CVE-2025-37752 (GCVE-0-2025-37752)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-01 12:55 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:57
VLAI
Title
net_sched: sch_sfq: move the limit validation
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net_sched: sch_sfq: move the limit validation It is not sufficient to directly validate the limit on the data that the user passes as it can be updated based on how the other parameters are changed. Move the check at the end of the configuration update process to also catch scenarios where the limit is indirectly updated, for example with the following configurations: tc qdisc add dev dummy0 handle 1: root sfq limit 2 flows 1 depth 1 tc qdisc add dev dummy0 handle 1: root sfq limit 2 flows 1 divisor 1 This fixes the following syzkaller reported crash: ------------[ cut here ]------------ UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in net/sched/sch_sfq.c:203:6 index 65535 is out of range for type 'struct sfq_head[128]' CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 3037 Comm: syz.2.16 Not tainted 6.14.0-rc2-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 12/27/2024 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x201/0x300 lib/dump_stack.c:120 ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:231 [inline] __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0xf5/0x120 lib/ubsan.c:429 sfq_link net/sched/sch_sfq.c:203 [inline] sfq_dec+0x53c/0x610 net/sched/sch_sfq.c:231 sfq_dequeue+0x34e/0x8c0 net/sched/sch_sfq.c:493 sfq_reset+0x17/0x60 net/sched/sch_sfq.c:518 qdisc_reset+0x12e/0x600 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1035 tbf_reset+0x41/0x110 net/sched/sch_tbf.c:339 qdisc_reset+0x12e/0x600 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1035 dev_reset_queue+0x100/0x1b0 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1311 netdev_for_each_tx_queue include/linux/netdevice.h:2590 [inline] dev_deactivate_many+0x7e5/0xe70 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1375
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: e12f6013d0a69660e8b99bfe381b9546ae667328 , < 8fadc871a42933aacb7f1ce9ed9a96485e2c9cf4 (git)
Affected: 1e6d9d87626cf89eeffb4d943db12cb5b10bf961 , < 7d62ded97db6b7c94c891f704151f372b1ba4688 (git)
Affected: 1b562b7f9231432da40d12e19786c1bd7df653a7 , < 6c589aa318023690f1606c666a7fb5f4c1c9c219 (git)
Affected: 35d0137305ae2f97260a9047f445bd4434bd6cc7 , < 1348214fa042a71406964097e743c87a42c85a49 (git)
Affected: 833e9a1c27b82024db7ff5038a51651f48f05e5e , < d2718324f9e329b10ddc091fba5a0ba2b9d4d96a (git)
Affected: 7d8947f2153ee9c5ab4cb17861a11cc45f30e8c4 , < f86293adce0c201cfabb283ef9d6f21292089bb8 (git)
Affected: 7fefc294204f10a3405f175f4ac2be16d63f135e , < 5e5e1fcc1b8ed57f902c424c5d9b328a3a19073d (git)
Affected: 10685681bafce6febb39770f3387621bf5d67d0b , < b36a68192037d1614317a09b0d78c7814e2eecf9 (git)
Affected: 10685681bafce6febb39770f3387621bf5d67d0b , < b3bf8f63e6179076b57c9de660c9f80b5abefe70 (git)
Affected: 6.1.129 , < 6.1.135 (semver)
Affected: 6.6.76 , < 6.6.88 (semver)
Affected: 6.12.13 , < 6.12.24 (semver)
Affected: 6.13.2 , < 6.13.12 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 6.14
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.14 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.135 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.88 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.24 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.13.12 , ≤ 6.13.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.14.3 , ≤ 6.14.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.15 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
Create a notification for this product.
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet_sched: sch_sfq: move the limit validation\n\nIt is not sufficient to directly validate the limit on the data that\nthe user passes as it can be updated based on how the other parameters\nare changed.\n\nMove the check at the end of the configuration update process to also\ncatch scenarios where the limit is indirectly updated, for example\nwith the following configurations:\n\ntc qdisc add dev dummy0 handle 1: root sfq limit 2 flows 1 depth 1\ntc qdisc add dev dummy0 handle 1: root sfq limit 2 flows 1 divisor 1\n\nThis fixes the following syzkaller reported crash:\n\n------------[ cut here ]------------\nUBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in net/sched/sch_sfq.c:203:6\nindex 65535 is out of range for type \u0027struct sfq_head[128]\u0027\nCPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 3037 Comm: syz.2.16 Not tainted 6.14.0-rc2-syzkaller #0\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 12/27/2024\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]\n dump_stack_lvl+0x201/0x300 lib/dump_stack.c:120\n ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:231 [inline]\n __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0xf5/0x120 lib/ubsan.c:429\n sfq_link net/sched/sch_sfq.c:203 [inline]\n sfq_dec+0x53c/0x610 net/sched/sch_sfq.c:231\n sfq_dequeue+0x34e/0x8c0 net/sched/sch_sfq.c:493\n sfq_reset+0x17/0x60 net/sched/sch_sfq.c:518\n qdisc_reset+0x12e/0x600 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1035\n tbf_reset+0x41/0x110 net/sched/sch_tbf.c:339\n qdisc_reset+0x12e/0x600 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1035\n dev_reset_queue+0x100/0x1b0 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1311\n netdev_for_each_tx_queue include/linux/netdevice.h:2590 [inline]\n dev_deactivate_many+0x7e5/0xe70 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1375"
        }
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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached only by configuring an SFQ qdisc through RTM_NEWQDISC netlink messages plus locally generated traffic; per kernel scoring guidance tc/netlink qdisc configuration is a local attack surface with no remote or adjacent reachability.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls every precondition \u2014 the TBF-over-SFQ hierarchy, the `limit 2 flows 1 depth 1` parameters that collapse the effective limit to 1, and the packet injection that drives the qlen underflow \u2014 and the upstream commit ships a deterministic shell reproducer with no race or memory-layout dependency.\nPR:L - Qdisc configuration requires CAP_NET_ADMIN only over the target network namespace (`netlink_net_capable()` in net/core/rtnetlink.c), which any unprivileged user obtains with `unshare -Urn`, and the loopback device inside that namespace is sufficient to drive the traffic.\nUI:N - The attacker performs the qdisc setup and packet transmission entirely on its own; no victim action, mount, or interaction is required.\nS:U - The corruption occurs in kernel heap memory within the same security authority as the attacker\u0027s escalation target, with no crossing of a VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary.\nC:H - `n = q-\u003edep[65535].next` reads a u16 from roughly 256 KB beyond the ~1.4 KB kzalloc\u0027d qdisc object, and the resulting out-of-bounds heap corruption is of the class that can be leveraged into an arbitrary-read primitive against adjacent kernel objects.\nI:H - Two out-of-bounds writes occur \u2014 `q-\u003edep[65535].next = x` at a fixed +262140-byte offset and `sfq_dep_head(q, n)-\u003eprev = x` at an offset derived from groomable heap contents \u2014 giving an attacker-influenced write of an attacker-chosen u16 into unrelated slab memory, an exploitable control-flow corruption primitive.\nA:H - The access is an array-index-out-of-bounds flagged by UBSAN (panicking on panic_on_warn kernels) and, absent instrumentation, silently corrupts unrelated kernel memory or touches unmapped addresses, causing oops or panic; the sequence can be repeated at will."
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    "cveId": "CVE-2025-37752",
    "datePublished": "2025-05-01T12:55:57.280Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:23.937Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:57:17.026Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-37752",
      "date": "2026-08-06",
      "epss": "0.00252",
      "percentile": "0.1659"
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    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-37752\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2025-05-01T13:15:53.933\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-07-30T06:22:19.057\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nnet_sched: sch_sfq: move the limit validation\\n\\nIt is not sufficient to directly validate the limit on the data that\\nthe user passes as it can be updated based on how the other parameters\\nare changed.\\n\\nMove the check at the end of the configuration update process to also\\ncatch scenarios where the limit is indirectly updated, for example\\nwith the following configurations:\\n\\ntc qdisc add dev dummy0 handle 1: root sfq limit 2 flows 1 depth 1\\ntc qdisc add dev dummy0 handle 1: root sfq limit 2 flows 1 divisor 1\\n\\nThis fixes the following syzkaller reported crash:\\n\\n------------[ cut here ]------------\\nUBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in net/sched/sch_sfq.c:203:6\\nindex 65535 is out of range for type \u0027struct sfq_head[128]\u0027\\nCPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 3037 Comm: syz.2.16 Not tainted 6.14.0-rc2-syzkaller #0\\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 12/27/2024\\nCall Trace:\\n \u003cTASK\u003e\\n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]\\n dump_stack_lvl+0x201/0x300 lib/dump_stack.c:120\\n ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:231 [inline]\\n __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0xf5/0x120 lib/ubsan.c:429\\n sfq_link net/sched/sch_sfq.c:203 [inline]\\n sfq_dec+0x53c/0x610 net/sched/sch_sfq.c:231\\n sfq_dequeue+0x34e/0x8c0 net/sched/sch_sfq.c:493\\n sfq_reset+0x17/0x60 net/sched/sch_sfq.c:518\\n qdisc_reset+0x12e/0x600 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1035\\n tbf_reset+0x41/0x110 net/sched/sch_tbf.c:339\\n qdisc_reset+0x12e/0x600 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1035\\n dev_reset_queue+0x100/0x1b0 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1311\\n netdev_for_each_tx_queue include/linux/netdevice.h:2590 [inline]\\n dev_deactivate_many+0x7e5/0xe70 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1375\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: net_sched: sch_sfq: mover la validaci\u00f3n del l\u00edmite No es suficiente validar directamente el l\u00edmite en los datos que pasa el usuario, ya que se puede actualizar en funci\u00f3n de c\u00f3mo se modifiquen los dem\u00e1s par\u00e1metros. Mueva la comprobaci\u00f3n al final del proceso de actualizaci\u00f3n de configuraci\u00f3n para que tambi\u00e9n detecte los escenarios en los que el l\u00edmite se actualiza indirectamente, por ejemplo, con las siguientes configuraciones: tc qdisc add dev dummy0 handle 1: root sfq limit 2 flows 1 Depth 1 tc qdisc add dev dummy0 handle 1: root sfq limit 2 flows 1 divisor 1 Esto corrige el siguiente fallo informado por syzkaller: ------------[ cortar aqu\u00ed ]------------ UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds en net/sched/sch_sfq.c:203:6 el \u00edndice 65535 est\u00e1 fuera de rango para el tipo \u0027struct sfq_head[128]\u0027 CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 3037 Comm: syz.2.16 No contaminado 6.14.0-rc2-syzkaller #0 Nombre del hardware: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 27/12/2024 Seguimiento de llamadas:  __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [en l\u00ednea] dump_stack_lvl+0x201/0x300 lib/dump_stack.c:120 ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:231 [en l\u00ednea] __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0xf5/0x120 lib/ubsan.c:429 sfq_link net/sched/sch_sfq.c:203 [en l\u00ednea] sfq_dec+0x53c/0x610 net/sched/sch_sfq.c:231 sfq_dequeue+0x34e/0x8c0 net/sched/sch_sfq.c:493 sfq_reset+0x17/0x60 net/sched/sch_sfq.c:518 qdisc_reset+0x12e/0x600 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1035 tbf_reset+0x41/0x110 net/sched/sch_tbf.c:339 qdisc_reset+0x12e/0x600 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1035 dev_reset_queue+0x100/0x1b0 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1311 netdev_for_each_tx_queue include/linux/netdevice.h:2590 [en l\u00ednea] dev_deactivate_many+0x7e5/0xe70 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1375\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/sched/sch_sfq.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"e12f6013d0a69660e8b99bfe381b9546ae667328\",\"lessThan\":\"8fadc871a42933aacb7f1ce9ed9a96485e2c9cf4\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1e6d9d87626cf89eeffb4d943db12cb5b10bf961\",\"lessThan\":\"7d62ded97db6b7c94c891f704151f372b1ba4688\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1b562b7f9231432da40d12e19786c1bd7df653a7\",\"lessThan\":\"6c589aa318023690f1606c666a7fb5f4c1c9c219\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"35d0137305ae2f97260a9047f445bd4434bd6cc7\",\"lessThan\":\"1348214fa042a71406964097e743c87a42c85a49\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"833e9a1c27b82024db7ff5038a51651f48f05e5e\",\"lessThan\":\"d2718324f9e329b10ddc091fba5a0ba2b9d4d96a\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"7d8947f2153ee9c5ab4cb17861a11cc45f30e8c4\",\"lessThan\":\"f86293adce0c201cfabb283ef9d6f21292089bb8\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"7fefc294204f10a3405f175f4ac2be16d63f135e\",\"lessThan\":\"5e5e1fcc1b8ed57f902c424c5d9b328a3a19073d\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"10685681bafce6febb39770f3387621bf5d67d0b\",\"lessThan\":\"b36a68192037d1614317a09b0d78c7814e2eecf9\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"10685681bafce6febb39770f3387621bf5d67d0b\",\"lessThan\":\"b3bf8f63e6179076b57c9de660c9f80b5abefe70\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.129\",\"lessThan\":\"6.1.135\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.76\",\"lessThan\":\"6.6.88\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.13\",\"lessThan\":\"6.12.24\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"6.13.2\",\"lessThan\":\"6.13.12\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/sched/sch_sfq.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"6.14\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"6.14\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.135\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.88\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.24\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.13.12\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.13.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.14.3\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.14.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.15\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.9},{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-129\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.1.129\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.1.135\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D8EC195E-0047-4AD9-9275-5F224C59F30B\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.6.76\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.6.88\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"BAB7F090-9883-4E33-9B79-6AD4EBFBE8DE\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versi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    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-30T09:36:40+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-37752",
      "id": "CVE-2025-37752",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-05-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "42",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "232",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: net_sched: sch_sfq: move the limit validation",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-37752.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-15T06:18:56Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-37752",
      "id": "CVE-2025-37752",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-05-02T02:02:59Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "483",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "72",
      "product_status:recommended": "756",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-37752",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-37752.json",
      "version": "62"
    }
  }
}



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Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.