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CVE-2025-39749 (GCVE-0-2025-39749)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-11 16:52 – Updated: 2026-05-12 12:06
VLAI
Title
rcu: Protect ->defer_qs_iw_pending from data race
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rcu: Protect ->defer_qs_iw_pending from data race On kernels built with CONFIG_IRQ_WORK=y, when rcu_read_unlock() is invoked within an interrupts-disabled region of code [1], it will invoke rcu_read_unlock_special(), which uses an irq-work handler to force the system to notice when the RCU read-side critical section actually ends. That end won't happen until interrupts are enabled at the soonest. In some kernels, such as those booted with rcutree.use_softirq=y, the irq-work handler is used unconditionally. The per-CPU rcu_data structure's ->defer_qs_iw_pending field is updated by the irq-work handler and is both read and updated by rcu_read_unlock_special(). This resulted in the following KCSAN splat: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ BUG: KCSAN: data-race in rcu_preempt_deferred_qs_handler / rcu_read_unlock_special read to 0xffff96b95f42d8d8 of 1 bytes by task 90 on cpu 8: rcu_read_unlock_special+0x175/0x260 __rcu_read_unlock+0x92/0xa0 rt_spin_unlock+0x9b/0xc0 __local_bh_enable+0x10d/0x170 __local_bh_enable_ip+0xfb/0x150 rcu_do_batch+0x595/0xc40 rcu_cpu_kthread+0x4e9/0x830 smpboot_thread_fn+0x24d/0x3b0 kthread+0x3bd/0x410 ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 write to 0xffff96b95f42d8d8 of 1 bytes by task 88 on cpu 8: rcu_preempt_deferred_qs_handler+0x1e/0x30 irq_work_single+0xaf/0x160 run_irq_workd+0x91/0xc0 smpboot_thread_fn+0x24d/0x3b0 kthread+0x3bd/0x410 ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 no locks held by irq_work/8/88. irq event stamp: 200272 hardirqs last enabled at (200272): [<ffffffffb0f56121>] finish_task_switch+0x131/0x320 hardirqs last disabled at (200271): [<ffffffffb25c7859>] __schedule+0x129/0xd70 softirqs last enabled at (0): [<ffffffffb0ee093f>] copy_process+0x4df/0x1cc0 softirqs last disabled at (0): [<0000000000000000>] 0x0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The problem is that irq-work handlers run with interrupts enabled, which means that rcu_preempt_deferred_qs_handler() could be interrupted, and that interrupt handler might contain an RCU read-side critical section, which might invoke rcu_read_unlock_special(). In the strict KCSAN mode of operation used by RCU, this constitutes a data race on the ->defer_qs_iw_pending field. This commit therefore disables interrupts across the portion of the rcu_preempt_deferred_qs_handler() that updates the ->defer_qs_iw_pending field. This suffices because this handler is not a fast path.
Severity
7.0 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d , < 74f58f382a7c8333f8d09701aefaa25913bdbe0e (git)
Affected: 0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d , < f937759c7432d6151b73e1393b6517661813d506 (git)
Affected: 0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d , < 0ad84d62217488e679ecc90e8628980dcc003de3 (git)
Affected: 0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d , < b5de8d80b5d049f051b95d9b1ee50ae4ab656124 (git)
Affected: 0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d , < b55947b725f190396f475d5d0c59aa855a4d8895 (git)
Affected: 0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d , < e35e711c78c8a4c43330c0dcb1c4d507a19c20f4 (git)
Affected: 0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d , < 90de9c94ea72327cfa9c2c9f6113c23a513af60b (git)
Affected: 0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d , < 55e11f6776798b27cf09a7aa0d718415d4fc9cf5 (git)
Affected: 0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d , < 90c09d57caeca94e6f3f87c49e96a91edd40cbfd (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 5.3
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.3 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.4.297 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.241 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.190 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.149 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.103 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.43 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.15.11 , ≤ 6.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.16.2 , ≤ 6.16.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.17 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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Siemens SIMATIC CN 4100 Affected: 0 , < V5.0 (custom)
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nrcu: Protect -\u003edefer_qs_iw_pending from data race\n\nOn kernels built with CONFIG_IRQ_WORK=y, when rcu_read_unlock() is\ninvoked within an interrupts-disabled region of code [1], it will invoke\nrcu_read_unlock_special(), which uses an irq-work handler to force the\nsystem to notice when the RCU read-side critical section actually ends.\nThat end won\u0027t happen until interrupts are enabled at the soonest.\n\nIn some kernels, such as those booted with rcutree.use_softirq=y, the\nirq-work handler is used unconditionally.\n\nThe per-CPU rcu_data structure\u0027s -\u003edefer_qs_iw_pending field is\nupdated by the irq-work handler and is both read and updated by\nrcu_read_unlock_special().  This resulted in the following KCSAN splat:\n\n------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nBUG: KCSAN: data-race in rcu_preempt_deferred_qs_handler / rcu_read_unlock_special\n\nread to 0xffff96b95f42d8d8 of 1 bytes by task 90 on cpu 8:\n rcu_read_unlock_special+0x175/0x260\n __rcu_read_unlock+0x92/0xa0\n rt_spin_unlock+0x9b/0xc0\n __local_bh_enable+0x10d/0x170\n __local_bh_enable_ip+0xfb/0x150\n rcu_do_batch+0x595/0xc40\n rcu_cpu_kthread+0x4e9/0x830\n smpboot_thread_fn+0x24d/0x3b0\n kthread+0x3bd/0x410\n ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n\nwrite to 0xffff96b95f42d8d8 of 1 bytes by task 88 on cpu 8:\n rcu_preempt_deferred_qs_handler+0x1e/0x30\n irq_work_single+0xaf/0x160\n run_irq_workd+0x91/0xc0\n smpboot_thread_fn+0x24d/0x3b0\n kthread+0x3bd/0x410\n ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n\nno locks held by irq_work/8/88.\nirq event stamp: 200272\nhardirqs last  enabled at (200272): [\u003cffffffffb0f56121\u003e] finish_task_switch+0x131/0x320\nhardirqs last disabled at (200271): [\u003cffffffffb25c7859\u003e] __schedule+0x129/0xd70\nsoftirqs last  enabled at (0): [\u003cffffffffb0ee093f\u003e] copy_process+0x4df/0x1cc0\nsoftirqs last disabled at (0): [\u003c0000000000000000\u003e] 0x0\n\n------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nThe problem is that irq-work handlers run with interrupts enabled, which\nmeans that rcu_preempt_deferred_qs_handler() could be interrupted,\nand that interrupt handler might contain an RCU read-side critical\nsection, which might invoke rcu_read_unlock_special().  In the strict\nKCSAN mode of operation used by RCU, this constitutes a data race on\nthe -\u003edefer_qs_iw_pending field.\n\nThis commit therefore disables interrupts across the portion of the\nrcu_preempt_deferred_qs_handler() that updates the -\u003edefer_qs_iw_pending\nfield.  This suffices because this handler is not a fast path."
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This resulted in the following KCSAN splat:\\n\\n------------------------------------------------------------------------\\n\\nBUG: KCSAN: data-race in rcu_preempt_deferred_qs_handler / rcu_read_unlock_special\\n\\nread to 0xffff96b95f42d8d8 of 1 bytes by task 90 on cpu 8:\\n rcu_read_unlock_special+0x175/0x260\\n __rcu_read_unlock+0x92/0xa0\\n rt_spin_unlock+0x9b/0xc0\\n __local_bh_enable+0x10d/0x170\\n __local_bh_enable_ip+0xfb/0x150\\n rcu_do_batch+0x595/0xc40\\n rcu_cpu_kthread+0x4e9/0x830\\n smpboot_thread_fn+0x24d/0x3b0\\n kthread+0x3bd/0x410\\n ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40\\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\\n\\nwrite to 0xffff96b95f42d8d8 of 1 bytes by task 88 on cpu 8:\\n rcu_preempt_deferred_qs_handler+0x1e/0x30\\n irq_work_single+0xaf/0x160\\n run_irq_workd+0x91/0xc0\\n smpboot_thread_fn+0x24d/0x3b0\\n kthread+0x3bd/0x410\\n ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40\\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\\n\\nno locks held by irq_work/8/88.\\nirq event stamp: 200272\\nhardirqs last  enabled at (200272): [\u003cffffffffb0f56121\u003e] finish_task_switch+0x131/0x320\\nhardirqs last disabled at (200271): [\u003cffffffffb25c7859\u003e] __schedule+0x129/0xd70\\nsoftirqs last  enabled at (0): [\u003cffffffffb0ee093f\u003e] copy_process+0x4df/0x1cc0\\nsoftirqs last disabled at (0): [\u003c0000000000000000\u003e] 0x0\\n\\n------------------------------------------------------------------------\\n\\nThe problem is that irq-work handlers run with interrupts enabled, which\\nmeans that rcu_preempt_deferred_qs_handler() could be interrupted,\\nand that interrupt handler might contain an RCU read-side critical\\nsection, which might invoke rcu_read_unlock_special().  In the strict\\nKCSAN mode of operation used by RCU, this constitutes a data race on\\nthe -\u003edefer_qs_iw_pending field.\\n\\nThis commit therefore disables interrupts across the portion of the\\nrcu_preempt_deferred_qs_handler() that updates the -\u003edefer_qs_iw_pending\\nfield.  This suffices because this handler is not a fast path.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"kernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d\",\"lessThan\":\"74f58f382a7c8333f8d09701aefaa25913bdbe0e\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d\",\"lessThan\":\"f937759c7432d6151b73e1393b6517661813d506\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d\",\"lessThan\":\"0ad84d62217488e679ecc90e8628980dcc003de3\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d\",\"lessThan\":\"b5de8d80b5d049f051b95d9b1ee50ae4ab656124\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d\",\"lessThan\":\"b55947b725f190396f475d5d0c59aa855a4d8895\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d\",\"lessThan\":\"e35e711c78c8a4c43330c0dcb1c4d507a19c20f4\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d\",\"lessThan\":\"90de9c94ea72327cfa9c2c9f6113c23a513af60b\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d\",\"lessThan\":\"55e11f6776798b27cf09a7aa0d718415d4fc9cf5\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d\",\"lessThan\":\"90c09d57caeca94e6f3f87c49e96a91edd40cbfd\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"kernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"5.3\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"5.3\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.4.297\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.4.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.241\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.190\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.149\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.103\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.43\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.15.11\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.16.2\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.16.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.17\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]},{\"source\":\"0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Siemens\",\"product\":\"SIMATIC CN 4100\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unknown\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"V5.0\",\"versionType\":\"custom\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.0,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"HIGH\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.0,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"NVD-CWE-noinfo\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.3\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.4.297\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"538D3537-72E6-42E8-A0ED-F5274403F0C4\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.5\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.10.241\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D0D21C35-EB8A-488A-BBF9-403E4817E5DD\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.11\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.15.190\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"AD9E597F-3DDE-4D7E-976C-463D0611F13F\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.16\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.1.149\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"FDBE8280-8983-4D2D-943D-2E6D0104E2D8\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.2\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.6.103\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"F2293654-7169-49B5-8D0D-EE51EF8B8E48\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.7\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.12.43\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"472C5F87-2BF3-4FAB-9B21-DA7513977363\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.13\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.15.11\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"BC242347-F722-43AE-B910-BE0B22386977\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.16\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.16.2\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"BD7C087D-2415-4521-B624-30003352F899\"}]}]},{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"FA6FEEC2-9F11-4643-8827-749718254FED\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0ad84d62217488e679ecc90e8628980dcc003de3\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/55e11f6776798b27cf09a7aa0d718415d4fc9cf5\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/74f58f382a7c8333f8d09701aefaa25913bdbe0e\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/90c09d57caeca94e6f3f87c49e96a91edd40cbfd\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/90de9c94ea72327cfa9c2c9f6113c23a513af60b\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b55947b725f190396f475d5d0c59aa855a4d8895\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b5de8d80b5d049f051b95d9b1ee50ae4ab656124\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e35e711c78c8a4c43330c0dcb1c4d507a19c20f4\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f937759c7432d6151b73e1393b6517661813d506\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Mailing List\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Mailing List\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-032379.html\",\"source\":\"0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "None",
      "current_release_date": "2026-06-30T10:23:25+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-39749",
      "id": "CVE-2025-39749",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-09-11T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "274",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: rcu: Protect -\u003edefer_qs_iw_pending from data race",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-39749.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-29T01:17:05Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-39749",
      "id": "CVE-2025-39749",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-09-11T23:24:20Z",
      "product_status:first_fixed": "2",
      "product_status:known_affected": "594",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "187",
      "product_status:recommended": "464",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-39749",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-39749.json",
      "version": "43"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.