Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2025-52549

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-09-02 12:15 - Updated: 2026-06-17 09:36

Severity

9.8 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

E3 Site Supervisor Control (firmware version < 2.31F01) generates the root linux password on each boot. An attacker can generate the root linux password for a vulnerable device based on known or easy to fetch parameters.

References

	URL	Tags
	dd59f033-460c-4b88-a075-d4d3fedb6191	https://www.armis.com/research/frostbyte10/	Mitigation, Third Party Advisory

Impacted products

Vendor	Product	Version
copeland	e3_supervisory_controller_firmware	*
copeland	site_supervisor_bx_860-1240	-
copeland	site_supervisor_bxe_860-1245	-
copeland	site_supervisor_cx_860-1260	-
copeland	site_supervisor_cxe_860-1265	-
copeland	site_supervisor_rx_860-1220	-
copeland	site_supervisor_rxe_860-1225	-
copeland	site_supervisor_sf_860-1200	-

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "E3 Supervisory Control",
          "vendor": "Copeland LP",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "2.31F01",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "firmware"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "dd59f033-460c-4b88-a075-d4d3fedb6191"
    }
  ],
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:copeland:e3_supervisory_controller_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "791AC7BF-A584-446A-A5FB-CB282430567A",
              "versionEndExcluding": "2.31f01",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        },
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:h:copeland:site_supervisor_bx_860-1240:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "62991432-9156-4152-B940-4428A06ABBDA",
              "vulnerable": false
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:h:copeland:site_supervisor_bxe_860-1245:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "7281C06F-83DC-4A57-9076-B666C643B1A0",
              "vulnerable": false
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:h:copeland:site_supervisor_cx_860-1260:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "FC339BFF-3123-4BE2-8092-3AD6FBB0AEFF",
              "vulnerable": false
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:h:copeland:site_supervisor_cxe_860-1265:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "C42AA549-5959-4E4D-81AD-9E04218EC157",
              "vulnerable": false
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:h:copeland:site_supervisor_rx_860-1220:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "3F77BC1C-9709-40CB-AF4D-6A118D8F41E2",
              "vulnerable": false
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:h:copeland:site_supervisor_rxe_860-1225:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "3F10BB44-439E-4823-8ECF-1700355C78E3",
              "vulnerable": false
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:h:copeland:site_supervisor_sf_860-1200:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "B4909D80-1F06-437F-8D66-E39535B5E60D",
              "vulnerable": false
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ],
      "operator": "AND"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "E3 Site Supervisor Control (firmware version \u003c 2.31F01) generates the root linux password on each boot. An attacker can generate the root linux password for a vulnerable device based on known or easy to fetch parameters."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "E3 Site Supervisor Control (versi\u00f3n de firmware \u0026lt; 2.31F01) genera la contrase\u00f1a de root de Linux en cada arranque. Un atacante puede generar la contrase\u00f1a de root de Linux para un dispositivo vulnerable bas\u00e1ndose en par\u00e1metros conocidos o f\u00e1ciles de obtener."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-52549",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T09:36:39.360",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 9.8,
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "type": "Primary"
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 9.2,
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "dd59f033-460c-4b88-a075-d4d3fedb6191",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2025-52549",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "total"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2025-09-02T13:43:21.807333Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-09-02T12:15:37.563",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "dd59f033-460c-4b88-a075-d4d3fedb6191",
      "tags": [
        "Mitigation",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://www.armis.com/research/frostbyte10/"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "dd59f033-460c-4b88-a075-d4d3fedb6191",
  "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-522"
        }
      ],
      "source": "dd59f033-460c-4b88-a075-d4d3fedb6191",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2025-52549 (GCVE-0-2025-52549)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-02 11:26 – Updated: 2025-09-02 13:43

Title

Predictable root linux password generation

Summary

Severity

9.2 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:L/SA:L

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-09-02 13:43 UTC

CWE

CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials

Assigner

Armis icscert root Scorecard

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://www.armis.com/research/frostbyte10/

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Copeland LP	E3 Supervisory Control	Affected: 0 , < 2.31F01 (firmware)

Date Public

2025-07-29 12:00

Credits

Armis Labs

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-52549",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-09-02T13:43:21.807333Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-09-02T13:43:26.506Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "E3 Supervisory Control",
          "vendor": "Copeland LP",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "2.31F01",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "firmware"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Armis Labs"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2025-07-29T12:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "E3 Site Supervisor Control (firmware version \u0026lt; 2.31F01) generates the root linux password on each boot. An attacker can generate the root linux password for a vulnerable device based on known or easy to fetch parameters.\u003cbr\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "E3 Site Supervisor Control (firmware version \u003c 2.31F01) generates the root linux password on each boot. An attacker can generate the root linux password for a vulnerable device based on known or easy to fetch parameters."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-653",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-653 Use of Known Operating System Credentials"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 9.2,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:L/SA:L",
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            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
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      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-522",
              "description": "CWE-522 Insufficiently Protected Credentials",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
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          ]
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      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-09-02T11:26:23.423Z",
        "orgId": "dd59f033-460c-4b88-a075-d4d3fedb6191",
        "shortName": "Armis"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.armis.com/research/frostbyte10/"
        }
      ],
      "solutions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Upgrade firmware of affected E3 Supervisory Controls to a version \u0026gt; 2.30F1.\u003cbr\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Upgrade firmware of affected E3 Supervisory Controls to a version \u003e 2.30F1."
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Predictable root linux password generation",
      "workarounds": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Restrict access to the E3 Supervisory Controls network interface (ETH 0) by use of restricted VLAN or subnet and / or network firewall. Ensure the restricted VLAN or subnet is never accessible from untrusted networks."
            }
          ],
          "value": "Restrict access to the E3 Supervisory Controls network interface (ETH 0) by use of restricted VLAN or subnet and / or network firewall. Ensure the restricted VLAN or subnet is never accessible from untrusted networks."
        }
      ],
      "x_generator": {
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  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "dd59f033-460c-4b88-a075-d4d3fedb6191",
    "assignerShortName": "Armis",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-52549",
    "datePublished": "2025-09-02T11:26:23.423Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-06-17T17:29:21.841Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-09-02T13:43:26.506Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

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FKIE_CVE-2025-52549

CVE-2025-52549 (GCVE-0-2025-52549)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour