cvelistv5 - cve-2025-66406

CVE-2025-66406 (GCVE-0-2025-66406)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-03 19:13 – Updated: 2025-12-03 21:40

Summary

Step CA is an online certificate authority for secure, automated certificate management for DevOps. Prior to 0.29.0, there is an improper authorization check for SSH certificate revocation. This affects deployments configured with the SSHPOP provisioner. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.29.0.

Severity ?

5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

CWE

CWE-863 - Incorrect Authorization

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

URL

Tags

https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/securit…

x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	smallstep	certificates	Affected: < 0.29.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-66406",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-12-03T21:40:49.793375Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-12-03T21:40:59.681Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "certificates",
          "vendor": "smallstep",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 0.29.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Step CA is an online certificate authority for secure, automated certificate management for DevOps. Prior to 0.29.0, there is an improper authorization check for SSH certificate revocation. This affects deployments configured with the SSHPOP provisioner. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.29.0."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 5,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-863",
              "description": "CWE-863: Incorrect Authorization",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-12-03T19:13:48.240Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/security/advisories/GHSA-j7c9-79x7-8hpr",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/security/advisories/GHSA-j7c9-79x7-8hpr"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-j7c9-79x7-8hpr",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Improper Authorization Check for SSH Certificate Revocation"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-66406",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-03T19:13:48.240Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-11-28T23:33:56.365Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-12-03T21:40:59.681Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-66406\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"published\":\"2025-12-03T20:16:26.560\",\"lastModified\":\"2025-12-04T17:15:08.283\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Awaiting Analysis\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"Step CA is an online certificate authority for secure, automated certificate management for DevOps. Prior to 0.29.0, there is an improper authorization check for SSH certificate revocation. This affects deployments configured with the SSHPOP provisioner. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.29.0.\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H\",\"baseScore\":5.0,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"HIGH\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"HIGH\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"LOW\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":0.7,\"impactScore\":4.2}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-863\"}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/security/advisories/GHSA-j7c9-79x7-8hpr\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"}]}}",
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-66406\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2025-12-03T21:40:49.793375Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-12-03T21:40:55.583Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"Improper Authorization Check for SSH Certificate Revocation\", \"source\": {\"advisory\": \"GHSA-j7c9-79x7-8hpr\", \"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 5, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"LOW\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"HIGH\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"HIGH\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"smallstep\", \"product\": \"certificates\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003c 0.29.0\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/security/advisories/GHSA-j7c9-79x7-8hpr\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/security/advisories/GHSA-j7c9-79x7-8hpr\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\"]}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Step CA is an online certificate authority for secure, automated certificate management for DevOps. Prior to 0.29.0, there is an improper authorization check for SSH certificate revocation. This affects deployments configured with the SSHPOP provisioner. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.29.0.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-863\", \"description\": \"CWE-863: Incorrect Authorization\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"shortName\": \"GitHub_M\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-12-03T19:13:48.240Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-66406\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-12-03T21:40:59.681Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-11-28T23:33:56.365Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-12-03T19:13:48.240Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"GitHub_M\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}

FKIE_CVE-2025-66406

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-12-03 20:16 - Updated: 2025-12-04 17:15

Severity ?

5.0 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/security/advisories/GHSA-j7c9-79x7-8hpr

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Step CA is an online certificate authority for secure, automated certificate management for DevOps. Prior to 0.29.0, there is an improper authorization check for SSH certificate revocation. This affects deployments configured with the SSHPOP provisioner. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.29.0."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-66406",
  "lastModified": "2025-12-04T17:15:08.283",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 5.0,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "LOW",
          "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 0.7,
        "impactScore": 4.2,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-12-03T20:16:26.560",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/security/advisories/GHSA-j7c9-79x7-8hpr"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Awaiting Analysis",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-863"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-J7C9-79X7-8HPR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-03 16:27 – Updated: 2025-12-04 16:22

Summary

step-ca Has Improper Authorization Check for SSH Certificate Revocation

Details

Summary

A security fix is now available for Step CA that resolves a vulnerability affecting deployments configured with the SSHPOP provisioner. All operators running these provisioners should upgrade to the latest release (v0.29.0) immediately.

The issue was discovered and responsibly disclosed by a research team during a security review. There is no evidence of active exploitation.

To limit exploitation risk during a coordinated disclosure window, we are withholding detailed technical information for now. A full write-up will be published in several weeks.

Embargo List

If your organization runs Step CA in production and would like advance, embargoed notification of future security updates, visit https://u.step.sm/disclosure to request inclusion on our embargo list.

Acknowledgements

This issue was identified and reported by Gabriel Departout and Andy Russon, from AMOSSYS. This audit was sponsored by ANSSI (French Cybersecurity Agency) based on their Open-Source security audit program.

Stay safe, and thank you for helping us keep the ecosystem secure.

Severity ?

5.0 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.28.4"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/smallstep/certificates"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.29.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-66406"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-285",
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-12-03T16:27:59Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-03T20:16:26Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nA security fix is now available for Step CA that resolves a vulnerability affecting deployments configured with the SSHPOP provisioner.\nAll operators running these provisioners should upgrade to the latest release (`v0.29.0`) immediately.\n\nThe issue was discovered and responsibly disclosed by a research team during a security review. There is no evidence of active exploitation.\n\nTo limit exploitation risk during a coordinated disclosure window, we are withholding detailed technical information for now. A full write-up will be published in several weeks.\n\n---\n\n## Embargo List\n\nIf your organization runs Step CA in production and would like advance, embargoed notification of future security updates, visit https://u.step.sm/disclosure to request inclusion on our embargo list.\n\n---\n\n## Acknowledgements\n\nThis issue was identified and reported by Gabriel Departout and Andy Russon, from [AMOSSYS](http://amossys.fr/). This audit was sponsored by [ANSSI](https://cyber.gouv.fr/) (French Cybersecurity Agency) based on [their Open-Source security audit program](https://cyber.gouv.fr/open-source-lanssi#:~:text=Financement%20d%27%C3%A9valuations%20de%20s%C3%A9curit%C3%A9%20de%20logiciels%20libres).\n\n---\n\nStay safe, and thank you for helping us keep the ecosystem secure.",
  "id": "GHSA-j7c9-79x7-8hpr",
  "modified": "2025-12-04T16:22:30Z",
  "published": "2025-12-03T16:27:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/security/advisories/GHSA-j7c9-79x7-8hpr"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66406"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/smallstep/certificates"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "step-ca Has Improper Authorization Check for SSH Certificate Revocation"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2025-66406 (GCVE-0-2025-66406)

FKIE_CVE-2025-66406

GHSA-J7C9-79X7-8HPR

Summary

Embargo List

Acknowledgements

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature