [
                {
                  "lang": "eng",
                  "value": "CWE-200"
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        },
        "references": {
          "reference_data": [
            {
              "name": "RHSA-2020:0729",
              "refsource": "REDHAT",
              "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0729"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-14893",
              "refsource": "CONFIRM",
              "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-14893"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-databind/issues/2469",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "url": "https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-databind/issues/2469"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200327-0006/",
              "refsource": "CONFIRM",
              "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200327-0006/"
            },
            {
              "name": "[bookkeeper-issues] 20200729 [GitHub] [bookkeeper] padma81 opened a new issue #2387: Security vulnerabilities in the apache/bookkeeper-4.9.2 image",
              "refsource": "MLIST",
              "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r1b103833cb5bc8466e24ff0ecc5e75b45a705334ab6a444e64e840a0@%3Cissues.bookkeeper.apache.org%3E"
            },
            {
              "name": "[geode-issues] 20200831 [jira] [Created] (GEODE-8471) Dependency security issues in geode-core-1.12",
              "refsource": "MLIST",
              "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rf1bbc0ea4a9f014cf94df9a12a6477d24a27f52741dbc87f2fd52ff2@%3Cissues.geode.apache.org%3E"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html"
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "53f830b8-0a3f-465b-8143-3b8a9948e749",
    "assignerShortName": "redhat",
    "cveId": "CVE-2019-14893",
    "datePublished": "2020-03-02T20:11:32",
    "dateReserved": "2019-08-10T00:00:00",
    "dateUpdated": "2024-08-05T00:26:39.152Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2019-14893\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"secalert@redhat.com\",\"published\":\"2020-03-02T21:15:17.520\",\"lastModified\":\"2024-11-21T04:27:37.670\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"A flaw was discovered in FasterXML jackson-databind in all versions before 2.9.10 and 2.10.0, where it would permit polymorphic deserialization of malicious objects using the xalan JNDI gadget when used in conjunction with polymorphic type handling methods such as `enableDefaultTyping()` or when @JsonTypeInfo is using `Id.CLASS` or `Id.MINIMAL_CLASS` or in any other way which ObjectMapper.readValue might instantiate objects from unsafe sources. An attacker could use this flaw to execute arbitrary code.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"Se detect\u00f3 un fallo en FasterXML jackson-databind en todas las versiones anteriores a 2.9.10 y 2.10.0, donde permitir\u00eda la deserializaci\u00f3n polim\u00f3rfica de objetos maliciosos usando el gadget xalan JNDI cuando se utiliza en conjunto con m\u00e9todos de manejo de tipos polim\u00f3rficos como \\\"enableDefaultTyping()\\\" o cuando @JsonTypeInfo est\u00e1 usando \\\"Id.CLASS\\\" o \\\"Id.MINIMAL_CLASS\\\" o de cualquier otra manera en que ObjectMapper.readValue pueda crear instancias de objetos de fuentes no seguras. Un atacante podr\u00eda usar este fallo para ejecutar c\u00f3digo arbitrario.\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":9.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":5.9}],\"cvssMetricV30\":[{\"source\":\"secalert@redhat.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.0\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N\",\"baseScore\":7.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"NONE\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":3.6}],\"cvssMetricV2\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"2.0\",\"vectorString\":\"AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P\",\"baseScore\":7.5,\"accessVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"accessComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"authentication\":\"NONE\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"PARTIAL\",\"integrityImpact\":\"PARTIAL\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"PARTIAL\"},\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"exploitabilityScore\":10.0,\"impactScore\":6.4,\"acInsufInfo\":false,\"obtainAllPrivilege\":false,\"obtainUserPrivilege\":false,\"obtainOtherPrivilege\":false,\"userInteractionRequired\":false}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"secalert@redhat.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-200\"},{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-502\"}]},{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-502\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:fasterxml:jackson-databind:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"2.8.0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"2.8.11.5\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"BF323F3D-B2A4-41E7-94F9-5539C9B7025E\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:fasterxml:jackson-databind:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"2.9.0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"2.9.10\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"FE5543DD-3F9D-45EF-8034-E1EF9657955A\"}]}]},{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:netapp:oncommand_api_services:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"5EC98B22-FFAA-4B59-8E63-EBAA4336AD13\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:netapp:steelstore_cloud_integrated_storage:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"E94F7F59-1785-493F-91A7-5F5EA5E87E4D\"}]}]},{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:oracle:goldengate_stream_analytics:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"19.1.0.0.1\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"F4E7F2AA-B851-4D85-9895-2CDD6BE9FCB4\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0729\",\"source\":\"secalert@redhat.com\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-14893\",\"source\":\"secalert@redhat.com\",\"tags\":[\"Issue Tracking\",\"Patch\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-databind/issues/2469\",\"source\":\"secalert@redhat.com\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r1b103833cb5bc8466e24ff0ecc5e75b45a705334ab6a444e64e840a0%40%3Cissues.bookkeeper.apache.org%3E\",\"source\":\"secalert@redhat.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rf1bbc0ea4a9f014cf94df9a12a6477d24a27f52741dbc87f2fd52ff2%40%3Cissues.geode.apache.org%3E\",\"source\":\"secalert@redhat.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200327-0006/\",\"source\":\"secalert@redhat.com\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html\",\"source\":\"secalert@redhat.com\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html\",\"source\":\"secalert@redhat.com\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0729\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-14893\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Issue Tracking\",\"Patch\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-databind/issues/2469\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r1b103833cb5bc8466e24ff0ecc5e75b45a705334ab6a444e64e840a0%40%3Cissues.bookkeeper.apache.org%3E\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"},{\"url\":\"https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rf1bbc0ea4a9f014cf94df9a12a6477d24a27f52741dbc87f2fd52ff2%40%3Cissues.geode.apache.org%3E\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"},{\"url\":\"https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200327-0006/\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]}]}}"
  }
}


Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Sightings

Author Source Type Date

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or seen somewhere by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability is confirmed from an analyst perspective.
  • Exploited: This vulnerability was exploited and seen by the user reporting the sighting.
  • Patched: This vulnerability was successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.
  • Not exploited: This vulnerability was not exploited or seen by the user reporting the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expresses doubt about the veracity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: This vulnerability was not successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.