CVE-2026-98541 (GCVE-0-2026-98541)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-18 15:18 – Updated: 2026-10-19 09:21
VLAI
Title
fou: reject omitted FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO on FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fou: reject omitted FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO on FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT Commit 7a9bc9e3f423 ("fou: Don't allow 0 for FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO.") added NLA_POLICY_MIN(NLA_U8, 1) to fou_nl_policy[FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO], which rejects an explicitly supplied FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO == 0 attribute with -ERANGE. However, FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO is an optional netlink attribute. When a user sends FOU_CMD_ADD with FOU_ATTR_TYPE set to FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT and omits FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO entirely, nla_policy validation succeeds and parse_nl_config() leaves cfg->protocol as 0 (from memset(cfg, 0, sizeof(*cfg))). fou_create() then creates a FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT socket with fou->protocol == 0. In fou_udp_recv(), returning -fou->protocol to udp_queue_rcv_one_skb() triggers IP protocol resubmission when fou->protocol > 0, whereas returning 0 tells the UDP tunnel layer that the skb was consumed without freeing it. When fou->protocol == 0, every packet received on the socket returns 0 from fou_udp_recv() and leaks the sk_buff. Reject FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT when !cfg->protocol in fou_create() so that creating a direct encapsulation port without FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO fails with -EINVAL while leaving FOU_CMD_DEL and FOU_CMD_GET (which share parse_nl_config()) unaffected. Tested in QEMU against Linux 7.3.0-rc3 by sending a FOU_CMD_ADD Generic Netlink request with FOU_ATTR_PORT = 5555 and FOU_ATTR_TYPE = FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT while omitting FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO. On the unfixed kernel, FOU_CMD_ADD succeeds (err = 0), FOU_CMD_GET reports fou->type = 1 and fou->protocol = 0, and sending 4000 UDP packets to 127.0.0.1:5555 leaks all 4000 sk_buffs (SUnreclaim in /proc/meminfo grows from 41456 kB to 59008 kB, +17552 kB); with this patch applied, FOU_CMD_ADD is rejected with -EINVAL (-22).
Severity
No CVSS data available.
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6843 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63 , < fd20220f86947d66d4dba2d76f13a28dbd86ef30 (git)
Affected: 23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63 , < 46b1ffb7e169c7e401dd890b29e55dbc261f8f01 (git)
Affected: 23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63 , < 7f4ba56f5d310dd018972916167985010a5d66a1 (git)
Affected: 23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63 , < 3bcc1624cc1cdcc05b566475d6e848093ab2a8f6 (git)
Affected: 23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63 , < 8b43f40798bb2758489fbbcae7e841ad4443c213 (git)
Affected: 23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63 , < b1229b210ef5a39c58be665e6798203751411842 (git)
Affected: 23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63 , < 520cf06b8ea0ba5bcc1b8b982ef07f02b5e56221 (git)
Affected: 23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63 , < d22609f3d13fc5baacd92c222731b03c593401db (git)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 3.18
Unaffected: 0 , < 3.18 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.271 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.222 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.189 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.158 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.112 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.55 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2.9 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.3 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/ipv4/fou_core.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "fd20220f86947d66d4dba2d76f13a28dbd86ef30",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "46b1ffb7e169c7e401dd890b29e55dbc261f8f01",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "7f4ba56f5d310dd018972916167985010a5d66a1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "3bcc1624cc1cdcc05b566475d6e848093ab2a8f6",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "8b43f40798bb2758489fbbcae7e841ad4443c213",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "b1229b210ef5a39c58be665e6798203751411842",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "520cf06b8ea0ba5bcc1b8b982ef07f02b5e56221",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "d22609f3d13fc5baacd92c222731b03c593401db",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/ipv4/fou_core.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.18"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "3.18",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.271",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.222",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.189",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.158",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.112",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.55",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.2.9",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.3",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.271",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.222",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.189",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.158",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.112",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.55",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.2.9",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.3",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nfou: reject omitted FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO on FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT\n\nCommit 7a9bc9e3f423 (\"fou: Don\u0027t allow 0 for FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO.\") added\nNLA_POLICY_MIN(NLA_U8, 1) to fou_nl_policy[FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO], which\nrejects an explicitly supplied FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO == 0 attribute with\n-ERANGE.\n\nHowever, FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO is an optional netlink attribute. When a user\nsends FOU_CMD_ADD with FOU_ATTR_TYPE set to FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT and omits\nFOU_ATTR_IPPROTO entirely, nla_policy validation succeeds and\nparse_nl_config() leaves cfg-\u003eprotocol as 0 (from memset(cfg, 0,\nsizeof(*cfg))). fou_create() then creates a FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT socket with\nfou-\u003eprotocol == 0.\n\nIn fou_udp_recv(), returning -fou-\u003eprotocol to udp_queue_rcv_one_skb()\ntriggers IP protocol resubmission when fou-\u003eprotocol \u003e 0, whereas\nreturning 0 tells the UDP tunnel layer that the skb was consumed without\nfreeing it. When fou-\u003eprotocol == 0, every packet received on the socket\nreturns 0 from fou_udp_recv() and leaks the sk_buff.\n\nReject FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT when !cfg-\u003eprotocol in fou_create() so that\ncreating a direct encapsulation port without FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO fails with\n-EINVAL while leaving FOU_CMD_DEL and FOU_CMD_GET (which share\nparse_nl_config()) unaffected.\n\nTested in QEMU against Linux 7.3.0-rc3 by sending a FOU_CMD_ADD Generic\nNetlink request with FOU_ATTR_PORT = 5555 and FOU_ATTR_TYPE =\nFOU_ENCAP_DIRECT while omitting FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO. On the unfixed kernel,\nFOU_CMD_ADD succeeds (err = 0), FOU_CMD_GET reports fou-\u003etype = 1 and\nfou-\u003eprotocol = 0, and sending 4000 UDP packets to 127.0.0.1:5555 leaks\nall 4000 sk_buffs (SUnreclaim in /proc/meminfo grows from 41456 kB to\n59008 kB, +17552 kB); with this patch applied, FOU_CMD_ADD is rejected\nwith -EINVAL (-22)."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T09:21:24.620Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fd20220f86947d66d4dba2d76f13a28dbd86ef30"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/46b1ffb7e169c7e401dd890b29e55dbc261f8f01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7f4ba56f5d310dd018972916167985010a5d66a1"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3bcc1624cc1cdcc05b566475d6e848093ab2a8f6"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8b43f40798bb2758489fbbcae7e841ad4443c213"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b1229b210ef5a39c58be665e6798203751411842"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/520cf06b8ea0ba5bcc1b8b982ef07f02b5e56221"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d22609f3d13fc5baacd92c222731b03c593401db"
        }
      ],
      "title": "fou: reject omitted FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO on FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-98541",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-18T15:18:09.190Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.356Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T09:21:24.620Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-98541",
      "date": "2026-10-22",
      "epss": "0.0021",
      "percentile": "0.1071"
    },
    "microsoft_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-21T18:39:12.000Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-98541",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2026-98541",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-10-20T01:10:08.000Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "1",
      "product_status:under_investigation": "1",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "fou: reject omitted FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO on FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-98541.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "product": "Linux",
                "programFiles": [
                  "net/ipv4/fou_core.c"
                ],
                "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                "vendor": "Linux",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "lessThan": "fd20220f86947d66d4dba2d76f13a28dbd86ef30",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "46b1ffb7e169c7e401dd890b29e55dbc261f8f01",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "7f4ba56f5d310dd018972916167985010a5d66a1",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "3bcc1624cc1cdcc05b566475d6e848093ab2a8f6",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "8b43f40798bb2758489fbbcae7e841ad4443c213",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "b1229b210ef5a39c58be665e6798203751411842",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "520cf06b8ea0ba5bcc1b8b982ef07f02b5e56221",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "d22609f3d13fc5baacd92c222731b03c593401db",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "defaultStatus": "affected",
                "product": "Linux",
                "programFiles": [
                  "net/ipv4/fou_core.c"
                ],
                "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                "vendor": "Linux",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "3.18"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "3.18",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "0",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "5.10.271",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "5.15.222",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.1.189",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.6.158",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.12.112",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.18.55",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "7.2.9",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "7.3",
                    "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nfou: reject omitted FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO on FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT\n\nCommit 7a9bc9e3f423 (\"fou: Don\u0027t allow 0 for FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO.\") added\nNLA_POLICY_MIN(NLA_U8, 1) to fou_nl_policy[FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO], which\nrejects an explicitly supplied FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO == 0 attribute with\n-ERANGE.\n\nHowever, FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO is an optional netlink attribute. When a user\nsends FOU_CMD_ADD with FOU_ATTR_TYPE set to FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT and omits\nFOU_ATTR_IPPROTO entirely, nla_policy validation succeeds and\nparse_nl_config() leaves cfg-\u003eprotocol as 0 (from memset(cfg, 0,\nsizeof(*cfg))). fou_create() then creates a FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT socket with\nfou-\u003eprotocol == 0.\n\nIn fou_udp_recv(), returning -fou-\u003eprotocol to udp_queue_rcv_one_skb()\ntriggers IP protocol resubmission when fou-\u003eprotocol \u003e 0, whereas\nreturning 0 tells the UDP tunnel layer that the skb was consumed without\nfreeing it. When fou-\u003eprotocol == 0, every packet received on the socket\nreturns 0 from fou_udp_recv() and leaks the sk_buff.\n\nReject FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT when !cfg-\u003eprotocol in fou_create() so that\ncreating a direct encapsulation port without FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO fails with\n-EINVAL while leaving FOU_CMD_DEL and FOU_CMD_GET (which share\nparse_nl_config()) unaffected.\n\nTested in QEMU against Linux 7.3.0-rc3 by sending a FOU_CMD_ADD Generic\nNetlink request with FOU_ATTR_PORT = 5555 and FOU_ATTR_TYPE =\nFOU_ENCAP_DIRECT while omitting FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO. On the unfixed kernel,\nFOU_CMD_ADD succeeds (err = 0), FOU_CMD_GET reports fou-\u003etype = 1 and\nfou-\u003eprotocol = 0, and sending 4000 UDP packets to 127.0.0.1:5555 leaks\nall 4000 sk_buffs (SUnreclaim in /proc/meminfo grows from 41456 kB to\n59008 kB, +17552 kB); with this patch applied, FOU_CMD_ADD is rejected\nwith -EINVAL (-22)."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-98541",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-19T10:19:09.957",
        "metrics": {},
        "published": "2026-10-18T16:17:05.967",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3bcc1624cc1cdcc05b566475d6e848093ab2a8f6"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/46b1ffb7e169c7e401dd890b29e55dbc261f8f01"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/520cf06b8ea0ba5bcc1b8b982ef07f02b5e56221"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7f4ba56f5d310dd018972916167985010a5d66a1"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8b43f40798bb2758489fbbcae7e841ad4443c213"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b1229b210ef5a39c58be665e6798203751411842"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d22609f3d13fc5baacd92c222731b03c593401db"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fd20220f86947d66d4dba2d76f13a28dbd86ef30"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Received"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-19T23:41:15+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-98541",
      "id": "CVE-2026-98541",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-10-18T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "186",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "91",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: fou: reject omitted FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO on FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-98541.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-19T23:49:44Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-98541",
      "id": "CVE-2026-98541",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-10-19T23:49:44Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "344",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "4",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-98541",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/2026/cve-2026-98541.json",
      "version": "2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON

Loading timeline…




    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.