Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-27823 (GCVE-0-2026-27823)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-20 15:24 – Updated: 2026-07-21 15:47

Title

Remote Code Execution Vulnerability in EGroupware

Summary

A vulnerability has been identified in EGroupware that may lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE). The issue allows an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the server. If user self-registration is enabled, the vulnerability may be exploitable without prior authentication. The vulnerability stems from improper authorization checks combined with a file write primitive and an arbitrary file read vulnerability, which together enable full system compromise. This has been patched in versions 26.2.20260224 and 23.1.20260224.

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-07-21 15:46 UTC

CWE

CWE-285 - Improper Authorization

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/EGroupware/egroupware/security…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
EGroupware	egroupware	Affected: <= 26.2.20260216 Affected: <= 23.1.20260131	guessed

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2026-27823

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-07-20 16:16 - Updated: 2026-07-22 20:52

Severity

8.7 (High) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/EGroupware/egroupware/security/advisories/GHSA-h9qx-v5xp-ph8p

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

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GHSA-H9QX-V5XP-PH8P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-07 13:01 – Updated: 2026-07-07 13:01

Summary

EGroupware has a Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Details

Summary

A critical vulnerability has been identified in EGroupware that may lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE). The issue allows an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the server. If user self-registration is enabled, the vulnerability may be exploitable without prior authentication.

The vulnerability stems from improper authorization checks combined with a file write primitive and an arbitrary file read vulnerability, which together enable full system compromise.

Details

1. Improper Authorization in SmallPartMediaRecorder::ajax_upload()

The vulnerability originates in:

EGroupware\SmallParT\Widgets\SmallPartMediaRecorder::ajax_upload()

The function attempts to verify whether the current user is a teacher of the specified course ID before allowing a file upload.

The critical authorization check ensures that the course access control list (ACL) contains:

$required_acl (self::ROLE_TEACHER, i.e., 3)

However, the course_aclvalue is derived from user-controlled request data.

Bypass Technique

A crafted request can manipulate the participant_rolevalue inside the request body:

{
  "video": {
    "course_id": {
      "participants": [
        {
          "account_id": "7",
          "name": "Test",
          "joined_at": "2026-01-10",
          "participant_role": 3
        }
      ],
      "account_id": "7",
      "course_id": "1"
    },
    "video_hash": ".",
    "video_type": "file_here"
  }
}

Because the course ACL is taken from participant_role, setting it to 3 allows bypassing the isTeachercheck.

2. Arbitrary File Write

After bypassing authorization, the function uploads the provided file into a controllable file path.

The file path is derived from the video_type(or video_path) value, enabling path traversal.

Due to file permission restrictions (server running as www-data), writable targets are limited. One viable target is ./header.inc.php

3. Constraints

Writing a simple PHP webshell may not immediately execute due to OPcache.

An invalid header.inc.php file will break the system and prevent the server from running.

Therefore, a valid file structure must be preserved.

4. Arbitrary File Read

A second vulnerability allows arbitrary file read via:

/egroupware/index.php?menuaction=importexport.importexport_export_ui.download&_filename=../../../usr/share/egroupware/header.inc.php&_suffix=txt&_type=text/plain&filename=leak

The issue resides in:

importexport_export_ui::download

The _filenameparameter is user-controlled and used to read arbitrary files.

This allows retrieving the original header.inc.php content.

5. Achieving Remote Code Execution

By combining: Arbitrary file read (to retrieve valid header.inc.php); Arbitrary file write (to overwrite it with modified content), an attacker can inject controlled PHP code while preserving file validity.

This results in Remote Code Execution after server restart, or OPcache expiration. An alternative impact includes modifying the admin setup password to gain full system control.

Impact

Remote Code Execution Full system compromise Arbitrary file read Arbitrary file write Potential complete takeover of EGroupware instance

Reported by

This finding was discovered by Huong Kieu of Cenobe Security (https://cenobe.com/)

Severity

9.3 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

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  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-22",
      "CWE-639",
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-07T13:01:01Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\nA critical vulnerability has been identified in EGroupware that may lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE).\nThe issue allows an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the server. If user self-registration is enabled, the vulnerability may be exploitable without prior authentication.\n\nThe vulnerability stems from improper authorization checks combined with a file write primitive and an arbitrary file read vulnerability, which together enable full system compromise.\n\n## Details\n### 1. Improper Authorization in SmallPartMediaRecorder::ajax_upload()\n\nThe vulnerability originates in:\n\n`EGroupware\\SmallParT\\Widgets\\SmallPartMediaRecorder::ajax_upload()`\n\nThe function attempts to verify whether the current user is a teacher of the specified course ID before allowing a file upload.\n\nThe critical authorization check ensures that the course access control list (ACL) contains:\n\n`$required_acl (self::ROLE_TEACHER, i.e., 3)`\n\nHowever, the `course_acl `value is derived from user-controlled request data.\n\n**_Bypass Technique_**\n\nA crafted request can manipulate the `participant_role `value inside the request body:\n\n```json\n{\n  \"video\": {\n    \"course_id\": {\n      \"participants\": [\n        {\n          \"account_id\": \"7\",\n          \"name\": \"Test\",\n          \"joined_at\": \"2026-01-10\",\n          \"participant_role\": 3\n        }\n      ],\n      \"account_id\": \"7\",\n      \"course_id\": \"1\"\n    },\n    \"video_hash\": \".\",\n    \"video_type\": \"file_here\"\n  }\n}\n```\n\nBecause the course ACL is taken from `participant_role`, setting it to 3 allows bypassing the `isTeacher `check.\n\n### 2. Arbitrary File Write\n\nAfter bypassing authorization, the function uploads the provided file into a controllable file path.\n\nThe file path is derived from the `video_type `(or video_path) value, enabling path traversal.\n\nDue to file permission restrictions (server running as www-data), writable targets are limited. One viable target is `./header.inc.php`\n\n### 3. Constraints\n\nWriting a simple PHP webshell may not immediately execute due to OPcache.\n\nAn invalid `header.inc.php` file will break the system and prevent the server from running.\n\nTherefore, a valid file structure must be preserved.\n\n### 4. Arbitrary File Read\n\nA second vulnerability allows arbitrary file read via:\n\n`/egroupware/index.php?menuaction=importexport.importexport_export_ui.download\u0026_filename=../../../usr/share/egroupware/header.inc.php\u0026_suffix=txt\u0026_type=text/plain\u0026filename=leak`\n\nThe issue resides in:\n\n`importexport_export_ui::download`\n\nThe `_filename `parameter is user-controlled and used to read arbitrary files.\n\nThis allows retrieving the original `header.inc.php` content.\n\n### 5. Achieving Remote Code Execution\n\nBy combining: Arbitrary file read (to retrieve valid header.inc.php); Arbitrary file write (to overwrite it with modified content), an attacker can inject controlled PHP code while preserving file validity.\n\nThis results in Remote Code Execution after server restart, or OPcache expiration. An alternative impact includes modifying the admin setup password to gain full system control.\n\n## Impact\nRemote Code Execution\nFull system compromise\nArbitrary file read\nArbitrary file write\nPotential complete takeover of EGroupware instance\n\n## Reported by\nThis finding was discovered by Huong Kieu of Cenobe Security (https://cenobe.com/)",
  "id": "GHSA-h9qx-v5xp-ph8p",
  "modified": "2026-07-07T13:01:01Z",
  "published": "2026-07-07T13:01:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/EGroupware/egroupware/security/advisories/GHSA-h9qx-v5xp-ph8p"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/EGroupware/egroupware"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "EGroupware has a Remote Code Execution Vulnerability"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

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Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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Action not permitted

CVE-2026-27823 (GCVE-0-2026-27823)

FKIE_CVE-2026-27823

GHSA-H9QX-V5XP-PH8P

Summary

Details

1. Improper Authorization in SmallPartMediaRecorder::ajax_upload()

2. Arbitrary File Write

3. Constraints

4. Arbitrary File Read

5. Achieving Remote Code Execution

Impact

Reported by

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

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