CVE-2025-38124 (GCVE-0-2025-38124)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-03 08:35 – Updated: 2026-05-12 12:04
VLAI?
Title
net: fix udp gso skb_segment after pull from frag_list
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: fix udp gso skb_segment after pull from frag_list Commit a1e40ac5b5e9 ("net: gso: fix udp gso fraglist segmentation after pull from frag_list") detected invalid geometry in frag_list skbs and redirects them from skb_segment_list to more robust skb_segment. But some packets with modified geometry can also hit bugs in that code. We don't know how many such cases exist. Addressing each one by one also requires touching the complex skb_segment code, which risks introducing bugs for other types of skbs. Instead, linearize all these packets that fail the basic invariants on gso fraglist skbs. That is more robust. If only part of the fraglist payload is pulled into head_skb, it will always cause exception when splitting skbs by skb_segment. For detailed call stack information, see below. Valid SKB_GSO_FRAGLIST skbs - consist of two or more segments - the head_skb holds the protocol headers plus first gso_size - one or more frag_list skbs hold exactly one segment - all but the last must be gso_size Optional datapath hooks such as NAT and BPF (bpf_skb_pull_data) can modify fraglist skbs, breaking these invariants. In extreme cases they pull one part of data into skb linear. For UDP, this causes three payloads with lengths of (11,11,10) bytes were pulled tail to become (12,10,10) bytes. The skbs no longer meets the above SKB_GSO_FRAGLIST conditions because payload was pulled into head_skb, it needs to be linearized before pass to regular skb_segment. skb_segment+0xcd0/0xd14 __udp_gso_segment+0x334/0x5f4 udp4_ufo_fragment+0x118/0x15c inet_gso_segment+0x164/0x338 skb_mac_gso_segment+0xc4/0x13c __skb_gso_segment+0xc4/0x124 validate_xmit_skb+0x9c/0x2c0 validate_xmit_skb_list+0x4c/0x80 sch_direct_xmit+0x70/0x404 __dev_queue_xmit+0x64c/0xe5c neigh_resolve_output+0x178/0x1c4 ip_finish_output2+0x37c/0x47c __ip_finish_output+0x194/0x240 ip_finish_output+0x20/0xf4 ip_output+0x100/0x1a0 NF_HOOK+0xc4/0x16c ip_forward+0x314/0x32c ip_rcv+0x90/0x118 __netif_receive_skb+0x74/0x124 process_backlog+0xe8/0x1a4 __napi_poll+0x5c/0x1f8 net_rx_action+0x154/0x314 handle_softirqs+0x154/0x4b8 [118.376811] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:bug&]kernel BUG at net/core/skbuff.c:4278! [118.376829] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:traps&]Internal error: Oops - BUG: 00000000f2000800 [#1] PREEMPT SMP [118.470774] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump&]Kernel Offset: 0x178cc00000 from 0xffffffc008000000 [118.470810] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump&]PHYS_OFFSET: 0x40000000 [118.470827] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump&]pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO) [118.470848] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump&]pc : [0xffffffd79598aefc] skb_segment+0xcd0/0xd14 [118.470900] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump&]lr : [0xffffffd79598a5e8] skb_segment+0x3bc/0xd14 [118.470928] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump&]sp : ffffffc008013770
Severity ?
No CVSS data available.
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: 080e6c9a3908de193a48f646c5ce1bfb15676ffc , < 0e65f38bd1aa14ea86e221b7bb814d38278d86c3 (git)
Affected: af3122f5fdc0d00581d6e598a668df6bf54c9daa , < 85eef1748c024da1a191aed56b30a3a65958c50c (git)
Affected: a1e40ac5b5e9077fe1f7ae0eb88034db0f9ae1ab , < 4399f59a9467a324ed46657555f0e1f209a14acb (git)
Affected: a1e40ac5b5e9077fe1f7ae0eb88034db0f9ae1ab , < a04302867094bdc6efac1b598370fc47cf3f2388 (git)
Affected: a1e40ac5b5e9077fe1f7ae0eb88034db0f9ae1ab , < 3382a1ed7f778db841063f5d7e317ac55f9e7f72 (git)
Affected: 33e28acf42ee863f332a958bfc2f1a284a3659df (git)
Affected: 3cd00d2e3655fad3bda96dc1ebf17b6495f86fea (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 6.12
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.12 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.142 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.94 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.34 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.15.3 , ≤ 6.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.16 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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That is more robust.\\n\\nIf only part of the fraglist payload is pulled into head_skb, it will\\nalways cause exception when splitting skbs by skb_segment. For detailed\\ncall stack information, see below.\\n\\nValid SKB_GSO_FRAGLIST skbs\\n- consist of two or more segments\\n- the head_skb holds the protocol headers plus first gso_size\\n- one or more frag_list skbs hold exactly one segment\\n- all but the last must be gso_size\\n\\nOptional datapath hooks such as NAT and BPF (bpf_skb_pull_data) can\\nmodify fraglist skbs, breaking these invariants.\\n\\nIn extreme cases they pull one part of data into skb linear. For UDP,\\nthis  causes three payloads with lengths of (11,11,10) bytes were\\npulled tail to become (12,10,10) bytes.\\n\\nThe skbs no longer meets the above SKB_GSO_FRAGLIST conditions because\\npayload was pulled into head_skb, it needs to be linearized before pass\\nto regular skb_segment.\\n\\n    skb_segment+0xcd0/0xd14\\n    __udp_gso_segment+0x334/0x5f4\\n    udp4_ufo_fragment+0x118/0x15c\\n    inet_gso_segment+0x164/0x338\\n    skb_mac_gso_segment+0xc4/0x13c\\n    __skb_gso_segment+0xc4/0x124\\n    validate_xmit_skb+0x9c/0x2c0\\n    validate_xmit_skb_list+0x4c/0x80\\n    sch_direct_xmit+0x70/0x404\\n    __dev_queue_xmit+0x64c/0xe5c\\n    neigh_resolve_output+0x178/0x1c4\\n    ip_finish_output2+0x37c/0x47c\\n    __ip_finish_output+0x194/0x240\\n    ip_finish_output+0x20/0xf4\\n    ip_output+0x100/0x1a0\\n    NF_HOOK+0xc4/0x16c\\n    ip_forward+0x314/0x32c\\n    ip_rcv+0x90/0x118\\n    __netif_receive_skb+0x74/0x124\\n    process_backlog+0xe8/0x1a4\\n    __napi_poll+0x5c/0x1f8\\n    net_rx_action+0x154/0x314\\n    handle_softirqs+0x154/0x4b8\\n\\n    [118.376811] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:bug\u0026]kernel BUG at net/core/skbuff.c:4278!\\n    [118.376829] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:traps\u0026]Internal error: Oops - BUG: 00000000f2000800 [#1] PREEMPT SMP\\n    [118.470774] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump\u0026]Kernel Offset: 0x178cc00000 from 0xffffffc008000000\\n    [118.470810] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump\u0026]PHYS_OFFSET: 0x40000000\\n    [118.470827] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump\u0026]pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO)\\n    [118.470848] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump\u0026]pc : [0xffffffd79598aefc] skb_segment+0xcd0/0xd14\\n    [118.470900] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump\u0026]lr : [0xffffffd79598a5e8] skb_segment+0x3bc/0xd14\\n    [118.470928] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump\u0026]sp : ffffffc008013770\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: net: fix udp gso skb_segment after pull from frag_list. El commit a1e40ac5b5e9 (\\\"net: gso: fix udp gso fraglist segmentation after pull from frag_list\\\") detect\u00f3 una geometr\u00eda no v\u00e1lida en los skbs de frag_list y los redirige de skb_segment_list a un skb_segment m\u00e1s robusto. Sin embargo, algunos paquetes con geometr\u00eda modificada tambi\u00e9n pueden presentar errores en ese c\u00f3digo. Desconocemos cu\u00e1ntos casos de este tipo existen. Abordar cada uno por separado tambi\u00e9n requiere modificar el complejo c\u00f3digo de skb_segment, lo que podr\u00eda introducir errores en otros tipos de skbs. En su lugar, se linealizan todos los paquetes que no cumplen con las invariantes b\u00e1sicas en los skbs de fraglist gso. Esto es m\u00e1s robusto. Si solo se extrae una parte de el payload de fraglist en head_skb, siempre se generar\u00e1 una excepci\u00f3n al dividir los skbs por skb_segment. Para obtener informaci\u00f3n detallada de la pila de llamadas, consulte a continuaci\u00f3n. SKB_GSO_FRAGLIST skbs v\u00e1lidos: constan de dos o m\u00e1s segmentos: head_skb contiene los encabezados de protocolo m\u00e1s el primer gso_size: uno o m\u00e1s frag_list skbs contienen exactamente un segmento; todos, excepto el \u00faltimo, deben ser gso_size Los ganchos de ruta de datos opcionales, como NAT y BPF (bpf_skb_pull_data), pueden modificar fraglist skbs, rompiendo estos invariantes. En casos extremos, extraen una parte de los datos en skb lineal. Para UDP, esto hace que se extraigan tres payloads con longitudes de (11,11,10) bytes para convertirse en (12,10,10) bytes. El skbs ya no cumple con las condiciones SKB_GSO_FRAGLIST anteriores porque el payload se extrajo en head_skb; debe linealizarse antes de pasarse a skb_segment regular. skb_segment+0xcd0/0xd14 __udp_gso_segment+0x334/0x5f4 udp4_ufo_fragment+0x118/0x15c inet_gso_segment+0x164/0x338 skb_mac_gso_segment+0xc4/0x13c __skb_gso_segment+0xc4/0x124 validate_xmit_skb+0x9c/0x2c0 validate_xmit_skb_list+0x4c/0x80 sch_direct_xmit+0x70/0x404 __dev_queue_xmit+0x64c/0xe5c neigh_resolve_output+0x178/0x1c4 ip_finish_output2+0x37c/0x47c __ip_finish_output+0x194/0x240 ip_finish_output+0x20/0xf4 ip_output+0x100/0x1a0 NF_HOOK+0xc4/0x16c ip_forward+0x314/0x32c ip_rcv+0x90/0x118 __netif_receive_skb+0x74/0x124 process_backlog+0xe8/0x1a4 __napi_poll+0x5c/0x1f8 net_rx_action+0x154/0x314 handle_softirqs+0x154/0x4b8 [118.376811] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:bug\u0026amp;]kernel BUG at net/core/skbuff.c:4278! [118.376829] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:traps\u0026amp;]Internal error: Oops - BUG: 00000000f2000800 [#1] PREEMPT SMP [118.470774] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump\u0026amp;]Kernel Offset: 0x178cc00000 from 0xffffffc008000000 [118.470810] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump\u0026amp;]PHYS_OFFSET: 0x40000000 [118.470827] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump\u0026amp;]pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO) [118.470848] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump\u0026amp;]pc : [0xffffffd79598aefc] skb_segment+0xcd0/0xd14 [118.470900] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump\u0026amp;]lr : [0xffffffd79598a5e8] skb_segment+0x3bc/0xd14 [118.470928] [C201134] rxq0_pus: [name:mrdump\u0026amp;]sp : ffffffc008013770 \"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":5.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":3.6}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-401\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.1.113\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.1.142\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"45DF3E98-DA6E-4BBB-9A3C-7A630EA99FCD\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.6.55\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.6.94\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D0FE411C-6493-4265-A48F-693FD3DC7FF9\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.10.14\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.11\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"41AB04F0-1096-4B39-8148-796AB65AA193\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.11.3\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.12\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"4A35CBEF-63DE-4F4A-B93A-17176B0F2D11\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.12.1\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.12.34\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"DF71AEF0-8490-48A8-9F0A-DA95A4D8F916\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.13\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.15.3\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"0541C761-BD5E-4C1A-8432-83B375D7EB92\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:-:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"0E698080-7669-4132-8817-4C674EEBCE54\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"925478D0-3E3D-4E6F-ACD5-09F28D5DF82C\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"3C95E234-D335-4B6C-96BF-E2CEBD8654ED\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"E0F717D8-3014-4F84-8086-0124B2111379\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"24DBE6C7-2AAE-4818-AED2-E131F153D2FA\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"24B88717-53F5-42AA-9B72-14C707639E3F\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.12:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"1EF8CD82-1EAE-4254-9545-F85AB94CF90F\"}]}]},{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"FA6FEEC2-9F11-4643-8827-749718254FED\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0e65f38bd1aa14ea86e221b7bb814d38278d86c3\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3382a1ed7f778db841063f5d7e317ac55f9e7f72\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4399f59a9467a324ed46657555f0e1f209a14acb\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/85eef1748c024da1a191aed56b30a3a65958c50c\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a04302867094bdc6efac1b598370fc47cf3f2388\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html\",\"source\":\"0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e\"}]}}"
  }
}


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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.