Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-42349 (GCVE-0-2026-42349)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-11 16:08 – Updated: 2026-05-14 18:19

Title

Clerk: Authorization bypass when combining organization, billing, or reverification checks

Summary

Clerk JavaScript is the official JavaScript repository for Clerk authentication. has(), auth.protect(), and related authorization predicates in @clerk/shared, @clerk/nextjs, @clerk/backend, and other framework SDKs can return true for certain combined authorization checks when the result should be false, allowing a gated action to proceed for a user who does not satisfy the full set of requested conditions. This call shape can be bypassed if certain conditions are met: a has() or auth.protect() call that combines a reverification check with any of role, permission, feature, or plan, or that combines a billing check (feature or plan) with a role or permission check. This vulnerability is fixed in @clerk/clerk-js 5.125.10 and 6.7.5.

Severity

7.6 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-754 - Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
CWE-863 - Incorrect Authorization

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/clerk/javascript/security/advi…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

17 products

Vendor	Product	Version
clerk	javascript	Affected: >= 5.22.0, < 5.125.10 Affected: >= 6.0.0, < 6.7.5
@clerk	shared	Affected: >= 3.0.0, <= 3.47.4 Affected: >= 4.0.0, <= 4.8.2
@clerk	backend	Affected: >= 2.0.0, <= 2.33.2 Affected: >= 3.0.0, <= 3.2.13
@clerk	nextjs	Affected: >= 6.0.0, <= 6.39.2 Affected: >= 7.0.0, <= 7.2.3
@clerk	clerk-react	Affected: >= 5.9.0, <= 5.61.5
@clerk	react	Affected: >= 6.0.0, <= 6.4.2
@clerk	vue	Affected: >= 1.0.0, <= 1.17.20 Affected: >= 2.0.0, <= 2.0.15
@clerk	astro	Affected: >= 2.0.0, <= 2.17.10 Affected: >= 3.0.0, <= 3.0.17
@clerk	nuxt	Affected: >= 1.0.0, <= 1.13.28 Affected: >= 2.0.0, <= 2.2.4
@clerk	clerk-expo	Affected: >= 2.2.11, <= 2.19.35
@clerk	expo	Affected: >= 3.0.0, <= 3.2.1
@clerk	react-router	Affected: >= 0.0.1, <= 2.4.12 Affected: >= 3.0.0, <= 3.1.3
@clerk	tanstack-react-start	Affected: >= 0.0.1, <= 0.29.10 Affected: >= 1.0.0, <= 1.1.3
@clerk	chrome-extension	Affected: >= 1.3.5, <= 2.9.14 Affected: >= 3.0.0, <= 3.1.14
@clerk	fastify	Affected: >= 1.0.42, <= 2.6.30 Affected: >= 3.0.0, <= 3.1.15
@clerk	express	Affected: >= 0.1.0, <= 1.7.78 Affected: >= 2.0.0, <= 2.1.5
@clerk	hono	Affected: >= 0.0.2, <= 0.1.15

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FKIE_CVE-2026-42349

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-05-11 17:16 - Updated: 2026-06-01 16:33

Severity

8.1 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/clerk/javascript/security/advisories/GHSA-w24r-5266-9c3c	Mitigation, Vendor Advisory
	134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0	https://github.com/clerk/javascript/security/advisories/GHSA-w24r-5266-9c3c	Mitigation, Vendor Advisory

Impacted products

Vendor	Product	Version
clerk	clerk\/astro	*
clerk	clerk\/astro	*
clerk	clerk\/backend	*
clerk	clerk\/backend	*
clerk	clerk\/chrome-extension	*
clerk	clerk\/chrome-extension	*
clerk	clerk\/clerk-expo	*
clerk	clerk\/clerk-js	*
clerk	clerk\/clerk-js	*
clerk	clerk\/clerk-react	*
clerk	clerk\/expo	*
clerk	clerk\/express	*
clerk	clerk\/express	*
clerk	clerk\/fastify	*
clerk	clerk\/fastify	*
clerk	clerk\/hono	*
clerk	clerk\/nextjs	*
clerk	clerk\/nextjs	*
clerk	clerk\/nuxt	*
clerk	clerk\/nuxt	*
clerk	clerk\/react	*
clerk	clerk\/react-router	*
clerk	clerk\/react-router	*
clerk	clerk\/shared	*
clerk	clerk\/shared	*
clerk	clerk\/tanstack-react-start	*
clerk	clerk\/tanstack-react-start	*
clerk	clerk\/vue	*
clerk	clerk\/vue	*

JSON

To clipboard

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      "value": "Clerk JavaScript is the official JavaScript repository for Clerk authentication. has(), auth.protect(), and related authorization predicates in @clerk/shared, @clerk/nextjs, @clerk/backend, and other framework SDKs can return true for certain combined authorization checks when the result should be false, allowing a gated action to proceed for a user who does not satisfy the full set of requested conditions. This call shape can be bypassed if certain conditions are met: a has() or auth.protect() call that combines a reverification check with any of role, permission, feature, or plan, or that combines a billing check (feature or plan) with a role or permission check. This vulnerability is fixed in  @clerk/clerk-js 5.125.10 and 6.7.5."
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GHSA-W24R-5266-9C3C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-30 18:20 – Updated: 2026-05-13 14:04

Summary

Clerk has an authorization bypass when combining organization, billing, or reverification checks

Details

Summary

has(), auth.protect(), and related authorization predicates in @clerk/shared, @clerk/nextjs, @clerk/backend, and other framework SDKs can return true for certain combined authorization checks when the result should be false, allowing a gated action to proceed for a user who does not satisfy the full set of requested conditions.

Sessions are not compromised and no existing user can be impersonated. The bypass is limited to the authorization decision returned by the predicate. clerkMiddleware continues to authenticate requests correctly, auth() reflects the real authentication state, and token verification is unaffected.

Who is affected

All apps that combine more than one authorization dimension in a single has() or auth.protect() call should upgrade to the patched versions. Patches are drop-in with no API changes. The information below describes the scope of the bypass and helps developers understand whether their apps are potentially affected, but is not a reason to delay the upgrade.

This call shape can be bypassed if certain conditions are met: a has() or auth.protect() call that combines a reverification check with any of role, permission, feature, or plan, or that combines a billing check (feature or plan) with a role or permission check.

// Reverification combined with role / permission / feature / plan
await auth.protect({ permission: 'org:settings:delete', reverification: 'strict' });
const canAct = has({ role: 'org:admin', reverification: 'strict' });

// Billing (feature / plan) combined with role / permission
const canAct = has({ permission: 'org:admin', feature: 'premium' });

Single-condition checks are not affected and continue to fail closed as expected:

await auth.protect({ permission: 'org:settings:delete' });
has({ reverification: 'strict' });

The callback form of auth.protect is not affected unless the callback itself invokes one of the affected shapes:

await auth.protect(has => has({ permission: 'org:X' }) && has({ reverification: 'strict' }));

App patterns that rely only on single-condition checks, or that combine them via the callback form, are unaffected. Authentication, session state, and token verification continue to work correctly regardless of this bypass.

@clerk/shared is usually not imported directly in application code, but the fix lives there and reaches an app through its framework package. If developers import createCheckAuthorization from @clerk/shared directly, their apps are also affected. Run npm why @clerk/shared (or the app's package manager's equivalent) to check the installed version.

Additional `auth.protect()` bypass

A second, related bypass lives in @clerk/nextjs: auth.protect() silently discarded authorization params (role, permission, feature, plan, reverification) whenever the same argument object also contained unauthenticatedUrl, unauthorizedUrl, or token.

Recommended actions

Upgrade to the latest patch release of the consuming app's framework package on its current major. Both Core 2 and Core 3 release lines have patches. See the "Affected packages" section above for the exact vulnerable ranges and patched versions per package.

If a consuming app pins @clerk/clerk-js directly, upgrade it to the patched version. Most apps load @clerk/clerk-js from Clerk's CDN through their framework package and will receive the fix automatically, with no upgrade step required.

Workaround

If developers cannot upgrade immediately, split combined has() or auth.protect() calls into sequential single-condition checks:

// Replace
await auth.protect({ permission: 'org:X', reverification: 'strict' });
// With
await auth.protect({ reverification: 'strict' });
await auth.protect({ permission: 'org:X' });

Each single-condition check fails closed as expected, so evaluating them independently and denying if either fails produces the correct result.

Timeline

This issue was reported on 18 APR 2026, patched on 22 APR 2026, and publicly disclosed on 22 APR 2026.

Thanks to AISafe for the responsible disclosure of this vulnerability.

Severity

7.6 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

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        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.19.35"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@clerk/clerk-expo"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.2.11"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.19.36"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.2.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@clerk/expo"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.2.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.4.12"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@clerk/react-router"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.0.1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.4.13"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.1.3"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@clerk/react-router"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.1.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.29.10"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@clerk/tanstack-react-start"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.0.1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.29.11"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.1.3"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@clerk/tanstack-react-start"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.1.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.9.14"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@clerk/chrome-extension"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.3.5"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.9.15"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.1.14"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@clerk/chrome-extension"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.1.15"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.6.30"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@clerk/fastify"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.0.42"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.6.31"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.1.15"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@clerk/fastify"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.1.16"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.7.78"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@clerk/express"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.1.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.7.79"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.1.5"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@clerk/express"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.1.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.1.15"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@clerk/hono"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.0.2"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.1.16"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-42349"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-754",
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-30T18:20:02Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-11T17:16:33Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\n`has()`, `auth.protect()`, and related authorization predicates in `@clerk/shared`, `@clerk/nextjs`, `@clerk/backend`, and other framework SDKs can return true for certain combined authorization checks when the result should be false, allowing a gated action to proceed for a user who does not satisfy the full set of requested conditions.\n\nSessions are not compromised and no existing user can be impersonated. The bypass is limited to the authorization decision returned by the predicate. `clerkMiddleware` continues to authenticate requests correctly, `auth()` reflects the real authentication state, and token verification is unaffected.\n\n### Who is affected\n\nAll apps that combine more than one authorization dimension in a single `has()` or `auth.protect()` call should upgrade to the patched versions. Patches are drop-in with no API changes. The information below describes the scope of the bypass and helps developers understand whether their apps are potentially affected, but is not a reason to delay the upgrade.\n\nThis call shape can be bypassed if certain conditions are met: a `has()` or `auth.protect()` call that combines a `reverification` check with any of `role`, `permission`, `feature`, or `plan`, or that combines a billing check (`feature` or `plan`) with a role or permission check.\n\n\n```ts\n// Reverification combined with role / permission / feature / plan\nawait auth.protect({ permission: \u0027org:settings:delete\u0027, reverification: \u0027strict\u0027 });\nconst canAct = has({ role: \u0027org:admin\u0027, reverification: \u0027strict\u0027 });\n\n// Billing (feature / plan) combined with role / permission\nconst canAct = has({ permission: \u0027org:admin\u0027, feature: \u0027premium\u0027 });\n```\n\nSingle-condition checks are not affected and continue to fail closed as expected:\n\n```ts\nawait auth.protect({ permission: \u0027org:settings:delete\u0027 });\nhas({ reverification: \u0027strict\u0027 });\n```\n\nThe callback form of `auth.protect` is not affected unless the callback itself invokes one of the affected shapes:\n\n```ts\nawait auth.protect(has =\u003e has({ permission: \u0027org:X\u0027 }) \u0026\u0026 has({ reverification: \u0027strict\u0027 }));\n```\n\nApp patterns that rely only on single-condition checks, or that combine them via the callback form, are unaffected. Authentication, session state, and token verification continue to work correctly regardless of this bypass.\n\n`@clerk/shared` is usually not imported directly in application code, but the fix lives there and reaches an app through its framework package. If developers import `createCheckAuthorization` from `@clerk/shared` directly, their apps are also affected. Run `npm why @clerk/shared` (or the app\u0027s package manager\u0027s equivalent) to check the installed version.\n\n### Additional `auth.protect()` bypass\n\nA second, related bypass lives in `@clerk/nextjs`: `auth.protect()` silently discarded authorization params (`role`, `permission`, `feature`, `plan`, `reverification`) whenever the same argument object also contained `unauthenticatedUrl`, `unauthorizedUrl`, or `token`.\n\n### Recommended actions\n\nUpgrade to the latest patch release of the consuming app\u0027s framework package on its current major. Both Core 2 and Core 3 release lines have patches. See the \"Affected packages\" section above for the exact vulnerable ranges and patched versions per package.\n\nIf a consuming app pins `@clerk/clerk-js` directly, upgrade it to the patched version. Most apps load `@clerk/clerk-js` from Clerk\u0027s CDN through their framework package and will receive the fix automatically, with no upgrade step required.\n\n### Workaround\n\nIf developers cannot upgrade immediately, split combined `has()` or `auth.protect()` calls into sequential single-condition checks:\n\n```ts\n// Replace\nawait auth.protect({ permission: \u0027org:X\u0027, reverification: \u0027strict\u0027 });\n// With\nawait auth.protect({ reverification: \u0027strict\u0027 });\nawait auth.protect({ permission: \u0027org:X\u0027 });\n```\n\nEach single-condition check fails closed as expected, so evaluating them independently and denying if either fails produces the correct result.\n\n### Timeline\n\nThis issue was reported on 18 APR 2026, patched on 22 APR 2026, and publicly disclosed on 22 APR 2026.\n\nThanks to AISafe for the responsible disclosure of this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-w24r-5266-9c3c",
  "modified": "2026-05-13T14:04:09Z",
  "published": "2026-04-30T18:20:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/clerk/javascript/security/advisories/GHSA-w24r-5266-9c3c"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42349"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/clerk/javascript"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Clerk has an authorization bypass when combining organization, billing, or reverification checks"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-42349 (GCVE-0-2026-42349)

FKIE_CVE-2026-42349

GHSA-W24R-5266-9C3C

Summary

Who is affected

Additional auth.protect() bypass

Recommended actions

Workaround

Timeline

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Additional `auth.protect()` bypass