{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-0451"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-26T21:18:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "All versions of Econolite EOS traffic control software are vulnerable to CWE-284: Improper Access Control, and lack a password requirement for gaining \u201cREADONLY\u201d access to log files, as well as certain database and configuration files. One such file contains tables with message-digest algorithm 5 (MD5) hashes and usernames for all defined users in the control software, including administrators and technicians.",
  "id": "GHSA-q8j4-3fxm-87xm",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T05:31:45Z",
  "published": "2023-07-06T19:24:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-0451"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-23-026-02"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "GSD": {
    "alias": "CVE-2023-0451",
    "id": "GSD-2023-0451"
  },
  "gsd": {
    "metadata": {
      "exploitCode": "unknown",
      "remediation": "unknown",
      "reportConfidence": "confirmed",
      "type": "vulnerability"
    },
    "osvSchema": {
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2023-0451"
      ],
      "details": "Econolite EOS versions prior to 3.2.23 lack a password\nrequirement for gaining \u201cREADONLY\u201d access to log files and certain database and\nconfiguration files. One such file contains tables with MD5 hashes and\nusernames for all defined users in the control software, including\nadministrators and technicians.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n",
      "id": "GSD-2023-0451",
      "modified": "2023-12-13T01:20:22.755007Z",
      "schema_version": "1.4.0"
    }
  },
  "namespaces": {
    "cve.org": {
      "CVE_data_meta": {
        "ASSIGNER": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov",
        "ID": "CVE-2023-0451",
        "STATE": "PUBLIC"
      },
      "affects": {
        "vendor": {
          "vendor_data": [
            {
              "product": {
                "product_data": [
                  {
                    "product_name": "EOS",
                    "version": {
                      "version_data": [
                        {
                          "version_affected": "\u003c",
                          "version_name": "0",
                          "version_value": "3.2.23"
                        }
                      ]
                    }
                  }
                ]
              },
              "vendor_name": "Econolite"
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Rustam Amin"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Rustam Amin"
        }
      ],
      "data_format": "MITRE",
      "data_type": "CVE",
      "data_version": "4.0",
      "description": {
        "description_data": [
          {
            "lang": "eng",
            "value": "Econolite EOS versions prior to 3.2.23 lack a password\nrequirement for gaining \u201cREADONLY\u201d access to log files and certain database and\nconfiguration files. One such file contains tables with MD5 hashes and\nusernames for all defined users in the control software, including\nadministrators and technicians.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n"
          }
        ]
      },
      "generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev"
      },
      "impact": {
        "cvss": [
          {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "problemtype": {
        "problemtype_data": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-284",
                "lang": "eng",
                "value": "CWE-284 Improper Access Control"
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      "references": {
        "reference_data": [
          {
            "name": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-23-026-02",
            "refsource": "MISC",
            "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-23-026-02"
          }
        ]
      },
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      }
    },
    "nvd.nist.gov": {
      "configurations": {
        "CVE_data_version": "4.0",
        "nodes": [
          {
            "children": [],
            "cpe_match": [
              {
                "cpe23Uri": "cpe:2.3:a:econolite:eos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                "cpe_name": [],
                "vulnerable": true
              }
            ],
            "operator": "OR"
          }
        ]
      },
      "cve": {
        "CVE_data_meta": {
          "ASSIGNER": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov",
          "ID": "CVE-2023-0451"
        },
        "data_format": "MITRE",
        "data_type": "CVE",
        "data_version": "4.0",
        "description": {
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              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Econolite EOS versions prior to 3.2.23 lack a password\nrequirement for gaining \u201cREADONLY\u201d access to log files and certain database and\nconfiguration files. One such file contains tables with MD5 hashes and\nusernames for all defined users in the control software, including\nadministrators and technicians.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n"
            }
          ]
        },
        "problemtype": {
          "problemtype_data": [
            {
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                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "CWE-284"
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        },
        "references": {
          "reference_data": [
            {
              "name": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-23-026-02",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "tags": [
                "Third Party Advisory",
                "US Government Resource"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-23-026-02"
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "impact": {
        "baseMetricV3": {
          "cvssV3": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
          "impactScore": 3.6
        }
      },
      "lastModifiedDate": "2023-06-20T16:15Z",
      "publishedDate": "2023-01-26T21:18Z"
    }
  }
}

{
  "document": {
    "acknowledgments": [
      {
        "organization": "Rustam Amin",
        "summary": "reporting these vulnerabilities to CISA"
      }
    ],
    "category": "csaf_security_advisory",
    "csaf_version": "2.0",
    "distribution": {
      "text": "Disclosure is not limited",
      "tlp": {
        "label": "WHITE",
        "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/tlp/"
      }
    },
    "lang": "en-US",
    "notes": [
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "This CSAF advisory was extracted from unstructured data and may contain inaccuracies. If you notice any errors, please reach out to the designated contact at CISA CSAF: central@cisa.dhs.gov",
        "title": "CISA Disclaimer"
      },
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "All information products included in https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics are provided \"as is\" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any information contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or service, referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this product is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header. For more information about TLP, see https://us-cert.cisa.gov/tlp/.",
        "title": "Legal Notice"
      },
      {
        "category": "summary",
        "text": "This updated advisory is a follow-up to the original advisory titled ICSA-23-026-02 Econolite EOS that was published January 26, 2023.",
        "title": "Update Summary"
      },
      {
        "category": "summary",
        "text": "Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could result in a remote unauthenticated attacker gaining full control over traffic lights.",
        "title": "Risk evaluation"
      },
      {
        "category": "other",
        "text": "Transportation",
        "title": "Critical infrastructure sectors"
      },
      {
        "category": "other",
        "text": "United States and Canada",
        "title": "Countries/areas deployed"
      },
      {
        "category": "other",
        "text": "United States",
        "title": "Company headquarters location"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the exploitation risk of this (these) vulnerability(ies), such as:",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Minimizing network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Locating control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "When remote access is required, using more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets. Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      }
    ],
    "publisher": {
      "category": "coordinator",
      "contact_details": "Email: CISAservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov;\n Toll Free: 1-888-282-0870",
      "name": "CISA",
      "namespace": "https://www.cisa.gov/"
    },
    "references": [
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "ICS Advisory ICSA-23-026-02 JSON",
        "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cisagov/CSAF/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2023/icsa-23-026-02.json"
      },
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "ICSA Advisory ICSA-23-026-02 - Web Version",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-23-026-02"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/alerts/ICS-ALERT-10-301-01"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/resources-tools/resources/ics-recommended-practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/Cybersecurity_Best_Practices_for_Industrial_Control_Systems.pdf"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/sites/default/files/publications/emailscams0905.pdf"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/tips/ST04-014"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/topics/industrial-control-systems"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/tips/ICS-TIP-12-146-01B"
      }
    ],
    "title": "Econolite EOS (Update A)",
    "tracking": {
      "current_release_date": "2023-06-22T06:00:00.000000Z",
      "generator": {
        "engine": {
          "name": "CISA CSAF Generator",
          "version": "1.0.0"
        }
      },
      "id": "ICSA-23-026-02",
      "initial_release_date": "2023-01-26T07:00:00.000000Z",
      "revision_history": [
        {
          "date": "2023-01-26T07:00:00.000000Z",
          "legacy_version": "Initial",
          "number": "1",
          "summary": "Initial Publication"
        },
        {
          "date": "2023-06-22T06:00:00.000000Z",
          "legacy_version": "Update A",
          "number": "2",
          "summary": "Update A - Added patch 3.2.23 information"
        }
      ],
      "status": "final",
      "version": "2"
    }
  },
  "product_tree": {
    "branches": [
      {
        "branches": [
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "\u003c 3.2.23",
                "product": {
                  "name": "EOS: \u003c 3.2.23",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0001"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "EOS"
          }
        ],
        "category": "vendor",
        "name": "Econolite"
      }
    ]
  },
  "vulnerabilities": [
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2023-0451",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-284",
        "name": "Improper Access Control"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "summary",
          "text": "Econolite EOS versions prior to 3.2.23 lack a password requirement for gaining \"READONLY\" access to log files and certain database and configuration files. One such file contains tables with MD5 hashes and usernames for all defined users in the control software, including administrators and technicians.",
          "title": "Vulnerability Summary"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-0001"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "web.nvd.nist.gov",
          "url": "http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2023-0451"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.first.org",
          "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1#CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"
        }
      ],
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "details": "Econolite recommends users update their affected products to the latest version. Customers are strongly encouraged to download the latest software updates through https://www.econolite.com/support.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.econolite.com/support"
        },
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "details": "Customers may also contact Econolite by sending an email to support@econolite.com or calling the Support line at (800) 225-6480 or reaching out to their local Account Manager or Distributor.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001"
          ],
          "url": "mailto:support@econolite.com"
        },
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "details": "Econolite also recommends that customers follow best practices for network security and access control for all safety-critical equipment and minimize exposure by restricting access to equipment on the open public internet.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-0001"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2023-0452",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-328",
        "name": "Use of Weak Hash"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "summary",
          "text": "Econolite EOS versions prior to 3.2.23 use a weak hash algorithm for encrypting privileged user credentials. A configuration file that is accessible without authentication uses MD5 hashes for encrypting credentials, including those of administrators and technicians.",
          "title": "Vulnerability Summary"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-0001"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "web.nvd.nist.gov",
          "url": "http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2023-0452"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.first.org",
          "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1#CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
        }
      ],
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "details": "Econolite recommends users update their affected products to the latest version. Customers are strongly encouraged to download the latest software updates through https://www.econolite.com/support.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.econolite.com/support"
        },
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "details": "Customers may also contact Econolite by sending an email to support@econolite.com or calling the Support line at (800) 225-6480 or reaching out to their local Account Manager or Distributor.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001"
          ],
          "url": "mailto:support@econolite.com"
        },
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "details": "Econolite also recommends that customers follow best practices for network security and access control for all safety-critical equipment and minimize exposure by restricting access to equipment on the open public internet.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "baseScore": 9.8,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-0001"
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}