Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2025-68208

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-12-16 14:15 - Updated: 2026-07-30 06:24

Severity

7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: account for current allocated stack depth in widen_imprecise_scalars() The usage pattern for widen_imprecise_scalars() looks as follows: prev_st = find_prev_entry(env, ...); queued_st = push_stack(...); widen_imprecise_scalars(env, prev_st, queued_st); Where prev_st is an ancestor of the queued_st in the explored states tree. This ancestor is not guaranteed to have same allocated stack depth as queued_st. E.g. in the following case: def main(): for i in 1..2: foo(i) // same callsite, differnt param def foo(i): if i == 1: use 128 bytes of stack iterator based loop Here, for a second 'foo' call prev_st->allocated_stack is 128, while queued_st->allocated_stack is much smaller. widen_imprecise_scalars() needs to take this into account and avoid accessing bpf_verifier_state->frame[*]->stack out of bounds.

References

	URL	Tags
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/57e04e2ff56e32f923154f0f7bc476fcb596ffe7
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/64b12dca2b0abcb5fc0542887d18b926ea5cf711
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9944c7938cd5b3f37b0afec0481c7c015e4f1c58
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b0c8e6d3d866b6a7f73877f71968dbffd27b7785

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "kernel/bpf/verifier.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "64b12dca2b0abcb5fc0542887d18b926ea5cf711",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "ab470fefce2837e66b771c60858118d50bb5bb10",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "9944c7938cd5b3f37b0afec0481c7c015e4f1c58",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2793a8b015f7f1caadb9bce9c63dc659f7522676",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "57e04e2ff56e32f923154f0f7bc476fcb596ffe7",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2793a8b015f7f1caadb9bce9c63dc659f7522676",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "b0c8e6d3d866b6a7f73877f71968dbffd27b7785",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2793a8b015f7f1caadb9bce9c63dc659f7522676",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.6.117",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.6.15",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "kernel/bpf/verifier.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.7"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.7",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.117",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.59",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.17.9",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: account for current allocated stack depth in widen_imprecise_scalars()\n\nThe usage pattern for widen_imprecise_scalars() looks as follows:\n\n    prev_st = find_prev_entry(env, ...);\n    queued_st = push_stack(...);\n    widen_imprecise_scalars(env, prev_st, queued_st);\n\nWhere prev_st is an ancestor of the queued_st in the explored states\ntree. This ancestor is not guaranteed to have same allocated stack\ndepth as queued_st. E.g. in the following case:\n\n    def main():\n      for i in 1..2:\n        foo(i)        // same callsite, differnt param\n\n    def foo(i):\n      if i == 1:\n        use 128 bytes of stack\n      iterator based loop\n\nHere, for a second \u0027foo\u0027 call prev_st-\u003eallocated_stack is 128,\nwhile queued_st-\u003eallocated_stack is much smaller.\nwiden_imprecise_scalars() needs to take this into account and avoid\naccessing bpf_verifier_state-\u003eframe[*]-\u003estack out of bounds."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-68208",
  "lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:24:33.487",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 7.8,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-12-16T14:15:53.700",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/57e04e2ff56e32f923154f0f7bc476fcb596ffe7"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/64b12dca2b0abcb5fc0542887d18b926ea5cf711"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9944c7938cd5b3f37b0afec0481c7c015e4f1c58"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b0c8e6d3d866b6a7f73877f71968dbffd27b7785"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred"
}

CVE-2025-68208 (GCVE-0-2025-68208)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-16 13:48 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:10

Title

bpf: account for current allocated stack depth in widen_imprecise_scalars()

Summary

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/64b12dca2b0abcb5f…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9944c7938cd5b3f37…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/57e04e2ff56e32f92…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b0c8e6d3d866b6a7f…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: ab470fefce2837e66b771c60858118d50bb5bb10 , < 64b12dca2b0abcb5fc0542887d18b926ea5cf711 (git) Affected: 2793a8b015f7f1caadb9bce9c63dc659f7522676 , < 9944c7938cd5b3f37b0afec0481c7c015e4f1c58 (git) Affected: 2793a8b015f7f1caadb9bce9c63dc659f7522676 , < 57e04e2ff56e32f923154f0f7bc476fcb596ffe7 (git) Affected: 2793a8b015f7f1caadb9bce9c63dc659f7522676 , < b0c8e6d3d866b6a7f73877f71968dbffd27b7785 (git) Affected: 6.6.15 , < 6.6.117 (semver)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 6.7 Unaffected: 0 , < 6.7 (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.117 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.59 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17.9 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "kernel/bpf/verifier.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "64b12dca2b0abcb5fc0542887d18b926ea5cf711",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "ab470fefce2837e66b771c60858118d50bb5bb10",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "9944c7938cd5b3f37b0afec0481c7c015e4f1c58",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2793a8b015f7f1caadb9bce9c63dc659f7522676",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "57e04e2ff56e32f923154f0f7bc476fcb596ffe7",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2793a8b015f7f1caadb9bce9c63dc659f7522676",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "b0c8e6d3d866b6a7f73877f71968dbffd27b7785",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2793a8b015f7f1caadb9bce9c63dc659f7522676",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.6.117",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.6.15",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "kernel/bpf/verifier.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.7"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.7",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.117",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.59",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.17.9",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.117",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.6.15",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.59",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.7",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.17.9",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.7",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.7",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: account for current allocated stack depth in widen_imprecise_scalars()\n\nThe usage pattern for widen_imprecise_scalars() looks as follows:\n\n    prev_st = find_prev_entry(env, ...);\n    queued_st = push_stack(...);\n    widen_imprecise_scalars(env, prev_st, queued_st);\n\nWhere prev_st is an ancestor of the queued_st in the explored states\ntree. This ancestor is not guaranteed to have same allocated stack\ndepth as queued_st. E.g. in the following case:\n\n    def main():\n      for i in 1..2:\n        foo(i)        // same callsite, differnt param\n\n    def foo(i):\n      if i == 1:\n        use 128 bytes of stack\n      iterator based loop\n\nHere, for a second \u0027foo\u0027 call prev_st-\u003eallocated_stack is 128,\nwhile queued_st-\u003eallocated_stack is much smaller.\nwiden_imprecise_scalars() needs to take this into account and avoid\naccessing bpf_verifier_state-\u003eframe[*]-\u003estack out of bounds."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The attacker reaches the vulnerable verifier through a local BPF_PROG_LOAD syscall; no network or physical path invokes it.\nAC:L - A crafted BPF program deterministically creates the mismatched verifier stack depths, as confirmed by the upstream KASAN regression test. Any heap grooming needed for exploitation is attacker-controlled, with no race or victim-dependent condition.\nPR:L - The trigger requires permission to load privileged BPF bytecode; ordinary unprivileged BPF is insufficient. However, CAP_BPF can be delegated through a BPF token to a user namespace, making this reachable without host-administrator privileges in a reasonable container deployment.\nUI:N - Submitting the crafted BPF program directly triggers verification without any action by another user.\nS:U - The vulnerability compromises the kernel containing the BPF verifier and does not inherently cross a VM, IOMMU, or separate security authority boundary.\nC:H - The loop can read numerous bpf_stack_state entries beyond the shorter heap allocation, substantially exceeding a small bounded disclosure. Adjacent verifier-state corruption can also enable further kernel-memory disclosure primitives.\nI:H - If attacker-groomed out-of-bounds bytes resemble an imprecise spilled scalar, maybe_widen_reg() passes the invalid pointer to __mark_reg_unknown(), overwriting an entire bpf_reg_state outside the allocation. This kernel-heap corruption can support data or control-flow manipulation.\nA:H - The upstream reproducer triggers a KASAN out-of-bounds failure, and deeper mismatches can fault or corrupt adjacent kernel objects. Repeated BPF_PROG_LOAD requests can therefore crash or panic the kernel."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:10:13.855Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/64b12dca2b0abcb5fc0542887d18b926ea5cf711"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9944c7938cd5b3f37b0afec0481c7c015e4f1c58"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/57e04e2ff56e32f923154f0f7bc476fcb596ffe7"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b0c8e6d3d866b6a7f73877f71968dbffd27b7785"
        }
      ],
      "title": "bpf: account for current allocated stack depth in widen_imprecise_scalars()",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-68208",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-16T13:48:35.298Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-16T13:41:40.255Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:10:13.855Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

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