GCVE Workshop - 22 September 2026 (14:00-18:00), Luxembourg Before The Vulnopticon Conference - Registration

CVE-2025-59402 (GCVE-0-2025-59402)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-25 00:00 – Updated: 2025-09-26 20:18
VLAI
Summary
Flock Safety Bravo Edge AI Compute Device BRAVO_00.00_local_20241017 accepts the default Thundercomm TurboX 6490 Firehose loader in EDL/QDL mode. This enables attackers with physical access to flash arbitrary firmware, dump partitions, and bypass bootloader and OS security controls.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-09-26 20:16 UTC
CWE
  • n/a
  • CWE-616 - Incomplete Identification of Uploaded File Variables (PHP)
Assigner
References
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "PHYSICAL",
              "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
              "baseScore": 5.4,
              "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
              "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-59402",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-09-26T20:16:48.202973Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-616",
                "description": "CWE-616 Incomplete Identification of Uploaded File Variables (PHP)",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-09-26T20:18:48.901Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "n/a",
          "vendor": "n/a",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "n/a"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Flock Safety Bravo Edge AI Compute Device BRAVO_00.00_local_20241017 accepts the default Thundercomm TurboX 6490 Firehose loader in EDL/QDL mode. This enables attackers with physical access to flash arbitrary firmware, dump partitions, and bypass bootloader and OS security controls."
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "description": "n/a",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "text"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-09-25T20:47:45.769Z",
        "orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
        "shortName": "mitre"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://gainsec.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Root-from-the-Coop-Device-3_-Root-Shell-on-Flock-Safetys-Bravo-Compute-Box-GainSec.pdf"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.flocksafety.com/products"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.flocksafety.com/products/license-plate-readers"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://gainsec.com/2025/09/19/root-from-the-coop-device-3-root-shell-on-flock-safetys-bravo-compute-box/"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
    "assignerShortName": "mitre",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-59402",
    "datePublished": "2025-09-25T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-09-15T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-09-26T20:18:48.901Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-59402",
      "date": "2026-09-16",
      "epss": "0.00232",
      "percentile": "0.1425"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-59402\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"published\":\"2025-09-25T21:15:31.930\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-06-17T09:46:05.557\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Analyzed\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"Flock Safety Bravo Edge AI Compute Device BRAVO_00.00_local_20241017 accepts the default Thundercomm TurboX 6490 Firehose loader in EDL/QDL mode. This enables attackers with physical access to flash arbitrary firmware, dump partitions, and bypass bootloader and OS security controls.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"n/a\",\"product\":\"n/a\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"n/a\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L\",\"baseScore\":5.4,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"PHYSICAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"REQUIRED\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"LOW\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"LOW\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":0.7,\"impactScore\":4.7}],\"ssvcV203\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"ssvcData\":{\"timestamp\":\"2025-09-26T20:16:48.202973Z\",\"id\":\"CVE-2025-59402\",\"options\":[{\"exploitation\":\"none\"},{\"automatable\":\"no\"},{\"technicalImpact\":\"partial\"}],\"role\":\"CISA Coordinator\",\"version\":\"2.0.3\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-616\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:flocksafety:bravo_compute_box_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"F87A78E0-E690-4CC9-B459-2242619C0821\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://gainsec.com/2025/09/19/root-from-the-coop-device-3-root-shell-on-flock-safetys-bravo-compute-box/\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://gainsec.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Root-from-the-Coop-Device-3_-Root-Shell-on-Flock-Safetys-Bravo-Compute-Box-GainSec.pdf\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://www.flocksafety.com/products\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Product\"]},{\"url\":\"https://www.flocksafety.com/products/license-plate-readers\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Product\"]}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2025-09-26T08:50:06+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-59402",
      "id": "CVE-2025-59402",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "CVE-2025-59402",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-59402.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 5.4, \"attackVector\": \"PHYSICAL\", \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"REQUIRED\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"LOW\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"LOW\"}}, {\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-59402\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2025-09-26T20:16:48.202973Z\"}}}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-616\", \"description\": \"CWE-616 Incomplete Identification of Uploaded File Variables (PHP)\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-09-26T20:17:54.379Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"n/a\", \"product\": \"n/a\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"n/a\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://gainsec.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Root-from-the-Coop-Device-3_-Root-Shell-on-Flock-Safetys-Bravo-Compute-Box-GainSec.pdf\"}, {\"url\": \"https://www.flocksafety.com/products\"}, {\"url\": \"https://www.flocksafety.com/products/license-plate-readers\"}, {\"url\": \"https://gainsec.com/2025/09/19/root-from-the-coop-device-3-root-shell-on-flock-safetys-bravo-compute-box/\"}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Flock Safety Bravo Edge AI Compute Device BRAVO_00.00_local_20241017 accepts the default Thundercomm TurboX 6490 Firehose loader in EDL/QDL mode. This enables attackers with physical access to flash arbitrary firmware, dump partitions, and bypass bootloader and OS security controls.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"text\", \"description\": \"n/a\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca\", \"shortName\": \"mitre\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-09-25T20:47:45.769Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-59402\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-09-26T20:18:48.901Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-09-15T00:00:00.000Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-09-25T00:00:00.000Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"mitre\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.1"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.