CVE-2025-39894 (GCVE-0-2025-39894)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-01 07:42 – Updated: 2026-05-23 16:00
VLAI
Title
netfilter: br_netfilter: do not check confirmed bit in br_nf_local_in() after confirm
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: br_netfilter: do not check confirmed bit in br_nf_local_in() after confirm When send a broadcast packet to a tap device, which was added to a bridge, br_nf_local_in() is called to confirm the conntrack. If another conntrack with the same hash value is added to the hash table, which can be triggered by a normal packet to a non-bridge device, the below warning may happen. ------------[ cut here ]------------ WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 96 at net/bridge/br_netfilter_hooks.c:632 br_nf_local_in+0x168/0x200 CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 96 Comm: tap_send Not tainted 6.17.0-rc2-dirty #44 PREEMPT(voluntary) RIP: 0010:br_nf_local_in+0x168/0x200 Call Trace: <TASK> nf_hook_slow+0x3e/0xf0 br_pass_frame_up+0x103/0x180 br_handle_frame_finish+0x2de/0x5b0 br_nf_hook_thresh+0xc0/0x120 br_nf_pre_routing_finish+0x168/0x3a0 br_nf_pre_routing+0x237/0x5e0 br_handle_frame+0x1ec/0x3c0 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x225/0x1210 __netif_receive_skb_one_core+0x37/0xa0 netif_receive_skb+0x36/0x160 tun_get_user+0xa54/0x10c0 tun_chr_write_iter+0x65/0xb0 vfs_write+0x305/0x410 ksys_write+0x60/0xd0 do_syscall_64+0xa4/0x260 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f </TASK> ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- To solve the hash conflict, nf_ct_resolve_clash() try to merge the conntracks, and update skb->_nfct. However, br_nf_local_in() still use the old ct from local variable 'nfct' after confirm(), which leads to this warning. If confirm() does not insert the conntrack entry and return NF_DROP, the warning may also occur. There is no need to reserve the WARN_ON_ONCE, just remove it.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: 7c3f28599652acf431a2211168de4a583f30b6d5 , < d00c8b0daf56012f69075e3377da67878c775e4c (git)
Affected: 2b1414d5e94e477edff1d2c79030f1d742625ea0 , < ccbad4803225eafe0175d3cb19f0d8d73b504a94 (git)
Affected: 80cd0487f630b5382734997c3e5e3003a77db315 , < 50db11e2bbb635e38e3dd096215580d6adb41fb0 (git)
Affected: 62e7151ae3eb465e0ab52a20c941ff33bb6332e9 , < c47ca77fee9071aa543bae592dd2a384f895c8b6 (git)
Affected: 62e7151ae3eb465e0ab52a20c941ff33bb6332e9 , < a74abcf0f09f59daeecf7a3ba9c1d690808b0afe (git)
Affected: 62e7151ae3eb465e0ab52a20c941ff33bb6332e9 , < 479a54ab92087318514c82428a87af2d7af1a576 (git)
Affected: cb734975b0ffa688ff6cc0eed463865bf07b6c01 (git)
Affected: 5.15.151 , < 5.15.192 (semver)
Affected: 6.1.81 , < 6.1.151 (semver)
Affected: 6.6.21 , < 6.6.105 (semver)
Affected: 6.7.9 , < 6.8 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 6.8
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.8 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.192 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.151 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.105 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.46 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.16.6 , ≤ 6.16.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.17 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
Create a notification for this product.
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: br_netfilter: do not check confirmed bit in br_nf_local_in() after confirm\n\nWhen send a broadcast packet to a tap device, which was added to a bridge,\nbr_nf_local_in() is called to confirm the conntrack. If another conntrack\nwith the same hash value is added to the hash table, which can be\ntriggered by a normal packet to a non-bridge device, the below warning\nmay happen.\n\n  ------------[ cut here ]------------\n  WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 96 at net/bridge/br_netfilter_hooks.c:632 br_nf_local_in+0x168/0x200\n  CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 96 Comm: tap_send Not tainted 6.17.0-rc2-dirty #44 PREEMPT(voluntary)\n  RIP: 0010:br_nf_local_in+0x168/0x200\n  Call Trace:\n   \u003cTASK\u003e\n   nf_hook_slow+0x3e/0xf0\n   br_pass_frame_up+0x103/0x180\n   br_handle_frame_finish+0x2de/0x5b0\n   br_nf_hook_thresh+0xc0/0x120\n   br_nf_pre_routing_finish+0x168/0x3a0\n   br_nf_pre_routing+0x237/0x5e0\n   br_handle_frame+0x1ec/0x3c0\n   __netif_receive_skb_core+0x225/0x1210\n   __netif_receive_skb_one_core+0x37/0xa0\n   netif_receive_skb+0x36/0x160\n   tun_get_user+0xa54/0x10c0\n   tun_chr_write_iter+0x65/0xb0\n   vfs_write+0x305/0x410\n   ksys_write+0x60/0xd0\n   do_syscall_64+0xa4/0x260\n   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\n   \u003c/TASK\u003e\n  ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n\nTo solve the hash conflict, nf_ct_resolve_clash() try to merge the\nconntracks, and update skb-\u003e_nfct. However, br_nf_local_in() still use the\nold ct from local variable \u0027nfct\u0027 after confirm(), which leads to this\nwarning.\n\nIf confirm() does not insert the conntrack entry and return NF_DROP, the\nwarning may also occur. There is no need to reserve the WARN_ON_ONCE, just\nremove it."
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If another conntrack\\nwith the same hash value is added to the hash table, which can be\\ntriggered by a normal packet to a non-bridge device, the below warning\\nmay happen.\\n\\n  ------------[ cut here ]------------\\n  WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 96 at net/bridge/br_netfilter_hooks.c:632 br_nf_local_in+0x168/0x200\\n  CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 96 Comm: tap_send Not tainted 6.17.0-rc2-dirty #44 PREEMPT(voluntary)\\n  RIP: 0010:br_nf_local_in+0x168/0x200\\n  Call Trace:\\n   \u003cTASK\u003e\\n   nf_hook_slow+0x3e/0xf0\\n   br_pass_frame_up+0x103/0x180\\n   br_handle_frame_finish+0x2de/0x5b0\\n   br_nf_hook_thresh+0xc0/0x120\\n   br_nf_pre_routing_finish+0x168/0x3a0\\n   br_nf_pre_routing+0x237/0x5e0\\n   br_handle_frame+0x1ec/0x3c0\\n   __netif_receive_skb_core+0x225/0x1210\\n   __netif_receive_skb_one_core+0x37/0xa0\\n   netif_receive_skb+0x36/0x160\\n   tun_get_user+0xa54/0x10c0\\n   tun_chr_write_iter+0x65/0xb0\\n   vfs_write+0x305/0x410\\n   ksys_write+0x60/0xd0\\n   do_syscall_64+0xa4/0x260\\n   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\\n   \u003c/TASK\u003e\\n  ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\\n\\nTo solve the hash conflict, nf_ct_resolve_clash() try to merge the\\nconntracks, and update skb-\u003e_nfct. However, br_nf_local_in() still use the\\nold ct from local variable \u0027nfct\u0027 after confirm(), which leads to this\\nwarning.\\n\\nIf confirm() does not insert the conntrack entry and return NF_DROP, the\\nwarning may also occur. There is no need to reserve the WARN_ON_ONCE, just\\nremove it.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/bridge/br_netfilter_hooks.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"7c3f28599652acf431a2211168de4a583f30b6d5\",\"lessThan\":\"d00c8b0daf56012f69075e3377da67878c775e4c\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"2b1414d5e94e477edff1d2c79030f1d742625ea0\",\"lessThan\":\"ccbad4803225eafe0175d3cb19f0d8d73b504a94\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"80cd0487f630b5382734997c3e5e3003a77db315\",\"lessThan\":\"50db11e2bbb635e38e3dd096215580d6adb41fb0\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"62e7151ae3eb465e0ab52a20c941ff33bb6332e9\",\"lessThan\":\"c47ca77fee9071aa543bae592dd2a384f895c8b6\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"62e7151ae3eb465e0ab52a20c941ff33bb6332e9\",\"lessThan\":\"a74abcf0f09f59daeecf7a3ba9c1d690808b0afe\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"62e7151ae3eb465e0ab52a20c941ff33bb6332e9\",\"lessThan\":\"479a54ab92087318514c82428a87af2d7af1a576\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"cb734975b0ffa688ff6cc0eed463865bf07b6c01\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.151\",\"lessThan\":\"5.15.192\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.81\",\"lessThan\":\"6.1.151\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.21\",\"lessThan\":\"6.6.105\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"6.7.9\",\"lessThan\":\"6.8\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/bridge/br_netfilter_hooks.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"6.8\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"6.8\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.192\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.151\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.105\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.46\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.16.6\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.16.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.17\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":5.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":3.6}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"NVD-CWE-noinfo\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.15.151\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.15.192\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"EAEDCA1A-2745-4005-85AE-39E44436B5D2\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.1.81\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.1.151\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"CB3C782A-F7CE-4C5F-AA7F-B5FF3DCDA1AF\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.6.21\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.6.105\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"224C8BB6-3C4A-4887-98F0-6563C9376380\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.7.9\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.8\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"739125EE-99C1-42E1-B870-04FD5010BA66\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.8.1\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.12.46\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"E12DFF9A-7ACE-4914-8CB1-28DB75F1E42B\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.13\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.16.6\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"548F104C-0F08-438B-9C97-64C903F0C678\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.8:-:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"41E47F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Party Advisory\"]}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-06-30T01:24:20+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-39894",
      "id": "CVE-2025-39894",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-10-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "184",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "90",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: netfilter: br_netfilter: do not check confirmed bit in br_nf_local_in() after confirm",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-39894.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.