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CVE-2026-74691 (GCVE-0-2026-74691)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-22 15:32 – Updated: 2026-08-25 05:41
VLAI
Title
net: thunderbolt: Tear down DMA paths before stopping the rings
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: thunderbolt: Tear down DMA paths before stopping the rings tbnet_tear_down() stops both rings and frees their frame buffers before calling tb_xdomain_disable_paths(). tb_ring_stop() zeroes the ring's descriptor base and tbnet_free_buffers() unmaps and frees the pages the frames sit in, so by the time __tb_path_deactivate_hop() polls the hop's 'pending' bit, anything still in flight has nowhere to drain to. The teardown sequence has been in this order since the driver was added. The setup path has not: commit ff7cd07f3064 ("net: thunderbolt: Enable DMA paths only after rings are enabled") moved the path enable to the end of tbnet_connected_work() and documented why: /* Both logins successful so enable the rings, high-speed DMA * paths and start the network device queue. * * Note we enable the DMA paths last to make sure we have primed * the Rx ring before any incoming packets are allowed to * arrive. */ Teardown was never updated to match, so the rings and the paths now come down in the same order they go up instead of in reverse. On an ASMedia ASM4242 host router the 'pending' bit then never clears: every teardown burns the full 500 ms timeout and __tb_path_deactivate_hop() returns -ETIMEDOUT. Raising the timeout to 5 s does not help, so the hop is not slow to drain, it never drains at all. The failure is invisible above the thunderbolt core. __tb_path_deactivate_hops() is void and only calls tb_port_warn(); tb_path_deactivate(), tb_tunnel_deactivate() and __tb_disconnect_xdomain_paths() are void as well, and tb_disconnect_xdomain_paths() ends in an unconditional "return 0". So tb_xdomain_disable_paths() reports success and the netdev_warn() below it never fires. Repeated teardowns eventually take the XDomain control channel down, after which the peer node is gone and only a power cycle brings the controller back. Deactivating the paths first fixes it. Measured with kretprobes on a stock v6.17 tree with no other patches applied, on a link that was up and had just carried traffic: before: __tb_path_deactivate_hop() returns 0 for the first hop, then -ETIMEDOUT for the second 500335 us later after: 0 for both, 525 us apart Alternating the two orderings ABBA over three load levels, four teardowns per arm: every teardown failed before the change (21 of 21 that ran), none failed after (0 of 24). The before arms ran short because the link died partway through. The same split shows up when the interface is enslaved to a bond instead of just brought down, which is how I ran into this in the first place. Throughput and latency after the change are unchanged. Hosts whose routers drain the hop despite the stale descriptor base see no functional difference, since the paths end up deactivated either way.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: e69b6c02b4c3b8d03be7136f90dd9551ad5a5a5e , < 7cce39109206bc5497e0953806563644b88bfc44 (git)
Affected: e69b6c02b4c3b8d03be7136f90dd9551ad5a5a5e , < 0da9a6d27155ad072dd76db8cd637feead99a0e0 (git)
Affected: e69b6c02b4c3b8d03be7136f90dd9551ad5a5a5e , < b5a21615f627c48dafaa6ef82a34a5b97a4352aa (git)
Affected: e69b6c02b4c3b8d03be7136f90dd9551ad5a5a5e , < 103a9b663ac1cacb8465aeff18f84a247154a562 (git)
Affected: e69b6c02b4c3b8d03be7136f90dd9551ad5a5a5e , < 4dd71cb0d23d40cb58fe4261c7bd183dca66caa0 (git)
Affected: e69b6c02b4c3b8d03be7136f90dd9551ad5a5a5e , < 9a482b2b117e5fa656b6d24fc01799e8ac2d4368 (git)
Affected: e69b6c02b4c3b8d03be7136f90dd9551ad5a5a5e , < 68bf02b6b4ad3f748c6db71fd77b6c0402d252f4 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 4.15
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.15 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.216 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.183 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.152 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.104 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.45 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.9 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: thunderbolt: Tear down DMA paths before stopping the rings\n\ntbnet_tear_down() stops both rings and frees their frame buffers before\ncalling tb_xdomain_disable_paths().  tb_ring_stop() zeroes the ring\u0027s\ndescriptor base and tbnet_free_buffers() unmaps and frees the pages the\nframes sit in, so by the time __tb_path_deactivate_hop() polls the hop\u0027s\n\u0027pending\u0027 bit, anything still in flight has nowhere to drain to.\n\nThe teardown sequence has been in this order since the driver was added.\nThe setup path has not: commit ff7cd07f3064 (\"net: thunderbolt: Enable\nDMA paths only after rings are enabled\") moved the path enable to the end\nof tbnet_connected_work() and documented why:\n\n\t/* Both logins successful so enable the rings, high-speed DMA\n\t * paths and start the network device queue.\n\t *\n\t * Note we enable the DMA paths last to make sure we have primed\n\t * the Rx ring before any incoming packets are allowed to\n\t * arrive.\n\t */\n\nTeardown was never updated to match, so the rings and the paths now come\ndown in the same order they go up instead of in reverse.\n\nOn an ASMedia ASM4242 host router the \u0027pending\u0027 bit then never clears:\nevery teardown burns the full 500 ms timeout and\n__tb_path_deactivate_hop() returns -ETIMEDOUT.  Raising the timeout to\n5 s does not help, so the hop is not slow to drain, it never drains\nat all.\n\nThe failure is invisible above the thunderbolt core.\n__tb_path_deactivate_hops() is void and only calls tb_port_warn();\ntb_path_deactivate(), tb_tunnel_deactivate() and\n__tb_disconnect_xdomain_paths() are void as well, and\ntb_disconnect_xdomain_paths() ends in an unconditional \"return 0\".  So\ntb_xdomain_disable_paths() reports success and the netdev_warn() below\nit never fires.  Repeated teardowns eventually take the XDomain control\nchannel down, after which the peer node is gone and only a power cycle\nbrings the controller back.\n\nDeactivating the paths first fixes it.  Measured with kretprobes on a\nstock v6.17 tree with no other patches applied, on a link that was up\nand had just carried traffic:\n\n  before: __tb_path_deactivate_hop() returns 0 for the first hop, then\n          -ETIMEDOUT for the second 500335 us later\n  after:  0 for both, 525 us apart\n\nAlternating the two orderings ABBA over three load levels, four\nteardowns per arm: every teardown failed before the change (21 of 21\nthat ran), none failed after (0 of 24).  The before arms ran short\nbecause the link died partway through.  The same split shows up when\nthe interface is enslaved to a bond instead of just brought down, which\nis how I ran into this in the first place.  Throughput and latency after\nthe change are unchanged.\n\nHosts whose routers drain the hop despite the stale descriptor base see\nno functional difference, since the paths end up deactivated either way."
        }
      ],
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          "cvssV3_1": {
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
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            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:A - The bug is reached when tbnet_tear_down() runs during ThunderboltIP session teardown; a malicious peer on the same direct Thunderbolt/USB4 link can send TBIP_LOGOUT over XDomain to queue disconnect_work without any local syscall, matching the adjacent-peer model used for other tbnet CVEs.\nAC:L - On affected host routers (e.g. ASMedia ASM4242) the reporter measured 21/21 failed teardowns versus 0/24 after the fix; an adjacent peer can reliably trigger teardown during active traffic by sending logout or forcing reconnect cycles without races or layout dependencies.\nPR:N - No Linux account, capability, or init-namespace privilege is required on the victim; any Thunderbolt/USB4 peer that completes the automatic ThunderboltIP login handshake can send TBIP_LOGOUT to invoke tbnet_handle_packet() and reach the vulnerable teardown path.\nUI:N - Once a ThunderboltIP session is established, which is typical for docks, direct laptop links, and bonded interfaces, the peer can trigger the faulty teardown repeatedly without further victim interaction beyond the existing cable connection.\nS:U - Impact is confined to the host kernel Thunderbolt controller and XDomain networking stack (hop drain failure, control-channel loss, power-cycle recovery) and does not cross VM, container, or IOMMU isolation boundaries.\nC:H - Stopping rings and calling tbnet_free_buffers() unmaps and frees RX/TX frame pages before tb_xdomain_disable_paths() drains hops; with pending in-flight Thunderbolt DMA this teardown race can expose or corrupt repurposed kernel memory, satisfying the higher-severity memory-corruption class when impact is uncertain.\nI:H - The same premature buffer unmap/free while DMA paths remain active can let in-flight NHI DMA target freed frame pages, enabling attacker-influenced kernel memory writes or control-flow corruption beyond the observed controller hang.\nA:H - Repeated teardowns leave hops stuck pending, eventually kill the XDomain control channel, and strand the peer until a full power cycle; bond enslavement and interface down paths also reliably trigger this denial of service on vulnerable hardware."
            }
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        }
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      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-25T05:41:36.384Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7cce39109206bc5497e0953806563644b88bfc44"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0da9a6d27155ad072dd76db8cd637feead99a0e0"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b5a21615f627c48dafaa6ef82a34a5b97a4352aa"
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        {
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68bf02b6b4ad3f748c6db71fd77b6c0402d252f4"
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      ],
      "title": "net: thunderbolt: Tear down DMA paths before stopping the rings",
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    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-74691",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-22T15:32:55.258Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-15T05:44:03.926Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-25T05:41:36.384Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-74691",
      "date": "2026-09-17",
      "epss": "0.00256",
      "percentile": "0.17516"
    },
    "microsoft_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-24T14:51:44.000Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-74691",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2026-74691",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-24T01:08:59.000Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "1",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "net: thunderbolt: Tear down DMA paths before stopping the rings",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-74691.json",
      "version": "2"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-74691\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-08-22T16:16:43.527\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-08-25T06:18:52.440\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Received\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nnet: thunderbolt: Tear down DMA paths before stopping the rings\\n\\ntbnet_tear_down() stops both rings and frees their frame buffers before\\ncalling tb_xdomain_disable_paths().  tb_ring_stop() zeroes the ring\u0027s\\ndescriptor base and tbnet_free_buffers() unmaps and frees the pages the\\nframes sit in, so by the time __tb_path_deactivate_hop() polls the hop\u0027s\\n\u0027pending\u0027 bit, anything still in flight has nowhere to drain to.\\n\\nThe teardown sequence has been in this order since the driver was added.\\nThe setup path has not: commit ff7cd07f3064 (\\\"net: thunderbolt: Enable\\nDMA paths only after rings are enabled\\\") moved the path enable to the end\\nof tbnet_connected_work() and documented why:\\n\\n\\t/* Both logins successful so enable the rings, high-speed DMA\\n\\t * paths and start the network device queue.\\n\\t *\\n\\t * Note we enable the DMA paths last to make sure we have primed\\n\\t * the Rx ring before any incoming packets are allowed to\\n\\t * arrive.\\n\\t */\\n\\nTeardown was never updated to match, so the rings and the paths now come\\ndown in the same order they go up instead of in reverse.\\n\\nOn an ASMedia ASM4242 host router the \u0027pending\u0027 bit then never clears:\\nevery teardown burns the full 500 ms timeout and\\n__tb_path_deactivate_hop() returns -ETIMEDOUT.  Raising the timeout to\\n5 s does not help, so the hop is not slow to drain, it never drains\\nat all.\\n\\nThe failure is invisible above the thunderbolt core.\\n__tb_path_deactivate_hops() is void and only calls tb_port_warn();\\ntb_path_deactivate(), tb_tunnel_deactivate() and\\n__tb_disconnect_xdomain_paths() are void as well, and\\ntb_disconnect_xdomain_paths() ends in an unconditional \\\"return 0\\\".  So\\ntb_xdomain_disable_paths() reports success and the netdev_warn() below\\nit never fires.  Repeated teardowns eventually take the XDomain control\\nchannel down, after which the peer node is gone and only a power cycle\\nbrings the controller back.\\n\\nDeactivating the paths first fixes it.  Measured with kretprobes on a\\nstock v6.17 tree with no other patches applied, on a link that was up\\nand had just carried traffic:\\n\\n  before: __tb_path_deactivate_hop() returns 0 for the first hop, then\\n          -ETIMEDOUT for the second 500335 us later\\n  after:  0 for both, 525 us apart\\n\\nAlternating the two orderings ABBA over three load levels, four\\nteardowns per arm: every teardown failed before the change (21 of 21\\nthat ran), none failed after (0 of 24).  The before arms ran short\\nbecause the link died partway through.  The same split shows up when\\nthe interface is enslaved to a bond instead of just brought down, which\\nis how I ran into this in the first place.  Throughput and latency after\\nthe change are unchanged.\\n\\nHosts whose routers drain the hop despite the stale descriptor base see\\nno functional difference, since the paths end up deactivated either way.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"drivers/net/thunderbolt/main.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"e69b6c02b4c3b8d03be7136f90dd9551ad5a5a5e\",\"lessThan\":\"7cce39109206bc5497e0953806563644b88bfc44\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e69b6c02b4c3b8d03be7136f90dd9551ad5a5a5e\",\"lessThan\":\"0da9a6d27155ad072dd76db8cd637feead99a0e0\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e69b6c02b4c3b8d03be7136f90dd9551ad5a5a5e\",\"lessThan\":\"b5a21615f627c48dafaa6ef82a34a5b97a4352aa\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e69b6c02b4c3b8d03be7136f90dd9551ad5a5a5e\",\"lessThan\":\"103a9b663ac1cacb8465aeff18f84a247154a562\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e69b6c02b4c3b8d03be7136f90dd9551ad5a5a5e\",\"lessThan\":\"4dd71cb0d23d40cb58fe4261c7bd183dca66caa0\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e69b6c02b4c3b8d03be7136f90dd9551ad5a5a5e\",\"lessThan\":\"9a482b2b117e5fa656b6d24fc01799e8ac2d4368\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e69b6c02b4c3b8d03be7136f90dd9551ad5a5a5e\",\"lessThan\":\"68bf02b6b4ad3f748c6db71fd77b6c0402d252f4\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"drivers/net/thunderbolt/main.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"4.15\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"4.15\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.216\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.183\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.152\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.104\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.45\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1.9\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.2\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":8.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"ADJACENT_NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0da9a6d27155ad072dd76db8cd637feead99a0e0\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/103a9b663ac1cacb8465aeff18f84a247154a562\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4dd71cb0d23d40cb58fe4261c7bd183dca66caa0\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68bf02b6b4ad3f748c6db71fd77b6c0402d252f4\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7cce39109206bc5497e0953806563644b88bfc44\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9a482b2b117e5fa656b6d24fc01799e8ac2d4368\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b5a21615f627c48dafaa6ef82a34a5b97a4352aa\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}",
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-10T01:58:01Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-74691",
      "id": "CVE-2026-74691",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-23T00:04:30Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "263",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "94",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-74691",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-74691.json",
      "version": "5"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.