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CVE-2026-72247 (GCVE-0-2026-72247)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-15 05:54 – Updated: 2026-08-17 05:41
VLAI
Title
netfilter: nf_conncount: fix zone comparison in tuple dedup
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_conncount: fix zone comparison in tuple dedup The "already exists" dedup logic in __nf_conncount_add() decides whether a connection has already been counted and can be skipped instead of incrementing the connlimit count. It compares the conntrack zone of a list entry with the zone of the connection being added using nf_ct_zone_id() and nf_ct_zone_equal(), passing conn->zone.dir or zone->dir as the direction argument. Those helpers take enum ip_conntrack_dir values: IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL is 0 and IP_CT_DIR_REPLY is 1. However, zone->dir is a u8 bitmask: NF_CT_ZONE_DIR_ORIG is 1, NF_CT_ZONE_DIR_REPL is 2 and NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_DIR is 3. Passing that bitmask as the enum direction shifts the meaning of every non-zero value. An ORIG-only zone passes 1 and is tested as REPLY, while REPL-only and default zones pass 2 or 3 and test bits beyond the valid direction range. In those cases nf_ct_zone_id() can fall back to NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID instead of using the real zone id, so different zones can be treated as equal and dedup collapses to tuple equality alone. nf_conncount stores and compares the original-direction tuple for a connection. If an skb already has an attached conntrack entry, get_ct_or_tuple_from_skb() explicitly copies ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL].tuple, regardless of the packet's ctinfo. Therefore the zone comparison in the tuple dedup path must use IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL as well; the zone direction bitmask describes where a zone id applies, not which direction this conncount tuple represents. Fix the two dedup comparisons by passing IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL directly. Do not special-case NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_DIR and do not compare raw zone ids: using the existing helpers with IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL preserves the direction-aware NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID fallback. A default bidirectional zone contains the ORIG bit, so it naturally returns the real zone id; reply-only zones continue to fall back for original-direction tuple comparisons.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 21ba8847f857028dc83a0f341e16ecc616e34740 , < 82fc35e0da9a91db9a034f8311f18f77a599ae3f (git)
Affected: 21ba8847f857028dc83a0f341e16ecc616e34740 , < 78b5d6dbc860776161f9e9206b06ff8a01f531ab (git)
Affected: 21ba8847f857028dc83a0f341e16ecc616e34740 , < 4f30a89c0ed2418719a1144881c2635b940b543d (git)
Affected: 21ba8847f857028dc83a0f341e16ecc616e34740 , < 7bdc3c0985ecf17b957811fedcc684acdf698acc (git)
Affected: 21ba8847f857028dc83a0f341e16ecc616e34740 , < 35a56e2a46b90e6bd4ca816b80e9cb8d20dfc3ce (git)
Affected: 21ba8847f857028dc83a0f341e16ecc616e34740 , < 3cd9a5792cbea81139c24320986dd0db69e9b5d0 (git)
Affected: 21ba8847f857028dc83a0f341e16ecc616e34740 , < 6ff07ac5405bea4d4ead3559fc123f987576424a (git)
Affected: 21ba8847f857028dc83a0f341e16ecc616e34740 , < f62c41b4910e65da396ec9a8c40c1fe7fe82e449 (git)
Affected: 525e1dffed8711973f77412729621098a95238e5 (git)
Affected: 75af3d78168e654a5cd8bbc4c774f97be836165f (git)
Affected: 4.14.92 , < 4.15 (semver)
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Linux Linux Affected: 4.18
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.18 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.261 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.212 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.178 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.145 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.97 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.40 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.5 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nf_conncount: fix zone comparison in tuple dedup\n\nThe \"already exists\" dedup logic in __nf_conncount_add() decides\nwhether a connection has already been counted and can be skipped instead\nof incrementing the connlimit count.  It compares the conntrack zone of a\nlist entry with the zone of the connection being added using\nnf_ct_zone_id() and nf_ct_zone_equal(), passing conn-\u003ezone.dir or\nzone-\u003edir as the direction argument.\n\nThose helpers take enum ip_conntrack_dir values: IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL is 0\nand IP_CT_DIR_REPLY is 1.  However, zone-\u003edir is a u8 bitmask:\nNF_CT_ZONE_DIR_ORIG is 1, NF_CT_ZONE_DIR_REPL is 2 and\nNF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_DIR is 3.  Passing that bitmask as the enum direction\nshifts the meaning of every non-zero value.  An ORIG-only zone passes 1\nand is tested as REPLY, while REPL-only and default zones pass 2 or 3 and\ntest bits beyond the valid direction range.  In those cases\nnf_ct_zone_id() can fall back to NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID instead of using\nthe real zone id, so different zones can be treated as equal and dedup\ncollapses to tuple equality alone.\n\nnf_conncount stores and compares the original-direction tuple for a\nconnection.  If an skb already has an attached conntrack entry,\nget_ct_or_tuple_from_skb() explicitly copies\nct-\u003etuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL].tuple, regardless of the packet\u0027s\nctinfo.  Therefore the zone comparison in the tuple dedup path must use\nIP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL as well; the zone direction bitmask describes where a\nzone id applies, not which direction this conncount tuple represents.\n\nFix the two dedup comparisons by passing IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL directly.\nDo not special-case NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_DIR and do not compare raw zone\nids: using the existing helpers with IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL preserves the\ndirection-aware NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID fallback.  A default bidirectional\nzone contains the ORIG bit, so it naturally returns the real zone id;\nreply-only zones continue to fall back for original-direction tuple\ncomparisons."
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              "value": "AV:N - The bug is in __nf_conncount_add() on the netfilter packet path; remote peers drive it by sending traffic that hits xt_connlimit, nft_connlimit, or Open vSwitch conntrack zone-limit rules on internet-facing gateways and cloud hypervisors.\nAC:L - Once connlimit or OVS zone limits are deployed, an attacker can deterministically skew counts by opening many connections across conntrack zones; zone bitmask misuse makes different zones compare equal without races or victim-specific state.\nPR:N - Triggering requires only unauthenticated inbound packets matching existing connlimit rules; the attacker needs no credentials or capabilities on the target, only network reachability to the protected service.\nUI:N - Exploitation needs no action from any user or administrator beyond normal background connlimit deployment; the attacker autonomously sends connection traffic to provoke incorrect deduplication.\nS:U - Impact is confined to incorrect per-zone connection accounting inside the kernel netfilter/conntrack stack; it does not cross VM, container, or IOMMU security boundaries.\nC:N - This is a logic error in zone-aware tuple deduplication with no memory corruption, out-of-bounds access, use-after-free, or other information-disclosure primitive.\nI:N - No attacker-controlled kernel or application data is modified; only internal connection counters are wrong, with no memory writes or code-execution primitive.\nA:H - Undercounting lets attackers bypass per-zone connlimit/OVS limits and exhaust conntrack or service resources; overcounting can falsely hit limits and drop or reject legitimate new connections, causing sustained denial of service."
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        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T05:41:58.867Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/82fc35e0da9a91db9a034f8311f18f77a599ae3f"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/78b5d6dbc860776161f9e9206b06ff8a01f531ab"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4f30a89c0ed2418719a1144881c2635b940b543d"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7bdc3c0985ecf17b957811fedcc684acdf698acc"
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        {
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      "title": "netfilter: nf_conncount: fix zone comparison in tuple dedup",
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    "cveId": "CVE-2026-72247",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-15T05:54:35.201Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-09T03:40:39.914Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T05:41:58.867Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-72247",
      "date": "2026-09-11",
      "epss": "0.00696",
      "percentile": "0.50961"
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    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-72247\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-08-15T06:21:51.887\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-08-17T06:18:26.563\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Received\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nnetfilter: nf_conncount: fix zone comparison in tuple dedup\\n\\nThe \\\"already exists\\\" dedup logic in __nf_conncount_add() decides\\nwhether a connection has already been counted and can be skipped instead\\nof incrementing the connlimit count.  It compares the conntrack zone of a\\nlist entry with the zone of the connection being added using\\nnf_ct_zone_id() and nf_ct_zone_equal(), passing conn-\u003ezone.dir or\\nzone-\u003edir as the direction argument.\\n\\nThose helpers take enum ip_conntrack_dir values: IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL is 0\\nand IP_CT_DIR_REPLY is 1.  However, zone-\u003edir is a u8 bitmask:\\nNF_CT_ZONE_DIR_ORIG is 1, NF_CT_ZONE_DIR_REPL is 2 and\\nNF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_DIR is 3.  Passing that bitmask as the enum direction\\nshifts the meaning of every non-zero value.  An ORIG-only zone passes 1\\nand is tested as REPLY, while REPL-only and default zones pass 2 or 3 and\\ntest bits beyond the valid direction range.  In those cases\\nnf_ct_zone_id() can fall back to NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID instead of using\\nthe real zone id, so different zones can be treated as equal and dedup\\ncollapses to tuple equality alone.\\n\\nnf_conncount stores and compares the original-direction tuple for a\\nconnection.  If an skb already has an attached conntrack entry,\\nget_ct_or_tuple_from_skb() explicitly copies\\nct-\u003etuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL].tuple, regardless of the packet\u0027s\\nctinfo.  Therefore the zone comparison in the tuple dedup path must use\\nIP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL as well; the zone direction bitmask describes where a\\nzone id applies, not which direction this conncount tuple represents.\\n\\nFix the two dedup comparisons by passing IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL directly.\\nDo not special-case NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_DIR and do not compare raw zone\\nids: using the existing helpers with IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL preserves the\\ndirection-aware NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID fallback.  A default bidirectional\\nzone contains the ORIG bit, so it naturally returns the real zone id;\\nreply-only zones continue to fall back for original-direction tuple\\ncomparisons.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/netfilter/nf_conncount.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"21ba8847f857028dc83a0f341e16ecc616e34740\",\"lessThan\":\"82fc35e0da9a91db9a034f8311f18f77a599ae3f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"21ba8847f857028dc83a0f341e16ecc616e34740\",\"lessThan\":\"78b5d6dbc860776161f9e9206b06ff8a01f531ab\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"21ba8847f857028dc83a0f341e16ecc616e34740\",\"lessThan\":\"4f30a89c0ed2418719a1144881c2635b940b543d\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"21ba8847f857028dc83a0f341e16ecc616e34740\",\"lessThan\":\"7bdc3c0985ecf17b957811fedcc684acdf698acc\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"21ba8847f857028dc83a0f341e16ecc616e34740\",\"lessThan\":\"35a56e2a46b90e6bd4ca816b80e9cb8d20dfc3ce\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"21ba8847f857028dc83a0f341e16ecc616e34740\",\"lessThan\":\"3cd9a5792cbea81139c24320986dd0db69e9b5d0\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"21ba8847f857028dc83a0f341e16ecc616e34740\",\"lessThan\":\"6ff07ac5405bea4d4ead3559fc123f987576424a\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"21ba8847f857028dc83a0f341e16ecc616e34740\",\"lessThan\":\"f62c41b4910e65da396ec9a8c40c1fe7fe82e449\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"525e1dffed8711973f77412729621098a95238e5\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"75af3d78168e654a5cd8bbc4c774f97be836165f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"4.14.92\",\"lessThan\":\"4.15\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/netfilter/nf_conncount.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"4.18\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"4.18\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.261\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.212\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.178\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.145\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.97\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.40\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1.5\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.2\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":3.6}]},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/35a56e2a46b90e6bd4ca816b80e9cb8d20dfc3ce\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3cd9a5792cbea81139c24320986dd0db69e9b5d0\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4f30a89c0ed2418719a1144881c2635b940b543d\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6ff07ac5405bea4d4ead3559fc123f987576424a\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/78b5d6dbc860776161f9e9206b06ff8a01f531ab\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7bdc3c0985ecf17b957811fedcc684acdf698acc\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/82fc35e0da9a91db9a034f8311f18f77a599ae3f\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f62c41b4910e65da396ec9a8c40c1fe7fe82e449\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-17T16:26:24+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-72247",
      "id": "CVE-2026-72247",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-15T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "232",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "42",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: netfilter: nf_conncount: fix zone comparison in tuple dedup",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-72247.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-31T16:26:31Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-72247",
      "id": "CVE-2026-72247",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-31T16:26:31Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "228",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "134",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-72247",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-72247.json",
      "version": "2"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.