Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-78175 (GCVE-0-2026-78175)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-12 07:39 – Updated: 2026-09-12 07:39

Title

Tutor LMS <= 4.0.7 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) PHP Object Injection to Remote Code Execution

Summary

The Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to PHP Object Injection in all versions up to, and including, 4.0.7 via the `withdraw_method_field` parameter of the `tutor_save_withdraw_account` AJAX handler. This is due to the handler lacking any capability or role check, relying solely on a nonce, while also passing attacker-supplied values through `esc_sql()`, which replaces every `%` character with a 66-byte HMAC placeholder token before the data is serialized and stored via `update_user_meta()`; when the meta is later retrieved, the placeholder is collapsed back to a single `%`, leaving serialized string length declarations 65 bytes greater than the actual content, and because array keys originate from entirely unescaped POST field names, `unserialize()` over-reads into attacker-controlled bytes, allowing injection of an arbitrary serialized object stream. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to achieve remote code execution on the server by triggering the `GuzzleHttp\Cookie\FileCookieJar` POP chain, reachable via the `spl_autoload_register` loader in `TUTOR\RestAPI` which loads the plugin's own bundled PayPal Composer autoloader, writing attacker-controlled content to an attacker-specified filename. This has an unauthenticated pathway when user registration is enabled, which is common for students and teachers to register, and it requires the monetization feature to be enabled.

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE

CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data

Assigner

Wordfence mitre root

References

7 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?repo…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
themeum	Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution	Affected: 0 , ≤ 4.0.7 (semver)	guessed

Credits

Chloe Chamberland Wordfence Argus

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Tutor LMS \u2013 eLearning and online course solution",
          "vendor": "themeum",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "4.0.7",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Chloe Chamberland"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Wordfence Argus"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "The Tutor LMS \u2013 eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to PHP Object Injection in all versions up to, and including, 4.0.7 via the `withdraw_method_field` parameter of the `tutor_save_withdraw_account` AJAX handler. This is due to the handler lacking any capability or role check, relying solely on a nonce, while also passing attacker-supplied values through `esc_sql()`, which replaces every `%` character with a 66-byte HMAC placeholder token before the data is serialized and stored via `update_user_meta()`; when the meta is later retrieved, the placeholder is collapsed back to a single `%`, leaving serialized string length declarations 65 bytes greater than the actual content, and because array keys originate from entirely unescaped POST field names, `unserialize()` over-reads into attacker-controlled bytes, allowing injection of an arbitrary serialized object stream. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to achieve remote code execution on the server by triggering the `GuzzleHttp\\Cookie\\FileCookieJar` POP chain, reachable via the `spl_autoload_register` loader in `TUTOR\\RestAPI` which loads the plugin\u0027s own bundled PayPal Composer autoloader, writing attacker-controlled content to an attacker-specified filename. This has an unauthenticated pathway when user registration is enabled, which is common for students and teachers to register, and it requires the monetization feature to be enabled."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 8.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-502",
              "description": "CWE-502 Deserialization of Untrusted Data",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-12T07:39:15.920Z",
        "orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
        "shortName": "Wordfence"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/d0077d56-11e7-4e74-abe0-63e81db67be3?source=cve"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L213"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L217"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L204"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L44"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/RestAPI.php#L190"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?reponame=\u0026old=3690454%40tutor\u0026new=3690454%40tutor"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-08-23T15:54:24.000Z",
          "value": "Vendor Notified"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-11T18:49:43.000Z",
          "value": "Disclosed"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Tutor LMS \u003c= 4.0.7 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) PHP Object Injection to Remote Code Execution"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
    "assignerShortName": "Wordfence",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-78175",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-12T07:39:15.920Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-23T15:39:15.798Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-12T07:39:15.920Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-78175\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security@wordfence.com\",\"published\":\"2026-09-12T08:16:24.507\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-09-12T08:16:24.507\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Received\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"The Tutor LMS \u2013 eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to PHP Object Injection in all versions up to, and including, 4.0.7 via the `withdraw_method_field` parameter of the `tutor_save_withdraw_account` AJAX handler. This is due to the handler lacking any capability or role check, relying solely on a nonce, while also passing attacker-supplied values through `esc_sql()`, which replaces every `%` character with a 66-byte HMAC placeholder token before the data is serialized and stored via `update_user_meta()`; when the meta is later retrieved, the placeholder is collapsed back to a single `%`, leaving serialized string length declarations 65 bytes greater than the actual content, and because array keys originate from entirely unescaped POST field names, `unserialize()` over-reads into attacker-controlled bytes, allowing injection of an arbitrary serialized object stream. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to achieve remote code execution on the server by triggering the `GuzzleHttp\\\\Cookie\\\\FileCookieJar` POP chain, reachable via the `spl_autoload_register` loader in `TUTOR\\\\RestAPI` which loads the plugin\u0027s own bundled PayPal Composer autoloader, writing attacker-controlled content to an attacker-specified filename. This has an unauthenticated pathway when user registration is enabled, which is common for students and teachers to register, and it requires the monetization feature to be enabled.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"security@wordfence.com\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"themeum\",\"product\":\"Tutor LMS \u2013 eLearning and online course solution\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"4.0.7\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"security@wordfence.com\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":8.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security@wordfence.com\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-502\"}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/RestAPI.php#L190\",\"source\":\"security@wordfence.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L204\",\"source\":\"security@wordfence.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L213\",\"source\":\"security@wordfence.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L217\",\"source\":\"security@wordfence.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L44\",\"source\":\"security@wordfence.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?reponame=\u0026old=3690454%40tutor\u0026new=3690454%40tutor\",\"source\":\"security@wordfence.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/d0077d56-11e7-4e74-abe0-63e81db67be3?source=cve\",\"source\":\"security@wordfence.com\"}]}}"
  }
}

FKIE_CVE-2026-78175

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-09-12 08:16 - Updated: 2026-09-12 08:16

Severity

8.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security@wordfence.com	https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/RestAPI.php#L190
	security@wordfence.com	https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L204
	security@wordfence.com	https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L213
	security@wordfence.com	https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L217
	security@wordfence.com	https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L44
	security@wordfence.com	https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?reponame=&old=3690454%40tutor&new=3690454%40tutor
	security@wordfence.com	https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/d0077d56-11e7-4e74-abe0-63e81db67be3?source=cve

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Tutor LMS \u2013 eLearning and online course solution",
          "vendor": "themeum",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "4.0.7",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "security@wordfence.com"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "The Tutor LMS \u2013 eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to PHP Object Injection in all versions up to, and including, 4.0.7 via the `withdraw_method_field` parameter of the `tutor_save_withdraw_account` AJAX handler. This is due to the handler lacking any capability or role check, relying solely on a nonce, while also passing attacker-supplied values through `esc_sql()`, which replaces every `%` character with a 66-byte HMAC placeholder token before the data is serialized and stored via `update_user_meta()`; when the meta is later retrieved, the placeholder is collapsed back to a single `%`, leaving serialized string length declarations 65 bytes greater than the actual content, and because array keys originate from entirely unescaped POST field names, `unserialize()` over-reads into attacker-controlled bytes, allowing injection of an arbitrary serialized object stream. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to achieve remote code execution on the server by triggering the `GuzzleHttp\\Cookie\\FileCookieJar` POP chain, reachable via the `spl_autoload_register` loader in `TUTOR\\RestAPI` which loads the plugin\u0027s own bundled PayPal Composer autoloader, writing attacker-controlled content to an attacker-specified filename. This has an unauthenticated pathway when user registration is enabled, which is common for students and teachers to register, and it requires the monetization feature to be enabled."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-78175",
  "lastModified": "2026-09-12T08:16:24.507",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 8.8,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "security@wordfence.com",
        "type": "Primary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-09-12T08:16:24.507",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security@wordfence.com",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/RestAPI.php#L190"
    },
    {
      "source": "security@wordfence.com",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L204"
    },
    {
      "source": "security@wordfence.com",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L213"
    },
    {
      "source": "security@wordfence.com",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L217"
    },
    {
      "source": "security@wordfence.com",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L44"
    },
    {
      "source": "security@wordfence.com",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?reponame=\u0026old=3690454%40tutor\u0026new=3690454%40tutor"
    },
    {
      "source": "security@wordfence.com",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/d0077d56-11e7-4e74-abe0-63e81db67be3?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security@wordfence.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Received",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-502"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security@wordfence.com",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-CG5C-MG8J-JQC2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-12 09:33 – Updated: 2026-09-12 09:33

Details

The Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to PHP Object Injection in all versions up to, and including, 4.0.7 via the withdraw_method_field parameter of the tutor_save_withdraw_account AJAX handler. This is due to the handler lacking any capability or role check, relying solely on a nonce, while also passing attacker-supplied values through esc_sql(), which replaces every % character with a 66-byte HMAC placeholder token before the data is serialized and stored via update_user_meta(); when the meta is later retrieved, the placeholder is collapsed back to a single %, leaving serialized string length declarations 65 bytes greater than the actual content, and because array keys originate from entirely unescaped POST field names, unserialize() over-reads into attacker-controlled bytes, allowing injection of an arbitrary serialized object stream. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to achieve remote code execution on the server by triggering the GuzzleHttp\Cookie\FileCookieJar POP chain, reachable via the spl_autoload_register loader in TUTOR\RestAPI which loads the plugin's own bundled PayPal Composer autoloader, writing attacker-controlled content to an attacker-specified filename. This has an unauthenticated pathway when user registration is enabled, which is common for students and teachers to register, and it requires the monetization feature to be enabled.

Severity

8.8 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-78175"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-12T08:16:24Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Tutor LMS \u2013 eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to PHP Object Injection in all versions up to, and including, 4.0.7 via the `withdraw_method_field` parameter of the `tutor_save_withdraw_account` AJAX handler. This is due to the handler lacking any capability or role check, relying solely on a nonce, while also passing attacker-supplied values through `esc_sql()`, which replaces every `%` character with a 66-byte HMAC placeholder token before the data is serialized and stored via `update_user_meta()`; when the meta is later retrieved, the placeholder is collapsed back to a single `%`, leaving serialized string length declarations 65 bytes greater than the actual content, and because array keys originate from entirely unescaped POST field names, `unserialize()` over-reads into attacker-controlled bytes, allowing injection of an arbitrary serialized object stream. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to achieve remote code execution on the server by triggering the `GuzzleHttp\\Cookie\\FileCookieJar` POP chain, reachable via the `spl_autoload_register` loader in `TUTOR\\RestAPI` which loads the plugin\u0027s own bundled PayPal Composer autoloader, writing attacker-controlled content to an attacker-specified filename. This has an unauthenticated pathway when user registration is enabled, which is common for students and teachers to register, and it requires the monetization feature to be enabled.",
  "id": "GHSA-cg5c-mg8j-jqc2",
  "modified": "2026-09-12T09:33:35Z",
  "published": "2026-09-12T09:33:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-78175"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/RestAPI.php#L190"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L204"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L213"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L217"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.7/classes/Withdraw.php#L44"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?reponame=\u0026old=3690454%40tutor\u0026new=3690454%40tutor"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/d0077d56-11e7-4e74-abe0-63e81db67be3?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-78175 (GCVE-0-2026-78175)

FKIE_CVE-2026-78175

GHSA-CG5C-MG8J-JQC2

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature