CVE-2025-21759 (GCVE-0-2025-21759)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-27 02:18 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ipv6: mcast: extend RCU protection in igmp6_send()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ipv6: mcast: extend RCU protection in igmp6_send()
igmp6_send() can be called without RTNL or RCU being held.
Extend RCU protection so that we can safely fetch the net pointer
and avoid a potential UAF.
Note that we no longer can use sock_alloc_send_skb() because
ipv6.igmp_sk uses GFP_KERNEL allocations which can sleep.
Instead use alloc_skb() and charge the net->ipv6.igmp_sk
socket under RCU protection.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-27 17:57 UTC
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
b8ad0cbc58f703972e9e37c4e2a8081dd7e6a551 , < 81b25a07ebf53f9ef4ca8f3d96a8ddb94561dd5a
(git)
Affected: b8ad0cbc58f703972e9e37c4e2a8081dd7e6a551 , < 0bf8e2f3768629d437a32cb824149e6e98254381 (git) Affected: b8ad0cbc58f703972e9e37c4e2a8081dd7e6a551 , < 8e92d6a413feaf968a33f0b439ecf27404407458 (git) Affected: b8ad0cbc58f703972e9e37c4e2a8081dd7e6a551 , < 087c1faa594fa07a66933d750c0b2610aa1a2946 (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
2.6.26
Unaffected: 0 , < 2.6.26 (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.79 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.16 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.13.4 , ≤ 6.13.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.14 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
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"containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 7.8, \"attackVector\": \"LOCAL\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"LOW\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}}, {\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-21759\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2025-02-27T17:57:46.460072Z\"}}}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-416\", \"description\": \"CWE-416 Use After Free\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-02-27T17:57:47.940Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"ipv6: mcast: extend RCU protection in igmp6_send()\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 7.8, \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\"}, \"scenarios\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"AV:L - Although igmp6_send() can be scheduled by adjacent MLD Query packets, the freeing side of the race requires network-namespace dismantle or a netdev netns move, which is driven by local syscalls (unshare/setns, RTM_NEWLINK with IFLA_NET_NS_FD, process exit). A local unprivileged user controls both sides of the race entirely, making local access the reliable exploitation vector.\\nAC:L - The attacker drives both halves: they schedule igmp6_send() at will (multicast join/leave, link up/down, or timed MLD reports) and trigger the free by destroying their own netns or moving the device out of it, and can retry the race indefinitely while heap-grooming the freed struct net/struct sock.\\nPR:L - Only an unprivileged local account is needed \\u2014 the CAP_NET_ADMIN checks on the netns-move path are ns_capable() against the target netns user_ns, which is satisfied inside a user namespace created with unshare -Urn, and IPv6 multicast joins require no privilege at all.\\nUI:N - The entire sequence \\u2014 namespace setup, multicast group joins, and namespace teardown \\u2014 is performed by the attacker\u0027s own processes with no action from any other user.\\nS:U - The corrupted objects (struct net, struct sock) and the resulting code execution are all within the kernel\u0027s own security authority; no hypervisor, IOMMU, or other security boundary is crossed.\\nC:H - The use-after-free reads sk-\u003esk_sndbuf, sk-\u003esk_allocation, sk-\u003esk_socket, net-\u003emib pointers and net-\u003enf.hooks_ipv6[] from freed-and-reallocated memory, giving an attacker who sprays the freed slab a controllable pointer-dereference primitive that can be turned into arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\\nI:H - skb_set_owner_w() performs refcount_add() into the freed socket and NF_HOOK() calls a function pointer fetched from the freed struct net\u0027s netfilter hook array, yielding both a write primitive and control-flow hijack suitable for full privilege escalation.\\nA:H - Dereferencing a freed struct net and its igmp_sk reliably produces a kernel oops/panic (slab-use-after-free, invalid pointer dereference in the netfilter or socket accounting path), and the race can be repeated to crash the machine.\"}]}], \"affected\": [{\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"b8ad0cbc58f703972e9e37c4e2a8081dd7e6a551\", \"lessThan\": \"81b25a07ebf53f9ef4ca8f3d96a8ddb94561dd5a\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"b8ad0cbc58f703972e9e37c4e2a8081dd7e6a551\", \"lessThan\": \"0bf8e2f3768629d437a32cb824149e6e98254381\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"b8ad0cbc58f703972e9e37c4e2a8081dd7e6a551\", \"lessThan\": \"8e92d6a413feaf968a33f0b439ecf27404407458\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"b8ad0cbc58f703972e9e37c4e2a8081dd7e6a551\", \"lessThan\": \"087c1faa594fa07a66933d750c0b2610aa1a2946\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"net/ipv6/mcast.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}, {\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"2.6.26\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"lessThan\": \"2.6.26\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.6.79\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.6.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.12.16\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.12.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.13.4\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.13.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.14\", \"versionType\": \"original_commit_for_fix\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"net/ipv6/mcast.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/81b25a07ebf53f9ef4ca8f3d96a8ddb94561dd5a\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0bf8e2f3768629d437a32cb824149e6e98254381\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8e92d6a413feaf968a33f0b439ecf27404407458\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/087c1faa594fa07a66933d750c0b2610aa1a2946\"}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"bippy-1.2.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nipv6: mcast: extend RCU protection in igmp6_send()\\n\\nigmp6_send() can be called without RTNL or RCU being held.\\n\\nExtend RCU protection so that we can safely fetch the net pointer\\nand avoid a potential UAF.\\n\\nNote that we no longer can use sock_alloc_send_skb() because\\nipv6.igmp_sk uses GFP_KERNEL allocations which can sleep.\\n\\nInstead use alloc_skb() and charge the net-\u003eipv6.igmp_sk\\nsocket under RCU protection.\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.6.79\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.26\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.12.16\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.26\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.13.4\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.26\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.14\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.26\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T11:54:12.048Z\"}}}",
"cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-21759\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T11:54:12.048Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2024-12-29T08:45:45.761Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-02-27T02:18:12.994Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Linux\"}",
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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