CVE-2026-98485 (GCVE-0-2026-98485)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-18 15:16 – Updated: 2026-10-24 14:09
VLAI
Title
netfilter: ip6t_rt: fix zero-address non-strict match out-of-bounds read
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: ip6t_rt: fix zero-address non-strict match out-of-bounds read rt_mt6_check() permits rules to be configured with rtinfo->addrnr == 0 even when address matching (IP6T_RT_FST_MASK) is requested. In the IP6T_RT_FST_NSTRICT path, rt_mt6() evaluates packet routing addresses against rtinfo->addrs[i] and terminates backwards at the bottom of the loop: if (ipv6_addr_equal(ap, &rtinfo->addrs[i])) { i++; } if (i == rtinfo->addrnr) break; When addrnr is 0, if the first packet address matches rtinfo->addrs[0], i is incremented to 1. Because i is now strictly greater than addrnr (0), the loop termination condition (i == rtinfo->addrnr) is bypassed and will never be satisfied. If a crafted IPv6 packet contains matching routing addresses, i will advance past IP6T_RT_HOPS (16). The subsequent call to ipv6_addr_equal() reads beyond struct ip6t_rt, triggering UBSAN/KASAN out-of-bounds warnings or kernel panics. Fix this by: 1. Rejecting rules in rt_mt6_check() where IP6T_RT_FST_MASK is set but rtinfo->addrnr is zero. 2. In rt_mt6(), moving the termination condition (i < rtinfo->addrnr) into the for-loop header condition and removing the backwards break at the end of the loop body.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 7063 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 959d1829d1ce8b91b435b24a923b51bcc8897090 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < fe336bab13834394320997de8b16ca4a913b4f13 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 5a54f8b7f7fe207a5c14713015a5820588faf1ad (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < b89249819a7d6698bed152feafd3bc6c08489d15 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < dd55c0ea87bf70e4e4b3b683acd29ef981335b26 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 191239b0939692e92459d8d32cad14247fa93f89 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < d9cf4ac6f326330e1fe4d95671d36a6ff3593f64 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 82313c169eddc02b1bf5ba6b427803e272d3ec42 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 2.6.12
Unaffected: 0 , < 2.6.12 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.271 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.222 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.189 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.158 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.112 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.55 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2.9 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.3 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: ip6t_rt: fix zero-address non-strict match out-of-bounds read\n\nrt_mt6_check() permits rules to be configured with rtinfo-\u003eaddrnr == 0\neven when address matching (IP6T_RT_FST_MASK) is requested.\n\nIn the IP6T_RT_FST_NSTRICT path, rt_mt6() evaluates packet routing\naddresses against rtinfo-\u003eaddrs[i] and terminates backwards at the bottom\nof the loop:\n\n    if (ipv6_addr_equal(ap, \u0026rtinfo-\u003eaddrs[i])) {\n        i++;\n    }\n    if (i == rtinfo-\u003eaddrnr)\n        break;\n\nWhen addrnr is 0, if the first packet address matches rtinfo-\u003eaddrs[0],\ni is incremented to 1. Because i is now strictly greater than addrnr (0),\nthe loop termination condition (i == rtinfo-\u003eaddrnr) is bypassed and will\nnever be satisfied.\n\nIf a crafted IPv6 packet contains matching routing addresses, i will\nadvance past IP6T_RT_HOPS (16). The subsequent call to ipv6_addr_equal()\nreads beyond struct ip6t_rt, triggering UBSAN/KASAN out-of-bounds warnings\nor kernel panics.\n\nFix this by:\n1. Rejecting rules in rt_mt6_check() where IP6T_RT_FST_MASK is set but\n   rtinfo-\u003eaddrnr is zero.\n2. In rt_mt6(), moving the termination condition (i \u003c rtinfo-\u003eaddrnr)\n   into the for-loop header condition and removing the backwards break\n   at the end of the loop body."
        }
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      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
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              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The bad state enters through local setsockopt(IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACE) or NFT_MSG_NEWRULE rule installation; ip6_rcv then reaches rt_mt6 through NF_INET_PRE_ROUTING and ip6t_do_table. A remote packet alone cannot create the required zero-address rule.\nAC:L - The attacker controls the rule\u0027s addrs[] despite addrnr being zero and can send a 17-address routing header whose first 16 addresses match, making rt_mt6 deterministically read addrs[16]. No race or external timing condition is required.\nPR:L - do_ip6t_set_ctl requires ns_capable(sock_net(sk)-\u003euser_ns, CAP_NET_ADMIN), while nfnetlink uses netlink_net_capable; an unprivileged user can satisfy either check in a user-created user and network namespace.\nUI:N - The attacker installs the malformed rule and injects the triggering IPv6 packet through their own syscalls. No action by another user is needed.\nS:U - The invalid read occurs during netfilter rule evaluation inside the same host kernel security authority. It does not cross a VM, IOMMU, or comparable scope boundary.\nC:H - ipv6_addr_equal() reads 16 bytes from each selected \u0026rtinfo-\u003eaddrs[i], and rt_mt6 can advance beyond the fixed 16-entry array across up to 127 routing-header address iterations. The overread is therefore not strictly bounded to a few bytes.\nI:N - rt_mt6 only fetches the out-of-bounds address for comparison and updates its local index; it performs no out-of-bounds write or other memory modification.\nA:H - At i == 16, the fixed-array subscript and 16-byte ipv6_addr_equal() load trigger UBSAN/KASAN out-of-bounds handling and can panic the kernel, as documented by the fix. The attacker can repeat the rule-and-packet sequence without a race."
            }
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        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/82313c169eddc02b1bf5ba6b427803e272d3ec42"
        }
      ],
      "title": "netfilter: ip6t_rt: fix zero-address non-strict match out-of-bounds read",
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-98485",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-18T15:16:00.435Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.352Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-24T14:09:02.897Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-98485",
      "date": "2026-10-27",
      "epss": "0.00173",
      "percentile": "0.06666"
    },
    "microsoft_vex": {
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      "cve": "CVE-2026-98485",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2026-98485",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-10-20T01:03:40.000Z",
      "product_status:fixed": "1",
      "product_status:known_affected": "1",
      "product_status:under_investigation": "1",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "netfilter: ip6t_rt: fix zero-address non-strict match out-of-bounds read",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-98485.json",
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        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: ip6t_rt: fix zero-address non-strict match out-of-bounds read\n\nrt_mt6_check() permits rules to be configured with rtinfo-\u003eaddrnr == 0\neven when address matching (IP6T_RT_FST_MASK) is requested.\n\nIn the IP6T_RT_FST_NSTRICT path, rt_mt6() evaluates packet routing\naddresses against rtinfo-\u003eaddrs[i] and terminates backwards at the bottom\nof the loop:\n\n    if (ipv6_addr_equal(ap, \u0026rtinfo-\u003eaddrs[i])) {\n        i++;\n    }\n    if (i == rtinfo-\u003eaddrnr)\n        break;\n\nWhen addrnr is 0, if the first packet address matches rtinfo-\u003eaddrs[0],\ni is incremented to 1. Because i is now strictly greater than addrnr (0),\nthe loop termination condition (i == rtinfo-\u003eaddrnr) is bypassed and will\nnever be satisfied.\n\nIf a crafted IPv6 packet contains matching routing addresses, i will\nadvance past IP6T_RT_HOPS (16). The subsequent call to ipv6_addr_equal()\nreads beyond struct ip6t_rt, triggering UBSAN/KASAN out-of-bounds warnings\nor kernel panics.\n\nFix this by:\n1. Rejecting rules in rt_mt6_check() where IP6T_RT_FST_MASK is set but\n   rtinfo-\u003eaddrnr is zero.\n2. In rt_mt6(), moving the termination condition (i \u003c rtinfo-\u003eaddrnr)\n   into the for-loop header condition and removing the backwards break\n   at the end of the loop body."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-98485",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-24T14:16:43.780",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.1,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "NONE",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 5.2,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-10-18T16:16:59.187",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/191239b0939692e92459d8d32cad14247fa93f89"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5a54f8b7f7fe207a5c14713015a5820588faf1ad"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/82313c169eddc02b1bf5ba6b427803e272d3ec42"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/959d1829d1ce8b91b435b24a923b51bcc8897090"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b89249819a7d6698bed152feafd3bc6c08489d15"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d9cf4ac6f326330e1fe4d95671d36a6ff3593f64"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dd55c0ea87bf70e4e4b3b683acd29ef981335b26"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe336bab13834394320997de8b16ca4a913b4f13"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Received"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-24T14:23:18+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-98485",
      "id": "CVE-2026-98485",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-10-18T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "278",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: netfilter: ip6t_rt: fix zero-address non-strict match out-of-bounds read",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-98485.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-19T23:50:06Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-98485",
      "id": "CVE-2026-98485",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-10-19T23:50:06Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "348",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-98485",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/2026/cve-2026-98485.json",
      "version": "2"
    }
  }
}



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