CVE-2026-77454 (GCVE-0-2026-77454)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-30 12:01 – Updated: 2026-08-31 15:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
exists/2 predicate silently dropped on limited relationships with a parent() filter in AshSql
Summary
Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in ash-project ash_sql allows a caller to bypass a scoping or authorization filter expressed as exists/2 over a relationship that declares both a limit (or from_many?) and a parent(...)-referencing filter or sort.
AshSql.Join.related_query/3 skips the caller-supplied exists predicate for such relationships and delegates it to limit_from_many/5. When the relationship's own filter or sort references parent(...), limit_from_many/5 takes a branch that drops both the limit and the predicate, emitting a bare correlated EXISTS with no predicate. The check then matches any record that has any related row. Most severely, when the expression backs a policy (for example authorize_if expr(exists(memberships, user_id == ^actor(:id)))), the actor-scoping condition disappears and the policy passes for any actor with any related row.
This issue affects ash_sql: from 0.4.1 before 0.7.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-31 14:59 UTC
CWE
- CWE-863 - Incorrect Authorization
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql/security/a… | vendor-advisoryrelated |
| https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-77454.html | related |
| https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-77454 | related |
| https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql/commit/865… | patch |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ash-project | ash_sql |
Affected:
0.4.1 , < 0.7.1
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_sql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
||
| ash-project | ash_sql |
Affected:
e26a63b29bd7501505fafd726f14262cdc3b6629 , < 865fdd4e5e70724a23b19c048e6768c31d2209ab
(git)
cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_sql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eAn application must use \u003ccode\u003eexists/2\u003c/code\u003e (in a filter or a policy) over a relationship that declares both a limit or \u003ccode\u003efrom_many?\u003c/code\u003e and a filter or sort that references \u003ccode\u003eparent(...)\u003c/code\u003e. The predicate supplied to \u003ccode\u003eexists/2\u003c/code\u003e is the one that is dropped.\u003c/p\u003e"
},
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/markdown",
"value": "An application must use `exists/2` (in a filter or a policy) over a relationship that declares both a limit or `from_many?` and a filter or sort that references `parent(...)`. The predicate supplied to `exists/2` is the one that is dropped."
}
],
"value": "An application must use exists/2 (in a filter or a policy) over a relationship that declares both a limit or from_many? and a filter or sort that references parent(...). The predicate supplied to exists/2 is the one that is dropped."
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_sql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "0.7.1",
"versionStartIncluding": "0.4.1",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"operator": "AND"
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Peter Ullrich"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"value": "Peter Ullrich"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "remediation developer",
"value": "Zach Daniel / Ash Project"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "coordinator",
"value": "Jonatan M\u00e4nnchen / EEF"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eIncorrect Authorization vulnerability in ash-project ash_sql allows a caller to bypass a scoping or authorization filter expressed as \u003ccode\u003eexists/2\u003c/code\u003e over a relationship that declares both a limit (or \u003ccode\u003efrom_many?\u003c/code\u003e) and a \u003ccode\u003eparent(...)\u003c/code\u003e-referencing filter or sort.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003eAshSql.Join.related_query/3\u003c/code\u003e skips the caller-supplied \u003ccode\u003eexists\u003c/code\u003e predicate for such relationships and delegates it to \u003ccode\u003elimit_from_many/5\u003c/code\u003e. When the relationship\u0027s own filter or sort references \u003ccode\u003eparent(...)\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003elimit_from_many/5\u003c/code\u003e takes a branch that drops both the limit and the predicate, emitting a bare correlated \u003ccode\u003eEXISTS\u003c/code\u003e with no predicate. The check then matches any record that has any related row. Most severely, when the expression backs a policy (for example \u003ccode\u003eauthorize_if expr(exists(memberships, user_id == ^actor(:id)))\u003c/code\u003e), the actor-scoping condition disappears and the policy passes for any actor with any related row.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects ash_sql: from 0.4.1 before 0.7.1.\u003c/p\u003e"
},
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/markdown",
"value": "Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in ash-project ash_sql allows a caller to bypass a scoping or authorization filter expressed as `exists/2` over a relationship that declares both a limit (or `from_many?`) and a `parent(...)`-referencing filter or sort.\n\n`AshSql.Join.related_query/3` skips the caller-supplied `exists` predicate for such relationships and delegates it to `limit_from_many/5`. When the relationship\u0027s own filter or sort references `parent(...)`, `limit_from_many/5` takes a branch that drops both the limit and the predicate, emitting a bare correlated `EXISTS` with no predicate. The check then matches any record that has any related row. Most severely, when the expression backs a policy (for example `authorize_if expr(exists(memberships, user_id == ^actor(:id)))`), the actor-scoping condition disappears and the policy passes for any actor with any related row.\n\nThis issue affects ash_sql: from 0.4.1 before 0.7.1."
}
],
"value": "Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in ash-project ash_sql allows a caller to bypass a scoping or authorization filter expressed as exists/2 over a relationship that declares both a limit (or from_many?) and a parent(...)-referencing filter or sort.\n\nAshSql.Join.related_query/3 skips the caller-supplied exists predicate for such relationships and delegates it to limit_from_many/5. When the relationship\u0027s own filter or sort references parent(...), limit_from_many/5 takes a branch that drops both the limit and the predicate, emitting a bare correlated EXISTS with no predicate. The check then matches any record that has any related row. Most severely, when the expression backs a policy (for example authorize_if expr(exists(memberships, user_id == ^actor(:id)))), the actor-scoping condition disappears and the policy passes for any actor with any related row.\n\nThis issue affects ash_sql: from 0.4.1 before 0.7.1."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-1",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-1 Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"baseScore": 5.9,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-863",
"description": "CWE-863 Incorrect Authorization",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-30T12:01:23.862Z",
"orgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
"shortName": "EEF"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"related"
],
"url": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql/security/advisories/GHSA-8v9m-8pxv-738c"
},
{
"tags": [
"related"
],
"url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-77454.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"related"
],
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-77454"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql/commit/865fdd4e5e70724a23b19c048e6768c31d2209ab"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "exists/2 predicate silently dropped on limited relationships with a parent() filter in AshSql"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
"assignerShortName": "EEF",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-77454",
"datePublished": "2026-08-30T12:01:23.862Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-08-30T04:45:01.559Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-31T15:00:02.165Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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