CVE-2025-40342 (GCVE-0-2025-40342)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-09 04:09 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
nvme-fc: use lock accessing port_state and rport state
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
nvme-fc: use lock accessing port_state and rport state
nvme_fc_unregister_remote removes the remote port on a lport object at
any point in time when there is no active association. This races with
with the reconnect logic, because nvme_fc_create_association is not
taking a lock to check the port_state and atomically increase the
active count on the rport.
Severity
8.8 (High)
Assigner
References
7 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997 , < de3d91af47bc015031e7721b100a29989f6498a5
(git)
Affected: e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997 , < e8cde03de8674b05f2c5e0870729049eba517800 (git) Affected: e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997 , < 4253e0a4546138a2bf9cb6acf66b32fee677fc7c (git) Affected: e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997 , < 25f4bf1f7979a7871974fd36c79d69ff1cf4b446 (git) Affected: e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997 , < 9950af4303942081dc8c7a5fdc3688c17c7eb6c0 (git) Affected: e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997 , < a2f7fa75c4a2a07328fa22ccbef461db76790b55 (git) Affected: e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997 , < 891cdbb162ccdb079cd5228ae43bdeebce8597ad (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
4.10
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.10 (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.247 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.197 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.159 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.117 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.58 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17.8 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
{
"containers": {
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"drivers/nvme/host/fc.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "de3d91af47bc015031e7721b100a29989f6498a5",
"status": "affected",
"version": "e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "e8cde03de8674b05f2c5e0870729049eba517800",
"status": "affected",
"version": "e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
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"status": "affected",
"version": "e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "25f4bf1f7979a7871974fd36c79d69ff1cf4b446",
"status": "affected",
"version": "e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "9950af4303942081dc8c7a5fdc3688c17c7eb6c0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "a2f7fa75c4a2a07328fa22ccbef461db76790b55",
"status": "affected",
"version": "e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "891cdbb162ccdb079cd5228ae43bdeebce8597ad",
"status": "affected",
"version": "e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"drivers/nvme/host/fc.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "4.10"
},
{
"lessThan": "4.10",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.10.247",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.15.197",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.1.159",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.117",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.58",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.17.8",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.18",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.10.247",
"versionStartIncluding": "4.10",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.15.197",
"versionStartIncluding": "4.10",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.1.159",
"versionStartIncluding": "4.10",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.6.117",
"versionStartIncluding": "4.10",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.12.58",
"versionStartIncluding": "4.10",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.17.8",
"versionStartIncluding": "4.10",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.18",
"versionStartIncluding": "4.10",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnvme-fc: use lock accessing port_state and rport state\n\nnvme_fc_unregister_remote removes the remote port on a lport object at\nany point in time when there is no active association. This races with\nwith the reconnect logic, because nvme_fc_create_association is not\ntaking a lock to check the port_state and atomically increase the\nactive count on the rport."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 8.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:A - Both halves of the race are driven by a remote NVMe-FC peer over the Fibre Channel fabric \u2014 target logout/RSCN triggers `nvme_fc_unregister_remoteport()` while association failure triggers the host\u0027s reconnect worker \u2014 so no host access is needed, but FC/FCoE is a limited, non-routable storage network requiring the attacker to be attached to the same fabric.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race and can repeat login/logout plus association-failure cycles indefinitely, and the host\u0027s reconnect logic re-enters `nvme_fc_create_association()` automatically on every cycle, so the window is hit reliably given enough iterations.\nPR:N - FC-NVMe performs no peer authentication \u2014 fabric zoning is the only access control \u2014 so a rogue or compromised port on the SAN needs no credentials or account on the victim host to drive the port-state transitions.\nUI:N - The reconnect path runs entirely in kernel workqueue context (`nvme_fc_connect_ctrl_work`) in response to fabric events; no administrator or user action on the victim is required.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel objects owned by the nvme-fc transport and the FC HBA driver within the same security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The double `remoteport_delete()` causes a refcount underflow and premature free of the LLDD node structure (lpfc `ndlp`, qla2xxx `fcport`) while the transport continues to dereference it, and such a use-after-free on a heap object gives an attacker able to groom the slab an arbitrary kernel read primitive.\nI:H - The same use-after-free/double-put lets a reclaimed allocation be written through stale transport pointers and function-pointer-bearing structures (`lport-\u003eops`, `rport-\u003endlp`), which is exploitable for arbitrary write and control-flow hijack.\nA:H - Even unweaponized, the double free and continued use of a torn-down remote port reliably produce kref underflow warnings, KASAN use-after-free splats, and kernel panics, taking down storage-attached hosts."
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:09:44.878Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/de3d91af47bc015031e7721b100a29989f6498a5"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e8cde03de8674b05f2c5e0870729049eba517800"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4253e0a4546138a2bf9cb6acf66b32fee677fc7c"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/25f4bf1f7979a7871974fd36c79d69ff1cf4b446"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9950af4303942081dc8c7a5fdc3688c17c7eb6c0"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a2f7fa75c4a2a07328fa22ccbef461db76790b55"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/891cdbb162ccdb079cd5228ae43bdeebce8597ad"
}
],
"title": "nvme-fc: use lock accessing port_state and rport state",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-40342",
"datePublished": "2025-12-09T04:09:59.673Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.187Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:09:44.878Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2025-40342",
"date": "2026-09-15",
"epss": "0.00366",
"percentile": "0.30042"
},
"nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-40342\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2025-12-09T16:17:44.517\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-07-30T06:24:30.307\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Deferred\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nnvme-fc: use lock accessing port_state and rport state\\n\\nnvme_fc_unregister_remote removes the remote port on a lport object at\\nany point in time when there is no active association. This races with\\nwith the reconnect logic, because nvme_fc_create_association is not\\ntaking a lock to check the port_state and atomically increase the\\nactive count on the rport.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"drivers/nvme/host/fc.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997\",\"lessThan\":\"de3d91af47bc015031e7721b100a29989f6498a5\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997\",\"lessThan\":\"e8cde03de8674b05f2c5e0870729049eba517800\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997\",\"lessThan\":\"4253e0a4546138a2bf9cb6acf66b32fee677fc7c\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997\",\"lessThan\":\"25f4bf1f7979a7871974fd36c79d69ff1cf4b446\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997\",\"lessThan\":\"9950af4303942081dc8c7a5fdc3688c17c7eb6c0\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997\",\"lessThan\":\"a2f7fa75c4a2a07328fa22ccbef461db76790b55\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e399441de9115cd472b8ace6c517708273ca7997\",\"lessThan\":\"891cdbb162ccdb079cd5228ae43bdeebce8597ad\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"drivers/nvme/host/fc.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"4.10\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"4.10\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.247\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.197\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.159\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.117\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.58\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.17.8\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.17.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":8.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"ADJACENT_NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/25f4bf1f7979a7871974fd36c79d69ff1cf4b446\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4253e0a4546138a2bf9cb6acf66b32fee677fc7c\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/891cdbb162ccdb079cd5228ae43bdeebce8597ad\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9950af4303942081dc8c7a5fdc3688c17c7eb6c0\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a2f7fa75c4a2a07328fa22ccbef461db76790b55\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/de3d91af47bc015031e7721b100a29989f6498a5\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e8cde03de8674b05f2c5e0870729049eba517800\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}",
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-07-30T08:43:20+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-40342",
"id": "CVE-2025-40342",
"initial_release_date": "2025-12-09T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_affected": "260",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "14",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: nvme-fc: use lock accessing port_state and rport state",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-40342.json",
"version": "3"
},
"suse_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-08-29T01:14:38Z",
"cve": "CVE-2025-40342",
"id": "CVE-2025-40342",
"initial_release_date": "2025-12-10T00:26:23Z",
"product_status:first_fixed": "2",
"product_status:known_affected": "735",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "34",
"product_status:recommended": "421",
"source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
"status": "interim",
"title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-40342",
"url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-40342.json",
"version": "55"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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