fkie_nvd - fkie_cve-2025-48372

FKIE_CVE-2025-48372

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-05-22 21:15 - Updated: 2025-09-05 14:15

Severity ?

7.3 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

Summary

Schule is open-source school management system software. The generateOTP() function generates a 4-digit numeric One-Time Password (OTP). Prior to version 1.0.1, even if a secure random number generator is used, the short length and limited range (1000–9999) results in only 9000 possible combinations. This small keyspace makes the OTP highly vulnerable to brute-force attacks, especially in the absence of strong rate-limiting or lockout mechanisms. Version 1.0.1 fixes the issue.

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/schule111/Schule/commit/cd53abbea93943f2c60a5281d45bebadc57636b7	Patch
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/schule111/Schule/security/advisories/GHSA-6c48-67xx-vqgc	Vendor Advisory

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	schule111	schule_school_management_system	1.0.0

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:schule111:schule_school_management_system:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "BF1208E2-66F6-4530-9905-BCD22BD67ECF",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Schule is open-source school management system software. The generateOTP() function generates a 4-digit numeric One-Time Password (OTP). Prior to version 1.0.1, even if a secure random number generator is used, the short length and limited range (1000\u20139999) results in only 9000 possible combinations. This small keyspace makes the OTP highly vulnerable to brute-force attacks, especially in the absence of strong rate-limiting or lockout mechanisms. Version 1.0.1 fixes the issue."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Schule es un software de gesti\u00f3n escolar de c\u00f3digo abierto. La funci\u00f3n generateOTP() genera una contrase\u00f1a de un solo uso (OTP) num\u00e9rica de 4 d\u00edgitos. Antes de la versi\u00f3n 1.0.1, incluso utilizando un generador de n\u00fameros aleatorios seguro, la corta longitud y el rango limitado (1000-9999) resultaban en solo 9000 combinaciones posibles. Este peque\u00f1o espacio de claves hace que la OTP sea muy vulnerable a ataques de fuerza bruta, especialmente en ausencia de mecanismos de limitaci\u00f3n de velocidad o bloqueo robustos. La versi\u00f3n 1.0.1 corrige este problema."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-48372",
  "lastModified": "2025-09-05T14:15:28.703",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
          "baseScore": 7.3,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
          "integrityImpact": "LOW",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 3.4,
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "type": "Primary"
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "NONE",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 6.6,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "UNREPORTED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-05-22T21:15:36.640",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/schule111/Schule/commit/cd53abbea93943f2c60a5281d45bebadc57636b7"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/schule111/Schule/security/advisories/GHSA-6c48-67xx-vqgc"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-521"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2025-48372 (GCVE-0-2025-48372)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-22 20:38 – Updated: 2025-05-23 13:56

Title

Schule Has Insecure OTP Length, is Susceptible to Brute-Force Attacks

Summary

Severity ?

6.6 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

CWE

CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

URL

Tags

	https://github.com/schule111/Schule/security/advi…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
	https://github.com/schule111/Schule/commit/cd53ab…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	schule111	Schule	Affected: < 1.0.1

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-48372",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-05-23T13:42:44.755851Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-05-23T13:56:37.894Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "Schule",
          "vendor": "schule111",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 1.0.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Schule is open-source school management system software. The generateOTP() function generates a 4-digit numeric One-Time Password (OTP). Prior to version 1.0.1, even if a secure random number generator is used, the short length and limited range (1000\u20139999) results in only 9000 possible combinations. This small keyspace makes the OTP highly vulnerable to brute-force attacks, especially in the absence of strong rate-limiting or lockout mechanisms. Version 1.0.1 fixes the issue."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 6.6,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-521",
              "description": "CWE-521: Weak Password Requirements",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-05-22T20:38:02.463Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/schule111/Schule/security/advisories/GHSA-6c48-67xx-vqgc",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/schule111/Schule/security/advisories/GHSA-6c48-67xx-vqgc"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/schule111/Schule/commit/cd53abbea93943f2c60a5281d45bebadc57636b7",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/schule111/Schule/commit/cd53abbea93943f2c60a5281d45bebadc57636b7"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-6c48-67xx-vqgc",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Schule Has Insecure OTP Length, is Susceptible to Brute-Force Attacks"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-48372",
    "datePublished": "2025-05-22T20:38:02.463Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-05-19T15:46:00.395Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-05-23T13:56:37.894Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

FKIE_CVE-2025-48372

CVE-2025-48372 (GCVE-0-2025-48372)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature